South Korea has led the global online game markets successfully in the mobile game platform based social network service with commercialization and showed the potential of the mobile game market. Currently, Korea's game industry is accelerating the global expansion for the mobile game market based on online game technology and mobile infrastructure. However, recently as mobile games attract attention in the mobile business and digital entertainment markets, the competition grows so fast. Cooperation between game developers and publishers have important implications in mobile games as well as online games for competitiveness through selection and concentration. This study was designed to support decision making at the outsourcing for publisher and the development of mobile games with key success factor analysis. The key evaluation factors of the mobile game were extracted through the literature review and expert groups, and then the relative importance between each factor was derived to take advantage of the AHP, Multi-criteria decision method. Differences between the online game and mobile game were analysed in this evaluation process. Also we were able to verify this evaluation model by applying the released mobile game. As a result, accomplishment and gambling in the mobile game was found to be a key factor. Also differentiation factors from online game were social factor, scalability, reliability. Unlike the previous studies which have been focused on online games, this study offers the guideline of the decision making for the business success in the mobile game development and the sourcing, the most important steps in publishing business.

Maritime transport is now regarded as one of the main contributors to global climate change by virtue of its CO2 emissions. Meanwhile, slow steaming, i.e., slower ship speed, has become a common practice in the maritime industry so as to lower CO2 emissions and reduce bunker fuel consumption. The practice raised various operational decision issues in terms of shipping companies: how much ship speed is, how much to bunker the fuel, and at which port to bunker. In this context, this study addresses an operation problem in a shipping companies, which is the problem of determining the ship speed, bunkering ports, and bunkering amount at the ports over a given ship route to minimize the bunker fuel and ship time costs as well as the carbon tax which is a regulatory measure aiming at reducing CO2 emissions. The ship time cost is included in the problem because slow steaming increases transit times, which implies increased in-transit inventory costs in terms of shippers. We formulate the problem as a nonlinear lot-sizing model and suggest a Lagrangian heuristic to solve the problem. The performance of the heuristic algorithm is evaluated using the data obtained from reliable sources. Although the problem is an operational problem, the heuristic algorithm is used to address various strategic issues facing shipping companies, including the effects of bunker prices, carbon taxes, and ship time costs on the ship speed, bunkering amount and number of bunkering ports. For this, we conduct sensitivity analyses of these factors and finally discuss study findings.

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN) has been the most essential organization in Asia. In spite of the world economic crisis, Southeast Asian countries have shown fast economic growth since 2000, and they have been actively expanding investments and trades especially with major countries. Research on competitiveness in ASEAN market has spawned an increasingly large literature, but empirical research on the determinants of Korea’s export to ASEAN is limited. The purpose of this study is to draw out the determinant of Korean fisheries export to ASEAN by carrying out a panel analysis. For achieving such a purpose, pooled OLS, Hausman Test, Fixed Effect, Random Effect are performed. The last 20 years’data over the period of 1995 to 2014 concentrated on the ASEAN 6 countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippine, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam is used in this study. Amount of aquatic products export to ASEAN is used as the dependent variable; real exchange rate, real GDP, relative price level and GDP per capita are used as the explanatory variables and FTA as dummy variable. Empirical results show that fixed-effect analysis is the best model among all the models. As the fixed effect model shows, real exchange rate, real GDP, GDP per capita and dummy variable(FTA) play positive and statistically significant roles in fisheries export to ASEAN, while price variable plays a negative and statistically significant role to the dependent variable.

본 논문은 이자이의 《무반주 바이올린 소나타》 제2번 1악장에 대한 분석이다. 바흐의 《파르티타》 제3번 ‘프렐류드’와 그레고리성가 ‘진노의 날’에서 인용한 선율을 특징으로 하는 이 곡은 과감한 화성과 혁신적인 연주 기법으로 인해 독창적이며 동시에 실험성 짙은 작품으로 평가된다. 그러나 이 악곡이 취하는 소나타 형식의 구조와 디자인은 전통적인 틀 안에서 실험적 요소를 성공적으로 녹여낸 이자이를 절충주의 작곡가로 평가하게 한다. 바흐의 E장조 프렐류드는 이자이에 의해 a단조의 딸림화음으로 재맥락화되어 제1주제로 기능하고 있으며, 선법성 짙은 그레고리성가 역시 그 명맥을 유지한 채 딸림조성인 e단조에서 제2주제로 기능한다. 바흐와 이자이 사이 나타나는 다층적 대조는 유려한 성부진행을 만들며 쉔커가 말하는 소나타 형식의 제시부 조건을 충족시킨다. 거시적 버금딸림화음을 연장하는 발전부는 쉔커가 말한대로, 딸림화음을 향해 진행하지만 46화음을 통한 이례적 접근은 작품이 갖는 독창성을 확보해준다. 으뜸화음의 복귀와 함께 이루어지는 ‘진노의 날’은 재현부의 시작을 알리며, ‘뒤바뀐 소나타 형식’의 디자인을 제안한다. 원조성인 a단조 위에서 펼쳐지는 주제 요소들의 재배열은 바흐와 이자이 사이의 첨예한 대조를 죽음을 향한 비극으로 승화시킨다.

This paper presents a study of the tensile properties of austenitic high-manganese steel specimens with different grain sizes. Although the stacking fault energy, calculated using a modified thermodynamic model, slightly decreased with increasing grain size, it was found to vary in a range of 23.4 mJ/m2 to 27.1 mJ/m2. Room-temperature tensile test results indicated that the yield and tensile strengths increased; the ductility also improved as the grain size decreased. The increase in the yield and tensile strengths was primarily attributed to the occurrence of mechanical twinning, as well as to the grain refinement effect. On the other hand, the improvement of the ductility is because the formation of deformation-induced martensite is suppressed in the high-manganese steel specimen with small grain size during tensile testing. The deformationinduced martensite transformation resulting from the increased grain size can be explained by the decrease in stacking fault energy or in shear stress required to generate deformation-induced martensite transformation.

1960년대 고속도로의 등장 이후 급격한 산업화와 더불어 국내의 도로연장과 교통량 및 중차량 비중의 증가, 기후변화로 인한 집중호우 및 강설 등의 요인으로 포장파손이 가속화되고 있으며 도로의 관리연장 및 노후화 비중의 급증으로 인한 도로유지관리 비용은 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 예로 서울시의 경우, 건설 후 20년 이상으로 노후화되어서 도로유지관리 비용은 2020년 이후에는 도로건설비용을 초과할 것 으로 예상되지만 유지관기 예산은 감소추세에 있어 체계적이고 효율적으로 도로관리를 수행하고자 1999 년부터 도로포장관리시스템(PMS: Pavement Management System)을 도입하여 합리적이고 투명하게 도 로포장유지관리 예산편성을 수행하고 있다. 하지만 서울시의 도로포장유지보수 예산은 포장의 상태가 가 장 나쁜 구간을 우선 보수하는 보수전략(Worst First)으로 파손의 정도가 심한 구간에 절삭 후 고온의 아 스팔트 콘크리트를 생산 및 재포장하는 방법 위주로 진행되고 있어 한정된 도로포장 유지보수 예산 하에 서는 증가되는 노후 및 파손된 도로포장의 상태를 일정한 수준으로 유지하기가 점점 어려워지고 있다. 이 러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 서울시는 미국, 유럽 등 선진국에서 보편화된 예방적 유지보수공법을 도 입하여 도로가 파손되기 전에 미리 예방하여 포장수명을 연장하여 예산을 절감하고자 노력하고 있다. 이 에 본 연구는 서울시에서 시범적으로 적용한 예방적 유지보수공법의 공용성을 평가하고 경제성분석을 실 시하여 예방적유지보수공법의 도로포장 수명연장효과와 이에 따른 예산절감 효과를 검토하였다. 서울시 에 시험 적용한 예방적 유지보수 공법의 공용성 및 경제성을 평가한 결과 도로포장의 상태에 적합한 공법 을 적용하면 도로포장의 공용수명을 효과적으로 연장할 수 있는 것으로 평가되었다. 위의 그림 1과 같이 절삭 덧씌우기 포장을 한경우보다 예방적 유지보수를 활용했을 경우 공용수명이 연 장되는 것을 확인 할 수 있으며 현재 단가로는 경제성 이득을 취할 수 없는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 예방적유지보수 공법별 공용성에 따른 경제성 확보를 위한 적정단가를 제시하였다.

In this paper, a design concept of post-tensioned precast bridge piers was proposed to improve seismic behavior of the bridge pier. Mild reinforcing bars are placed continuously along the height of the column. Prestressing tendons are also provided to obtain re-centering capability for seismic events. Arrangement of the axial steels to prevent buckling of rebars at plastic hinge region was suggested and enhanced seismic performance was verified by experiments. Moment-curvature analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of effective prestress on seismic behavior after verifying the calculation method by cyclic tests of the precast columns. A real bridge pier was designed to investigate the seismic performance according to different level of effective prestress. Level of effective prestress showed obvious effect on crushing displacement but negligible effect on lateral displacement at fracture of tendons and reinforcements.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a substantial theory that explains the experiences of divorced women and the decisionmaking process before divorce. Methods: Data collection and analysis were conducted according to the grounded theory methodology. Data collection was performed through in-depth interviews and observations, which was recorded and transcribed verbatim by consent of the participants. The period of data collection was from December 2003 to October 2004, and the participants were 8 divorced women who had not remarried. Results: The core concept of this study was 'searching for one's real self' not 'an imposed self'. The decision-making process consisted of two phases and six stages. The factors that had an influence on the decision- making process of divorce were causal factors (risk factor of marriage), contextual factors (problems during marriage life), and intervening factors ('factors against divorce' and 'factors for divorce'). Conclusion: The findings of this study were expected to be useful in establishing effective nursing strategy and intervention suited for each stages of the decision making process on divorce.

Silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO-34) zeolite membranes (pore diameter of 0.38nm) have shown high tendency in separation of light gas mixtures. In this work, SAPO-34 membranes were synthesized under various conditions such as different seed, the composition of coating gel and temperature. Membranes prepared by secondary growth method were analyzed using SEM and XRD for the morphology; and gas properties which were tested using a homemade single gas testing apparatus. The crystallinity was improved by the addition of dipropyl amine as an additional structure directing agent (SDA) and also the membrane show nitrogen selectivity in response. Nitrogen selective membranes show a high gas permeance (above 2000 GPU) and low selectivity (max 2.25).

Assessment of noise exposed population is to check the environment noise level and social influence in order to reduce the risks such as annoyance and disturbance that are generated by environmental noise. Also, this method suggests the preferential noise abatement policy and action plan by accurately finding the area that the noise causes harmful effect to human health. Recently, a noise map, which can predict noise in comprehensive area, is used for the assessment of noise exposed population, breaking from the methods using existing measures. In particular, countermeasure for noise can be considered more effectively by using assessment methods of noise exposed population for specific noise level, area, and building types which are the main input factors in noise maps. In this study, we propose noise reduction ranking decision at manufacturing process of metal material products due to noise map.

With the increasing popularity of nonprofit thrift shopping, new marketing strategies are needed to respond to accelerated competition in the secondhand market. To help guide the development of marketing strategies for nonprofit thrift stores, this study aims to identify factors impacting consumers’ buying behavior for secondhand fashion items sold in nonprofit thrift stores. Specifically, this study investigated 1) the effects of secondhand fashion selection criteria (i.e., design, brand name, lower price) and personal factors (i.e., gender, household income, beliefs about environment) on the secondhand fashion consumption experience in nonprofit thrift stores and 2) the moderating effects of point of purchase (POP) messages (i.e., “50% Off Sale,” “New Arrivals,” “Helping Others”) on the relationships between purchase intention and impulsive buying in nonprofit thrift stores. An online survey was used to collect the data, and a total of 197 usable responses were received. The results showed that 1) gender, household income, beliefs about environment, and brand name affected the secondhand fashion consumption experience and 2) the POP message “Helping Others” negatively moderated the relationship between purchase intention and impulsive buying in nonprofit thrift stores. These results can help nonprofit thrift stores’ managers to develop effective marketing strategies to increase their profits, which can be used to accomplish their mission of addressing social issues.

In order to use coal tar pitch (CTP) as a raw material for carbon fibers, it should have suitable properties such as a narrow range of softening point, suitable viscosity and uniform optical properties. In this study, raw CTP was modified by heat treatment with three types of polymer additives (PS, PET, and PVC) to make a spinnable pitch for carbon fibers. The yield, softening point, C/H ratio, insoluble yield, and meso-phase content of various modified CTPs with polymer additives were analyzed by changing the type of polymer additive and the heat treatment temperature. The purpose of this study was to compare the properties of CTPs modified by polymer addition with those of a commercial CTP. After the pitch spinning, the obtained green fibers were stabilized and carbonized. The properties of the respective fibers were analyzed to compare their uniformity, diameter change, and mechanical properties. Among three polymer additives, PS220 and PET261 pitches were found to be spinnable, but the carbon fibers from PET261 showed mechanical properties comparable with those of a commercial CTP produced by an air-blowing method (OCI284). The CTPs modified with polymer additive had higher β-resin fractions than the CTP with only thermal treatment indicating a beneficial effect of carbon fiber application.

지난 2015년 7월 30일 헌법재판소에서 신상정보 등록정보를 20년간 보존·관리하도록 규정한 성폭력특례법 제45조 제1항에 대하여 헌법불 합치 결정을 하였다. 이에 동규정의 개정이 필요하게 되었고, 법무부에서 성폭력특례법 개정시안을 마련하여, 지난 2016년 2월 25일 그에 대한 공청회가 이루어졌다. 헌법재판소의 판단은 비록 신상정보등록제도가 성범죄자의 재범을 억 제하고 수사의 효율성을 제고하기 위하여, 신상정보를 제출받아 보존· 관리하는 것으로 정당한 목적을 위한 적합한 수단이라고 하더라도, 성폭 력범죄자의 재범위험성으로 인해 향후 발생할 수 있는 재범을 방지하기 위해 도입된 제도라는 점에서 재범위험성에 대한 구체적인 평가 없이 획 일적으로 그리고 장기간 신상정보를 등록·관리하는 것은 기본권을 침해 한다는 것으로 모아진다. 이러한 신상정보등록제도의 법적 성격에 대하여 헌법재판소는 보안처 분의 일종으로 파악하고 있는 듯하나, 신상정보등록제도를 통해 성범죄 에 대한 효율적 수사를 기대할 수는 있어도, 신상정보등록이라는 심리적 부담을 통한 재범억제의 효과를 기대하기는 어렵다는 점에서 신상정보등 록제도를 독립적인 보안처분적 성격을 갖는 제재로 보기보다는 대상자에 게 해당 정보의 등록의무와 변동 시 갱신의무를 부과하는 준수사항으로 보는 것이 적절하다고 생각한다. 이러한 관점에서 성폭력특례법 개정시안에서 제시한 등록대상범죄를 먼저 성범죄와 성폭력범죄로 구분하고, 신상정보등록제도라는 준수사항 이 부과되는 기본제재의 법적 성격에 따라 그 대상범죄를 차별화하는 것 이 필요하다고 본다. 등록기간과 관련하여서도 아무런 경험적 분석 없이 장기화하기 보다는 중간심사를 통한 등록면제제도의 실질적인 효과를 달 성하기 위한 최소등록기간을 정하고, 지나치게 장기화하는 것은 피해야 할 것으로 본다. 무엇보다도 현재 성폭력특례법과 아동청소년성보호법에 흩어져 있는 신상정보 등록·공개제도를 성폭력특례법에 일원화하면서 체계적이고 종합적인 개정작업이 이루어져야 할 것으로 본다.

In the manufacturing industry fields, thousands of quality characteristics are measured in a day because the systems of process have been automated through the development of computer and improvement of techniques. Also, the process has been monitored in database in real time. Particularly, the data in the design step of the process have contributed to the product that customers have required through getting useful information from the data and reflecting them to the design of product. In this study, first, characteristics and variables affecting to them in the data of the design step of the process were analyzed by decision tree to find out the relation between explanatory and target variables. Second, the tolerance of continuous variables influencing on the target variable primarily was shown by the application of algorithm of decision tree, C4.5. Finally, the target variable, loss, was calculated by a loss function of Taguchi and analyzed. In this paper, the general method that the value of continuous explanatory variables has been used intactly not to be transformed to the discrete value and new method that the value of continuous explanatory variables was divided into 3 categories were compared. As a result, first, the tolerance obtained from the new method was more effective in decreasing the target variable, loss, than general method. In addition, the tolerance levels for the continuous explanatory variables to be chosen of the major variables were calculated. In further research, a systematic method using decision tree of data mining needs to be developed in order to categorize continuous variables under various scenarios of loss function.

As one of recent issues in the information and communication industry, internet of things has attracted attention to provide intelligent infrastructure services which connect and share data and information between real and virtual world. According to the development of these internet of things technologies, types of machines, telecommunication devices, and terminals are increasing tremendously. In this situation, connectivity and interoperability between internet of things components are important issues to build a hyper connected society. To visualize this society, it is important to set up and develop information and communication technology (ICT) standards among stakeholders. However, under limited budget and human resources, it is essential to rank standardization work items for setting standards with respect to efficiency. The purpose of this study is to provide a method for setting standardization strategies within group decision making. As a multi-criteria group decision making tool, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is adopted and applied to determine the priorities of setting work items. The proposed method first defines decision making problem with objective, criteria, and alternatives which produces a hierarchy consisting of upper and lower criteria. Then, pairwise comparisons of academy and public sector experts are performed with respect to their relative meaning and importance. Individual surveys of expert groups are collected and summarized to determine relative criteria importance measures. Furthermore, to deliver reliable importance criteria measures, differences between academy and public sector expert groups are compared and tested using Mann-Whitney non-parametric test. The results are illustrated for useful guidelines to practical group decision making in standardization strategy establishments.

This paper empirically studies foreign investor investment decision-making factors of game industry. First of all, I couldn´t find many significant results relation to business performance. In terms of safety, The negative(-) relationship could be found between current ration, debt ration and foreign ownership. The growth(growth rate of sales, net profit growth rate) showed positive(+) relationship with foreign ownership. In terms of profitability, Between ROE, ROA and foreign ownership also showed positive(+) relationship . Finally, the R&D investments and weight of export are positive(+) related to foreign ownership. In this results, I can conjecture about foreign investor focus on Safety , Growth , Profitability. especially, can be inferred that R&D and weight of export factors attract foreign investors.

In 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping put forward to build “Silk Road Economic Belt”and "21st Century Maritime Silk Road”(One Belt One Road). “One Belt One Road” would also directly contribute to the continues growth of China's FDI. FDI is one of the key issues in the process of economic development all around the world. With the rapid development of China-Korea economic, the FDI between Korea and China is particularly attracting extensive attention. In this paper, by using South Korea to China's FDI as a carrier, the determinants of FDI from South Korea to China has been studies under conditions of both practical evidences and experience. In the aspect of practical evidence, green data KTL is introduced timely along with the use of PANELDATA data, which is the product with the development of global green economy, knowledge and technological innovation has been imported to econometric model as determinants. On the other hand, the FDI from China to Korea has been analyzed while with its successful experience. Results shows that GDP (market and the scale of economies), TIEC (Industrial clusters and regional attraction), WAGE (cost and factors), KTL (knowledge innovation and technology) are the determinants of South Korea to China's FDI. Selecting the target stage by stage, implementation of the Chinese localization, taking resource-oriented and making reasonable choice of business focus, concentrating its attention to technology innovation and patent protection is South Korea's successful experience to outward FDI.