This study investigated the impact of 26 EFL college students’ familiarity levels with the visual information of TOEIC listening test items on test scores and test performance procedure. Data collected measured students’ degree of familiarity with the visuals via a pre-test and their listening test scores, and responses to the post-test questionnaire were analyzed. To analyze the data, one-way ANOVA was conducted to locate the interdependency between the students’ familiarity levels with visuals and their test scores. Results found that there was no statistically significant differences in test scores regardless of the students’ levels of familiarity with the visuals. Additionally, the correlations between the familiarity with the visuals and the students’ test scores were low. However, the students experienced difficulties with unfamiliar visuals while taking the test. These findings indicate that, although test-takers’ familiarity with visuals does not predict their listening test scores, there is a need to tailor the visuals when developing listening test-items.

This study aims to analyze research trends in Korean listening education for academic purposes, and suggest for future research directions. For this purpose, this study consulted a total of 57 pre-existing studies, including 32 articles in academic journals, 21 masters’ theses, and four doctoral dissertations conducted from 2005 through December 2021. The results are as follows: First, to examine the trends by year and type, comparing the 2010s to the 2000s when the research began. It was found that the number of studies greatly increased in the 2010s, and the frequency of studies in the 2020s tend to increase further. Second, as a result of an analysis of the trends by topic, it was found that teaching and learning methods were most studied and that there were also many studies concerned with strategy. However, there were relatively fewer studies on evaluation and curriculum. Third, this study aimed to examine trends by research method. It was found that the studies mostly employed the survey method, followed by quantitative mixed method and experimental approaches. Consequently, it was noted that the quantitative research methods were most widely used in the field of listening to Korean for academic purposes, and at the same time, since all studies that used mixed research methods employed another research method along with the survey method, it was found that the use of the survey method was the dominant type of quantitative research method.

The purpose of this study is to explore inter-grade dividing criteria of the 2015 grade group elementary English textbooks. Elementary English textbooks consist of two grade groups: the 3rd and 4th grade group and the 5th and 6th grade group. L2 Syntactic Complexity Analyzer(L2SCA) is utilized to investigate the dividing criteria of the communicative functions implemented in these textbooks. Subjects of the analysis were the listening dialogues for their structural sequencing of 3rd to 4th graders and 5th to 6th graders separately within their own grade groups. Data were processed and analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and independent sample t tests for inter-grade textbooks for 14 L2SCA statistical indices. The findings are: 6 indices out of the 14 L2SCA statistical indices turn out to be critical for dividing the 2015 grade group elementary English textbooks. The 6 indices are mean clause length, mean sentence length, mean t-unit length, mean complex noun phrasal number per phrase and per t-unit and mean number of verb phrases per t-unit. Based on the findings, it is suggested that a standardized criteria derived from these 6 indices can be provided as an inter-grade dividing criteria of the 2015 grade group elementary English textbooks.

The present study examines the features of communicative functions in middle school English textbooks, identifying whether or not they are presented based on the spiral structure. It also compares the communicative functions of 15 different middle school English textbooks and investigates whether the National English Listening Tests (NELTs) reflect the communicative functions presented in the textbooks. Two corpora were compiled using the 15 middle school English textbooks and the NELTs, and they were analyzed using WordSmith Tools. The results show that all the textbooks included communicative functions that the National Curriculum recommends; however, the textbooks presented a limited number of functions. Nonetheless, the communicative functions were presented relatively in a spiral way. The majority number of communicative functions in the textbooks and the NELTs were similar to each other, but there were some functions in the tests that were not covered in the textbooks. These results imply that more diverse communicative functions should be included in textbooks in order to help improve students’ communicative competence. The communicative functions not presented in the textbooks should not be included in the NELTs.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of information transferring activity on listening comprehension and the affective domains of high school students. A total of 140 students participated in this study, and they were divided into two groups: The control group taught to follow traditional listening instruction, and the experimental group taught to transfer information in listening text to visual materials. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in understanding aural texts between the two groups, indicating the positive effects of the use of information transfer technique on listening comprehension. In addition, short-answer and multiple choice techniques produced different results, suggesting a significant test method effect on test results. Lastly, the participants provided generally positive responses to the usefulness of information transfer technique.

This study examined the effect of active and passive listening condition on young children's musical understanding of familiar and unfamiliar melody through researcher-invented notation. All subjects in this study were Korean children from 3 to 5 years of ages in a private prekindergarten in Seoul Korea. A pre-and posttest experimental design guided this study, which was conducted for five consecutive weeks, including three treatment sessions between pre-and posttest sessions in summer of 2009. The following research questions for the study were posed: 1) Is there a significant difference in young children's apparent understanding of tempo when comparing active and passive listening condition? and 2) Is there a significant difference in young children's apparent understanding of tempo according to familiarity of the melody? Listening conditions (independent variable) in this study were the presence or absence of body movement while children listened to short musical examples. The children's apparent musical understanding of tempo (independent variable) was captured through children's guided drawings that indicated where they understood tempo changes to occur in the music. The drawings were evaluated by three independent judges who scored four drawings for each child: for familiar and unfamiliar melodies in both the pre-and posttest. A two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the scores. The results revealed that there is no statistically significant difference between treatment and control groups, between familiar and unfamiliar melody, and no difference with the interaction of group and melody familiarity. Therefore, the null hypotheses for this study were accepted.

본 논문은 베토벤(Ludwig van Beethoven, 1770-1827)의 <피아노 소나타, Op.26> 제2악장 스케르초에 나타나는 로망스에 관한 내용을 다룬 것으로 로망스란 프라이의 4가지 내러티브 원형(로망스, 비극, 아이러니, 코메디) 가운데 하나이다. 로망스 내러티브를 위한 분석방법으로는 믹즈닉과 리츠카, 타라스티의 방법을 수용⋅확장한 알멘의 “내러티브 이론”을 바탕으로 삼았다. 아울러 쉔커식 분석 이론이 갖는 음악구조에 대한 ‘거시적 통찰’의 장점을 활용하여 음악표현에 내재한 의미적 단서뿐 아니라, 거시적 형태의 동기적 관련성을 조망함으로써 알멘과 구분되는 필자의 내러티브를 제시하고자 하였다. 베토벤 <피아노 소나타, Op.26> 제2악장 스케르초가 로망스 내러티브 원형임을 판단하는 것은 두 가지 측면에서 이루어졌다. 한 가지는 조성구조의 측면에서이고 다른 한 가지는 형태론적 측면에서이다. 베토벤 스케르초가 갖는 조성의 유표성은 작품이 갖는 고유한 특징으로서 다른 조성들의 견제 속에서 으뜸조성으로 복귀되는 전형적인 로망스의 특징을 나타낸다. 또한 제스처들과 음형 등의 형태론적 분석을 통하여 갈등 요소들이 시간적 차원을 거쳐 스케르초 로망스의 의미적 관점을 수립하는 내러티브의 틀을 이루어감을 알 수 있다.

This study is to investigate the relationship between teaching and testing restricted on English listening comprehension processing. 726 listening activities in three textbooks of High School English and 80 questions in four nationwide English listening comprehension tests for high-school first grades were analyzed and classified into micro-skill categories of top-down, bottom-up and interactive processing. The results revealed that the tests put emphasis on the top-down processing in contrast to overemphasis of the textbooks on the bottom-up processing, whereas interactive processing took up a small portion both in the textbooks and tests. While the number of questions requiring bottom-up processing reduced in the tests, all the questions of bottom-up processing were focused only on one specific micro-skill, comprehending details. Further, despite diverse demonstrations of top-down micro-skills, each micro-skill question for top-down processing in the tests took some specific forms, which might lead students only to studying for preparation for the specific forms rather than for enhancing general comprehension abilities. Further pedagogical suggestions and implications for listening teaching were suggested.

This study aims to investigate the effects of various types of input modification on English listening comprehension by Korean high school students. The participants of the study were assigned to three different types of listening input: one time listening, repetitive listening, and elaboration. They listened to five types of genres such as descriptive, narrative, comparison/contrast, causal/evaluation, and problem/solution This study examined how these different types of input and genres affect the students’ listening comprehension in terms of comprehension of main ideas and details, and inference, The results of the study revealed that different types of input modification and repetition influenced the students’ listening comprehension. For instance, repetitive listening and elaboration did not have a significant effect on the high-level students’ listening comprehension, whereas these types of input resulted in improvement in the low-level students’ listening comprehension. In addition, different input types had effects on the students’ listening comprehension according to the students’ proficiency levels. On the basis of the results, some pedagogical implications on the teaching of listening skills are presented.

The goal of this study was to explore foreign language learner anxiety and strategy use associated with English listening and reading. For the purpose of the study, 98 high school freshmen took the test designed to measure their listening and reading comprehension. The participants were also asked to respond to the questionnaire items constructed to measure their anxiety and strategy use in English listening and reading. For data analysis, correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed. The study found that the students’ listening and reading anxiety showed strong, inverse correlations with their listening and reading proficiency. The students’ listening and reading skills were found to be more influenced by anxiety than by strategy use. The findings of the study are presented and discussed in more detail. The pedagogical implications of the findings are also discussed, along with some suggestions for future research.

The purpose of this study is to investigate some problems about College Scholastic Ability Test(CSAT) on English listening and suggest its new approaches in the future. A survey, which was composed of 48 English teachers and 63 college students, was conducted to know about their opinions of the listening test. The results are as follows. First, the listening test is very important in learning English language, but it is not required to spend much time and efforts in listening class on account of its unvaried question pattern and lack of transferring into speaking ability. Second, the test should increase the number of the question and its total score. Third, it is necessary to provide the various questions related to the real life of English speaking countries implying not only linguistic knowledge but also non-linguistic knowledge like situation, socio-cultural background, and world knowledge. Fourth, sound phenomena may also be an important part in the listening test.