상수도 슬러지(WSPS)를 분화용 배지로 활용하고자 피트모스 와 휠라이트의 혼합상토에 WSPS를 다른 비융로 혼합하여 HederG helix를 식재 60일과 90일 후 생장과 무기원소함량올 조사하였다. 식재 전 배지의 유기물함량은 WSPS가 혼합된 처리구에서 대조구 에 비해 다소 높게 나타났고 유효인산은 전반적으로 WSPS가혼합 된 배지에서 낮게 나타났다. 질산태질소의 함량은 WSPS가 부피비 로 각각 25，50%가 합유된 처리구에서 높게 나타났다. 처리 후 60일과 90일이 경과한 후, 초장과 엽수，지상부 생체중은 대조구와 CW구에서 통계적￡로 유의성이 없었으나 분지수는 CW구가 가 장 높게 나타났다. 식물체 부위별 미량원소 함량은 Fe과 Mn에서 대조구에 비해 WSPS가 혼합된 배지에서 높았고 특히 Fe는 지상 부보다지히부에서 10배 가까이 높게 나타났다. 중금속의 경우，Cd 는 모든 처리구에서 검출되지 않았으며 Pb는 WSPS가 혼합된 배지에서 미량으로 검출되었다. 이상의 결과에서 WSPS는 H. helix 의 재배용 배지로 이용가능성이 높을 것으로 판단된다.

In this research, equilibrium of adsorption and kinetics of As(V) removal were investigated. The coal mine drainage sludge(CMDS) was used as adsorbent. To find out the physical and chemical properties of CMDS, XRD (X-ray diffraction), XRF (X-ray fluorescence spectrometer) analysis were carried out. The CMDS was consist of 70% of goethite and 30% of calcite. From the results, an adsorption mechanism of As(V) with CMDS was dominated by iron oxides. Langmuir adsorption isotherm model was fitted well more than Freundlich isotherm adsorption model. Adsorption capacities of CMDS 1 was not different with CMDS 2 on aspect of amounts of arsenic adsorbed. The maximum adsorption amount of two CMDS were respectively 40.816, 39.682 mg/g. However, the kinetic of two CMDS was different. The kinetic was followed pseudo second order model than pseudo first order model. Concentrations of arsenic in all segments of the polymer in CMDS 2 does not have a constant value, but the rate was greater than the value of CMDS 1. Therefore, CMDS 2, which is containing polymer, is more effective for adsorbent to remove As(V).

The behavior of copper throughout the whole process of wastewater treatment plant that uses the activated sludge process to treat the wastewater of petrochemical industry that contains low concentration of copper was investigated. Total inflow rate of wastewater that flows into the aeration tank was 697 m3/day with 0.369 mg/L of copper concentration, that is, total copper influx was 257.2 g/day. The ranges of copper concentrations of the influent to the aeration tank and effluent from the one were 0.315 ~ 0.398 mg/L and 0.159 ~ 0.192 mg/L, respectively. The average removal rate of copper in the aeration tank was 50.8 %. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of copper by microbes in the aeration tank was 3,320. The accumulated removal rate of copper throughout the activated sludge process was 71.3%, showing a high removal ratio by physical and chemical reactions in addition to biosorption by microbes. The concentration of copper in the solid dehydrated by filter press ranged from 74.8 mg/kg to 77.2 mg/kg and the concentration of copper by elution test of waste was 2.690 ~ 2.920 mg/L. It was judged that the copper concentration in dehydrated solid by bioconcentration could be managed with the control of that in the influent.

This pilot study evaluated fueling feasibility of sewage sludge, which contains a large amount of water content, by applying melting of thermoplastic polyethylene (PE). This study has identified a simultaneous achievement of drying and heating value improvement of the sewage sludge. The sewage sludge collected from a sewage sludge treatment plant during a winter period had a water content of 83.7 wt%, a combustible volatile content of 12.5 wt%, and an ash content of 3.8 wt%. The higher heating value (HHV) of the dried sewage sludge, before impregnation or coating of PE, was 4,600 kcal/kg. The collected sewage sludge was immersed into the melted PE solution, which had a HHV of 11,070 kcal/kg, and kept immersing with increasing reaction time. As the reaction (immersing or coating or impregnation) time increased, the water content of the sludge decreased. However, the HHV of the sludge increased with increasing the reaction time. The HHVs of the sewage sludge immersed or dipped into the melted PE solution for 15 min ranged from 6,780 to 8,170 kcal/kg with water content less than 7 wt%. This result indicates the melted PE solution can be utilized as an improvement technology for dryness and heating value of the sewage sludge with high water content. The sewage sludge impregnated or coated with melted PE can be utilized as potential fuel or energy resources.

CRT 브라운관 패널의 연마과정에서 배출되는 폐연마슬러지로부터 석류석 등의 연마재를 회수하고, 연마성능을 평가하였다. 재활용 부석과 석류석으로 연마한 유리의 평균표면거칠기값(Ra = 0.025μm, = 0.029μm)은 새 연마재로 연마한 유리에서의 값(Ra = 0.039μm, 0.031μm)보다 작았으며 표면의 선이나 홈도 적었다. 루즈의 경우 유리 파편이 혼입되어 연마재로 재활용하기에는 적합하지 않다. 본 기술을 이용하여 폐연마슬러지에 함유된 천연연마재 광물자원인 부석과 석류석을 회수한다면 CRT 유리 연마공정에서 재활용할 수 있고, 슬러지 매립으로 발생되는 처리비용과 환경오염문제를 줄일 수 있을 것이다.

Sludge minimization from wastewater treatment plant is becoming more important to save disposal costs and to contribute to sustainable development. For the reduction of sludge production, solubilization and dewaterability of sludge are important factors in sludge processing. Ultrasonic treatment has been used to enhance sludge solubility and dewaterability with anaerobic digestion sludge, primary sludge, and activated sludge. At the ultrasonic power of 0.2 kW/L for 1 hour, anaerobic sludge and activated sludge showed higher solubilization efficiency than the primary sludge in terms of COD, proteins, and suspended solids. Ultrasonic treatment decreased sludge dewaterability and sludge settling characteristics up to 720 kJ/L of ultrasonic energy. In conclusion, ultrasonic treatment was effective for sludge solubilization but it deteriorate dewaterability (specific resistance) and settling characteristics (SVI) of sludge at the experimental conditions.

In this study, to stabilize the heavy metal in the contaminated soils, the column leaching test based on rainfall and pH value was performed by using coal mine drainage sludge(CMDS): which was generated during electrical purification of abandoned coal mine wastewater. Four types of testing column were used in this study. That were the CMDS and the heavy metal contaminated soils well mixed in 0 wt%, 1 wt%, 3 wt% and 3 wt% layered column. According to the investigation, when the influent pH was 5.5∼6.2, there were no heavy metal elution at all conditions, and when the influent pH was 3∼3.3, the order of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr elution concentration was 3 wt% M(mixed)＜3 wt% S(separation)＜1 wt% M＜0 wt% and the average elution concentration was quite low, the value was 0.005 mg/L. Therefore, CMDS can used as new stabilizer of the heavy metal in the contaminated soils.

The activated sludge obtained from wastewater coke oven plant was immobilized by entrapment with polyethylene glycol (PEG). The effects of several factors on the biodegradation of CN- from synthetic wastewater were investigated using batch and continuous reactors. The degradation rate of CN- increased with increasing of the immobilized bead volume in the reactor. Approximately 7.65 mg/L of NH4-N was produced upon the degradation of 35 mg/L of CN-. When high concentrations of the toxic cyanide complex were used in the testing of cyanide degradation, the free activated sludge could be inhibited more than that of the immobilized activated sludge. When the phenol concentration was higher than 400 mg/L in the synthetic wastewater, approximately 98.4% of CN- was removed within 42 hours by the immobilized activated sludge. However, the cyanide was not completely degraded by the free activated sludge. This indicates that high phenol concentrations can act as a toxic factor for the free activated sludge. A CN- concentration of less than 1 mg/L was achieved by the immobilized sludge at the loading rate of 0.025 kg CN-/m3-d. Moreover, it was found that the HRT should be kept for 48 hours in order to obtain stable treatment conditions.