We developed a new oyster mushroom cultivar named 'Dawon-tari', which has a longer stipe and higher yield than those of ‘sootari’.‘Dawon-tari’ was crossed by mating monokaryons isolated from ‘Sootari’ and ‘Daejang2ho’. The optimal temperature for mycelial growth was determined to be 20~25°C on potato dextrose agar medium, while the optimal temperatures for primordia formation and fruiting body growth were 15~17°C on a sawdust substrate. During bottle cultivation, the mycelial growth phase required approximately 26 days. Additionally, primordia formation required 5 days, and fruiting body growth took 4 days. The fruiting bodies exhibited a shallow funnel shape; were grayishbrown; and the stipes were characterized by a long, thin structure. The yield of fruiting bodies was 185 g per 1,100 mL bottle, which was 5% higher than that of ‘Sootari’.

A new brown variety of Flammulina velutipes, referred to as ‘Asakgold,’ was bred by crossing two monokaryons isolated from the “Geumhyang2ho” and “Garlmoe” varieties. The pileus color of the new variety is light brown and its shape is hemispherical. During bottle cultivation, the period necessary for mycelial growth was 40 days, 9 days for primordia formation and 15 days for fruiting body growth. The total cultivation period was 64 days, which was similar to that of the control variety “Yeoreumhyang1ho.” The pileus of the new variety was similar and the stipe was thinner and longer than that of the control. The number of valid stipes per bottle was 495, which was 37 % higher than that of the control (362), and the yield was 214 g, 16 % higher than that of the control (185 g). The -glucan content was 28.69 %, which was observed to be 1.6 times more than that of the control.

In this study, we propose a new scheme of nonlinear analysis for Incheon International Airport Terminal-2 which was opened on January of 2018 for the Olympic Winter Games of PyeongChang in South Korea. The terminal was built by a single layered irregular space frame. It has hard problems for nonlinear analysis geometrically, because of a limitation of personal computer's ability by the number of rigid joints in the roof. Therefore we attempt easier approach to be chosen a center part of the roof instead of the whole structure, and to substitute the other boundary parts as springs. The scheme shows some merits for saving memory and calculation time and so on.

In this paper, uniaxial tensile tests of ETFE films with three kinds of thicknesses(100, 200, 250μm) and two kinds of directions(machine direction & transverse direction) are performed and the tensile strength, the tensile strain at break and the Young’s modulus of ETFE films are compared for two kinds of specimen types(2 & 5). It could be figured out that there are no significant difference between tensile strengths of two specimen types but the tensile strain at break and the Young’s modulus of ETFE films are affected by the specimen types. And it is concluded that the uniaxial tensile test of specimen type 2 are more reliable than that of specimen type 5.

Recently, the interest in the smart buildings is increasing in the architecture field. Among them, a research of facade design using a transformable system that can adjust the effect of the external environment is in progress. One of a typical example of the deployable system is a Scissors system that can change shape by using the geometric conditions of a unit member. Scissors system is a high-tech structural system which can construct the deployable plan and curved space by using the SLE (Scissors-Like Element) consisted of two Bar and Pivot. If the facade is designed by applying Scissors system, it is possible to maximize the performance and aesthetic effect of the structure by using a shape change of the line member. This paper presents a study of deployable facade design applying hybrid-typed Scissors system. A new deployable pattern of facade design is developed by combining Angulated Scissors system and tessellation pattern. Applying the deployable pattern a double skin construction method which is to add an outer wall for design, it raises three dimensional effects and can maximize the artistic essence of the change in shape upon deployment.

This study was accomplished to investigate the effects of the night temperatures on the dark respiration and fruit quality of ‘Heukgoosul’ grape at ripening time. The weight of cluster and berry increased significantly at 20oC than 30oC in night temperature. The length and diameter of berry harvested from the 20oC and 25°C treatments also increased significantly. But there were no differences in the cluster length and diameter as well as the number of berries per cluster. When the amount of CO2 uptake was examined, the dark respiration decreased at 20°C in comparison with 30°C. On the other hand, the anthocyanin content of fruits harvested from the 20°C treatment was higher 38.8 μg·cm-2 than that of 30°C 27.7 μg·cm-2. Hunter’s value such as L(brightness), a(red chromaticity) and b(yellow chromaticity) showed the significance between 20°C and 30°C treatments. Soluble solid content and acidity of berry fruits harvested from the 20°C treatment increased respectively by 3.4 °Brix and 1.6 times. With consideration of the main characteristics of fruit harvested at 30°C, the sugar-acid ratio 72.6% was lowered and the color chart showed the low value 7.1, therefore, the overall fruit quality was deteriorated. When the production yield rates of first harvest 23.6% and second harvest 44.7% were compared, the 20°C treatment could move up the harvest time earlier.

벗초파리(Drosophila suzukii)는 아시아가 원산인 파리목 초파리과의 해충이다. 국내에서의 피해사례는 보고되지 않았지만 북미와 유럽에서는 블루베리, 체리, 포도 등의 작물에 많은 피해를 입히는 중요한 해충으로, 알자스의 포도 수확량이 15% 정도 감소되었다는 피해사례가 보고되었다. 미국, 뉴질랜드 등에 수출을 할 때 검역 해충으로 수출포도단지 및 선과장 등에서의 발생이 민감한 해충이다. 본 연구는 효율적인 초파리 모니터링을 위해 식초의 종류, 식초량에 따른 유인량을 알아보고, 수출포도단지에서의 벗초파리 발생시기를 알아보고자 수행하였다. 사과 식초 30, 70, 100ml를 넣고 초파리 유인량을 비교한 결과 유인량에는 차이가 없었다. 양조식초, 현미식초, 사과식초, 백포도식초, 사과식초+와인(5:5) 처리 결과 사과식초+와인(5:5)에서 유인량이 가장 많았다. 수출포도단지 내 재배포장에서 조사한 결과 노랑초파리는 8월에도 발견되었으나, 벗초파리는 9월 중순부터 발견되었다.

가루깍지벌레(Pseudococcus comstocki)는 노린재목 가루깍지벌레과로 포도원에서 나무껍질 사이에 알, 약충 및 성충으로 월동하고, 봄철 포도나무 수액이 이동할 즈음 활동을 시작한다. 개체수가 증가하는 7월 중순에 이동을 시작해 결과지와 봉지를 씌운 포도송이 안에서 줄기를 흡즙하고 감로를 배설하여 그을음병을 유발한다, 7월 하순~8월 상순 경에 포도 과실 지경에 알을 낳으며, 포도 수확기인 9월 상순 무렵 약충이 증가되면 그을음이 늘어 포도 상품성을 떨어뜨린다. 유기포도원의 알렉산드리아 같은 청포도 계통의 포도에서는 피해 증상이 뚜렷이 나타나 농가피해가 더욱 심하다. 본 연구는 가루깍지벌레의 피해를 줄이고자 식물로부터 유래하는 기피물질을 이용해 시설포도원에 적용하고자 수행하였다. 선발된 essential oils을 6월부터 8월까지 포도송이 줄기와 만나는 T자 줄기에 털실을 감고 0∼100㎕ 처리한 결과 100㎕ 처리시 기피효과가 높았으며, 6월부터 8월까지 처리한 결과 7월 중․하순에 처리하였을 때 기피효과가 가장 높게 나타났다.

This paper is a study on the nonlinear behavior of polyhedron curved space roof as building structures of quasicrystal system. The quasicrystal is made up of two kinds of parallel hexahedrons, and all the line elements of the parallelepiped have the same length. The quasicrystal design grid dome has a pentagonal symmetry and all members have the same length. This paper described form of design gird dome, and showed the analysis conditions. Also, The displacement-load curve is shown through the analysis and we grasped the flow of the load and forces through analysis of design grid dome applied quasicrystal system.

This paper is a study on Development of polyhedral surfaces Quasicrystal System. Quasicrystal is the quasi-crystalline material, which is the intermediate material of the crystalline material and non-crystalline material. Quasicrystal is a structures that is ordered but not periodic, the basic form is a rhombus. These studies in the field of chemistry will proceed actively studied, in the field of construction a situation that still insufficient research. Therefore, in this paper, we presents the analysis of Quasicrystal system, and the research on the applicability of as dome structures. This paper described some examples of polyhedron form, and method of applying Quasicrystal system.

가루깍지벌레(Pseudococcus comstocki)는 노린재목 가루깍지벌레과로 포도원에서 나무껍질 사이에 알, 약충 및 성충으로 월동하고, 봄철 포도나무 수액이 이동할 즈음 활동을 시작한다. 개체수가 증가하는 7월 중순에 이동을 시작해 결과지와 봉지를 씌운 포도과실에서 흡즙하고 감로를 배설하여 그을음병을 유발한다, 7월 하순 ~ 8월 상순 경에 포도 과실 지경에 알을 낳으며, 포도 수확기인 9월 상순 무렵 약충이 증가함에 따라 그을음이 늘어 포도 상품성을 떨어뜨린다. 더욱이 유기포도원 의 알렉산드리아 같은 청포도계통의 포도에서 피해 증상이 뚜렷이 나타나 농가피해가 심하다. 본 연구는 가루깍지벌레의 피해를 줄이고자 식물로부터 유래하는 기피물질을 탐색하고자 수행하였다. 27종의 essential oils을 4 Choice Insect Olfactometer(4 CIO)의 2구를 이용해 후각검정을 실시한 결과 반응을 보인 8 essential oils을 1차 선발하였고, 8 essential oils을 4 CIO의 4구에 각각 5㎕, 10㎕, 15㎕, 무처리로 처리한 결과 Orange oil에서 73%의 기피효과를 보였으며, Castor oil, Gerarium oil, Thyme oil에서도 기피효과를 보였다.

국내 시설포도 재배면적은 2006년 1,824ha에서 2012년 2,591ha로 42.1% 증가되었다(통계청). 이후에도 수입과실에 대한 경쟁력 강화를 위해 지속적으로 늘어 응애류, 총채벌레류, 애매미충류, 깍지벌레류 등의 미소해충 발생이 증가되고 있다. 이 중 잎응애인 점박이응애(Tetranychus urticae), 차응애(T. kanzawai), 사과응애(Panonychus ulmi)가 포도원에서 발견되었고, 점박이응애가 우점종으로 알려져 있다. 시설재배시 고온으로 인해 해충 번식속도가 빠르고 연중 번식이 가능하여 많은 회수의 약제 살포가 필요하며, 이로 인해 농가의 방제비용 및 노동력이 많이 들어 어려움을 호소하고 있다. 본 연구는 초미립 자동연무기(삼영바이오, NSY-350)를 이용하여 시설포도원에서 점박이응애의 방제효율을 검정하고자 수행하였다. 10a 기준 관행 동력분무기에 비해 80.3%의 약제량과 3.6%의 물량으로 사이에노피라펜 액상수화제를 살포했을 때 점박이응애를 100% 방제하였다. 살포준비를 위한 시간도 관행에 비해 10%밖에 안 들었으며, 포도잎이 겹친 사이에 농약 흡착지를 놓고 농약부착능력을 검정한 결과, 관행 일반분무기에 비해 부착효과가 인정되었다.

Until recently, almost all ETFE film structures that have been erected is the cushion type because there are problems at lower allowable strength under elastic range and viscosity behaviour such as creep and relaxation of ETFE films under long-term stresses. But the number of tension type structures is currently increasing. This paper proposes the stretch fabrication of ETFE film to verify the applicability of ETFE films to tensile membrane structures. First of all, to investigate the possibility of application on tensile membrane structures, the stretch fabrication test is carried out, and it is verified that it is possible to increase the yield strength of the film membrane structures. After simulating the experiment also carries out an analytical investigation, and the effectiveness of the elasto-plastic analysis considering the viscous behavior of the film is investigated. Finally, post-aging tension measurement is conducted at the experimental facilities, and the viscosity behavior resulting from relaxation is investigated with respect to tensile membrane structures.

유기 포도재배가 늘어남에 따라 이마점애매미충(Arboridia maculifrons), 이슬애매미충(A. maculifrons), 검은볼애매미충(A. nigrigena)의 발생이 늘어나고, 농가에서 방제의 어려움을 격고 있다. 애매미충류는 포도잎을 가해하는 노린재목 흡즙성 해충으로 약충과 성충 모두 엽록소를 파괴하기 때문에 광합성효율을 떨어뜨리고, 당·산도 함량 및 착색 등에 영향을 미치는 대표적 미소해충 중의 하나이다. 애매미충류의 친환경적인 방제를 위해 완전 비가림하우스에서 접착트랩 색에 대한 유인효과를 검정하였다. 검정결과 yellow>blue,purple,white>red 순으로 유인반응을 보였다 실내에서 모니터링 상자를 이용한 LED(Light emitting diode) 반응은 white> green>blue>yellow>red 순으로 유인 반응을 보였으며, 포장시험에서도 white의 효과가 인정되어 일몰후 1시간, 일몰후 2시간, 19~21시로 나누어 야간 시간대별 LED 유인효과를 분석해 본 결과 야간온도가 25℃이상에서 유인효과가 인정되었으며, 20℃이하에서는 유인효과가 없었다. 이는 미소해충이 운동을 위해 필요한 에너지가 기온과 관련이 있기 때문으로 생각된다.