The present research examined the technological trends in optimizing the gasification of waste. Generally, when the percentage of impurities in waste is high, the energy density is low. High-temperature and high-pressure steam is difficult to obtain during energy recovery in incineration. Therefore, the energy recovery rate is low. However, if reaction conditions were optimized in gasification technology, it would be possible to produce synthetic gas with a high percentage of CO and H2. With regard to synthetic gas, there are many different types of energy recovery (steam turbines, gas turbines, gas engines) other than incineration, and it is possible to improve the recovery ratio through gas cleaning. Technologies that have the potential to optimize gasification in each phase were studied. With regard to domestic industry, optimization technology should be applied when planning and operating waste gasification.

This paper examined energy consumption distribution by process and energy production-effect of MBT facilities inKorea. Generally, facilities that use fossil fuels for drying consumed energy about 70~80% in drying and exhaust gasestreatment process and energy distribution was heavily affected a position of drying and a kind of fuel. Energy production-effect by the ratio of input-energy to output-energy ranged from 4.54 to 9.60, however, if generation efficiency is reflected,it was standardized to low levels from 3.10~3.77. So we were able to confirm that the superiority of energy production-effect between facilities is not considerable.

This study describes the design and corrosion-resistant materials for a high-efficiency waste-to-energy (WtE) plant. WtEtechnology is one of the most robust and effective alternative energy options to reduce CO2 emissions and to conservelimited fossil fuel resources, which are used by traditional power plants. The recently published 3rd edition of the CEWEP(confederation of european waste-to-energy plants) energy efficiency report demonstrated the energy efficiency criterion(R1 formula) that was introduced in the waste framework directive and has proven to be an incentive for WtE plants inEurope to improve their energy efficiency. The design combines the optimal use of the corrosion resistant properties ofinconel with an efficient boiler design (Amsterdam) and turbine layout. It uses a steam-steam reheater to realize thisefficiency as well as high availability and low maintenance. The high-efficiency WtE plant is an economical choice thatmakes a very positive contribution to sustainable electricity production.

가스화는 산소가 불충분한 상태에서 폐기물, 바이오매스와 같은 원료물질에 열을 가하여 가연성 가스(합성가스)로 발생시키는 열화학적 전환 공정이다. 합성가스는 주로 CO, H₂ 성분이 혼합되어있다. 중･소규모의 폐기물, 바이오매스 가스화 시스템은 합성가스를 생산하여 열과 전기를 생산하는데 이용한다. 그러나 천연가스나 석탄을 이용한 합성가스 생산 공정에서는 이미 고부가가치의 액체 연료를 생산하는 공정이 상업운전 중에 있다. 국내에서도 납사 및 중유 가스화를 통해 합성가스를 생산하여 초산, 수소 등의 고부가가치 물질을 생산 중에 있다. 본 연구에서는 초산 제조공정에서 원료물질로 이용하는 CO를 폐기물 가스화를 통한 합성가스 내의 CO로 대체하고자 하는 시스템을 개발하고자 한다. 고정층 방식의 가스화 용융로에 U지역 사업장 폐기물을 원료물질로 하고 산화제는 산소를 이용하여 가스화 실험을 실시하였다. 수분 14.6%, 가연분 58.4%, 회분 27.0%, 저위발열량 3,158 kcal/kg의 특성을 가지는 U지역 사업장 폐기물을 이용한 결과 합성가스의 CO+H₂의 농도가 60% 이상 안정적으로 생산되는 것을 확인할 수 있어, 가연성 가스를 고부가가치 화학원료로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다

The waste treatment cost and energy production benefit of Wonju city RDF plant, the first RDF manufacturing plant in Korea, were investigated in this study. All plant operation data, like total weight of received wastes, produced RDF and separated rejects in processes have been fully recorded for mass balance calculation of the plant. Also all consumed oil and electricity have been recorded for energy balance calculation. The results showed that the waste treatment cost not included the RDF sales price of 25,000 won/ton-RDF was 139,316 won/ton-MSW and it went down to 128,640 won when included the RDF price in 2011. Produced RDF was 42.7% of total received waste in weight. Three components analysis by mass balance calculation of total received waste showed that Wonju city's MSW was 34.0% of combustible, 35.0% of water and 31% of incombustible respectively. Energy effect was found that total amount of produced energy was about 4 times more than that of consumed energy. Analysis data for 5 years since 2007 were summarized and shown in this study.