This study was accomplished to investigate the effects of the night temperatures on the dark respiration and fruit quality of ‘Heukgoosul’ grape at ripening time. The weight of cluster and berry increased significantly at 20oC than 30oC in night temperature. The length and diameter of berry harvested from the 20oC and 25°C treatments also increased significantly. But there were no differences in the cluster length and diameter as well as the number of berries per cluster. When the amount of CO2 uptake was examined, the dark respiration decreased at 20°C in comparison with 30°C. On the other hand, the anthocyanin content of fruits harvested from the 20°C treatment was higher 38.8 μg·cm-2 than that of 30°C 27.7 μg·cm-2. Hunter’s value such as L(brightness), a(red chromaticity) and b(yellow chromaticity) showed the significance between 20°C and 30°C treatments. Soluble solid content and acidity of berry fruits harvested from the 20°C treatment increased respectively by 3.4 °Brix and 1.6 times. With consideration of the main characteristics of fruit harvested at 30°C, the sugar-acid ratio 72.6% was lowered and the color chart showed the low value 7.1, therefore, the overall fruit quality was deteriorated. When the production yield rates of first harvest 23.6% and second harvest 44.7% were compared, the 20°C treatment could move up the harvest time earlier.

본 연구는 30oC 이상 고온기 포도 착색장해를 경감하기 위하여 차광 정도에 따른 포도 광합성과 과실특성 및 품질과의 관계를 구명하고자 국내육성 ‘자랑’과 ‘흑보석’ 포도를 가지고 수행하였다. 1. ‘자랑’ 포도는 오전 10시 무처리 대비 차광 30%에서 오전에는 5.1 μmolCO2·m-2·s-1, 오후에는 9.4 μmolCO2·m-2·s-1 광합성률이 높아 오전부터 차광하는 것이 효과적이었으며, ‘흑보석’ 포도는 무처리 대비 오전 10시에 –3.1 μmolCO2·m-2·s-1로 광합성률이 저하하고, 오후에 7.6 μmolCO2·m-2·s-1 광합성률이 증가하여 오후 고온에서 30% 차광 처리하는 것이 효과적이다. 차광 30%와 50% 처리간에는 광합성률 차이가 인정되지 않았다. 2. ‘자랑’ 포도를 10시부터 17시까지 평균온도는 무처리 대비 30% 차광 엽온은 4.2oC, 50% 차광 엽온은 4.8oC 낮았으며, ‘흑보석’ 포도는 10시부터 16시까지 평균온도는 무처리 대비 30% 차광 엽온은 4.1oC, 50% 차광 엽온은 4.9oC 낮았다. 두 품종 모두 무처리와 차광 처리간의 범위는 4.8 ~ 4.9oC로 차광이 엽온 저하에 효과적이었으며, 차광처리 간에는 큰 차이가 없었다. 3. 과실 특성에 있어서는 ‘자랑’과 ‘흑보석’ 포도의 과실중, 당함량, 산도는 무처리구와 인공차광 처리구 간 유의성이 있었다. 하지만 과방길이, 직경, 과립수는 처리구 사이에 유의성이 인정되지 않았다. 4. ‘자랑’ 포도 안토시아닌은 무처리 28.88 μg/cm2 대비 차광 30%가 42.8 μg/cm2로 1.5배 높았으며 명도(L)은 차광 처리에서 낮고, 적색도(a)는 무처리가 높으며, 황색도(b)는 차광 처리에서 낮으나, 차광처리 간에는 차이를 보이지 않았다. ‘흑보석’ 포도는 안토시아닌, 명도(L), 황색도(b)는 처리 간 유의성이 없었으나, 적색도(a)는 차광 30%에서 유의성을 보였으나, 차광 처리 간에는 유의성이 인정되지 않았다.

'Cheongpungheukhyangchal' New aromatic, black pericarp and glutinous rice variety was developed by the rice breeding team of Chungbuk Agricultural Research and Extension Services, in 2012. This cultivar was derived from a cross between 'Shindongjin' as a grain quality source and 'Heugseonchal' as a black glutinous and aromatic source. The donor parent, 'Sindongjin' has been backcrossed one time with recurrent parent 'Heugseonchal' and selected by the pedigree breeding method, until F6 generation. As a result, a promising line, CBR11-2-4-3, was advanced and designated as the name of ‘CBR L3’ in 2009. The maturity period of this cultivar took approximately 168 days from seedling to heading. This cultivar has about 15 tillers per hill and 115 spikelet numbers per panicle. Ripening ratio is about 76.5% and 1000 grain weight is 27.2 g in brown rice. Milled rice of 'Cheongpungheukhyangchal' has trait of glutinous and aromatic endosperm. It has higher anthocyanin content compared to that of black pigmented check cultivar ‘Heugseonchal’. The yield performance of brown rice was 5.39 MT/ha in local adaptability test for three years. ‘Cheongpungheukhyangchal’ is adaptable to central plain and southern mid-mountainous area of Korea.

‘청풍흑찰’은 충북농업기술원에서 2009년도에 육성한 다수성 흑색 찰벼 품종이다. 잎은 녹색이고, ‘흑선찰’보다 길이는 짧고, 너비는 비슷하다. 초형은 반직립형이며, 줄기의 강도가 강한 편이다. 이삭 추출은 양호하고 착립밀도는 조밀하다.까락은 벼알 선단부분에 약간 발생되며, 탈립이 잘 안되고 부선은 황색, 영색은 담자색이다. 출수기는 8월 23일인 중만생종이다. 간장은 65 cm로 작은 편이고, 주당수수와 천립중은‘흑선찰’과 비슷하였으나. 수당립수는 16개 더 많았다. 성숙기 하엽노화는 느린 편이며, 줄기의 강도가 강하여 도복에 강하다. 도열병에는 저항성을 나타냈지만, 해충에 저항성이 없다. 단백질 함량은 ‘흑선찰’보다 낮고, 도정수율 및 강하점도가 높아 가공적성이 뛰어나며, 기능성 성분 함량이 높고, 항산화 활성이 뛰어났다. 수량성은 ‘06～‘08년 3개년 간 실시한지역적응시험 보통기 보비재배 3개소에서 평균 현미수량이5.80 MT/ha로 ‘흑선찰’ 대비 53% 증수되었다.

This study was carried out to obtain informations on the variations of oil content and fatty acid composition among 90 Korean perilla collections. Average oil content of 90 perilla collections was 44.2% with a range from 29.7% to 61.9%. Perilla collections with late-maturing, super-large seed and gray seed coat showed higher oil content than other types in general. Average saturated fatty acid content in perilla oil was 9.0% with a range from 8.2% to 10.7%, while average unsaturated fatty acid content varied from 89.3% to 91.8% with a mean of 91.0%. Contents of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were not related to maturity. There were no differences in the contents of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids according to maturity. Linoleic acid and linolenic acid contents were the highest in the super large-sized group(15.5%) and in the large-sized seed group(61.4%), respectively, while contents of fatty acids among the perilla collections were variable with different seed coat colors. Most of the traits studied were not significantly correlated with oil content, but linoleic acid(Ω-6) content was negatively correlated (r=-0.217＊) with linolenic acid(Ω-3) content.