Malaria is notorious disease to transmitted by Anopheline mosquitoes. In Korea, Plasmodium vivax malaria was re-introduce in 1993 and exceed to more than 4,000 cases in early 2000s. Based upon our control efforts, it was sharply decreased and diagnosis 576 cases in last year. We made Action Plan in this year for certification of malaria elimination by WHO until year 2024. In this plan, we need to strengthen our capacity of vector surveillance and control. For vector surveillance, we will introduce daily mosquito population monitoring system. In 2020, every malaria high risk area install two mosquito counters and send information to main server. For vector control, we will try building capacity of malaria mosquito control people in the Public Health center and military section. To decrease no. of mosquitoes, we will concentrate our resource to cattle shed, which is main blood source of Anopheline mosquitoes. Based on the ecological characteristic of Anopheline, we will adopt Integrate Vector management (IVM) including physical, chemical and biological method. Based on the reconciliation with North Korea, we will support technical and material support for malaria elimination.

Galaxy clusters are known to host many active galaxies (AGNs) with radio jets, which could expand to form radio bubbles with relativistic electrons in the intracluster medium (ICM). It has been suggested that fossil relativistic electrons contained in remnant bubbles from extinct radio galaxies can be re-accelerated to radio-emitting energies by merger-driven shocks via diffusive shock acceleration (DSA), leading to the birth of radio relics detected in clusters. In this study we assume that such bubble consist primarily of thermal gas entrained from the surrounding medium and dynamically-insignificant amounts of relativistic electrons. We also consider several realistic models for magnetic fields in the cluster outskirts, including the ICM field that scales with the gas density as BICM ∝ n0.5 ICM. Then we perform time-dependent DSA simulations of a spherical shock that runs into a lower-density but higher-temperature bubble with the ratio nb/nICM ≈ TICM/Tb ≈ 0.5. We find that inside the bubble the shock speed increases by about 20 %, but the Mach number decreases by about 15% in the case under consideration. In this re-acceleration model, the observed properties of a radio relic such as radio flux, spectral index, and integrated spectrum would be governed mainly by the presence of seed relativistic electrons and the magnetic field profile as well as shock dynamics. Thus it is crucial to understand how fossil electrons are deposited by AGNs in the ICM and how the downstream magnetic field evolves behind the shock in detailed modeling of radio relics.

17세기 프랑스 고전주의 미학의 정립 과정에서 주요한 역할을 수행했던 니콜라스 푸생과 샤를르 르 브룅 그리고 앙드레 펠리비앙은 공통적으로 세밀한 소묘와 명확한 양식에 의해 창출되는 이성적 미의 개념을 강조했다. 이들은 회화 작업 과정에서 소묘와 색채는 각기 다른 기능과 역할을 수행하며 두개의 표현 수단이 지닌 가치 또한 상이하다는 주장을 펼쳤다. 소묘는 지적이며 이성적인 영역에 속하고 색채는 물질적이며 기술적 작업이라는 것이 이들의 생각이었다. 회회 작업에서 소묘와 색채 간의 우월 관계를 규정하면서 소묘 중심적인 회화 이론을 왕립 미술아카데미의 규범으로 채택하려는 이들의 시도는 색채 논쟁을 불러일으키는 계기가 되었다. 1670년대 프랑스 왕립 미술아카데미에서 시작된 색채 논쟁은 소묘를 중시여기는 고전주의 화가 및 미술 이론가들과 색채 미학의 추종자들 간의 미학적 대립을 의미한다. 본 논문에서는 1660년대 프랑스 고전주의 미학이 정립되던 시점에서 1700년대 초 로코코 미학이 태동하던 시기 사이 프랑스 미술계에서 이루어진 루벤스 작품에 관한 해석과 평가 그리고 수용 과정을 색채 논쟁과 로제 드 필의 저술 활동을 중심으로 조망해 보고자 한다.

본 연구에서는 LNG 공급계통시스템의 재기화 공정에서 배관 손상으로 인한 누출사고 발생시 LNG 성분 및 누출공의 크기에 따른 연소특성에 대한 피해범위를 산출하고, 피해영향을 해석하였다. LNG 성분에 따른 연소특성을 확인하기 위하여 7곳의 LNG 산지별 위험도를 확인한 결과 산지별 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나, LNG 구성성분 중 메탄의 함유량이 많을수록 플래시화재 발생범위 및 증기운 폭발에 의한 과압이 발생하는 위험범위 그리고 제트화재 발생에 의한 열 복사량 피해영향이 다른 산지에 비해 비교적 낮음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 배관 누출공의 크기에 따라 누설, 파공, 파괴 3단계에 나누어 위험 범위 및 폭발에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구를 수행하였으며, 플래시화재로 인한 피해영향범위를 계산하고, 이에 따라 LNG 누출시 화재가능 위험범위를 확인했으며, 과압의 영향 및 복사열로 부터의 피해범위를 예측할 수 있었다. 이를 통해 LNG 조성 및 배관 누출공의 크기가 화재 및 폭발에 미치는 영향을 예측할 수 있었다.

On September 4, 2018, Second Criminal Division of Korea Jeju District Court Judge, Mr. Chang Jegal decided that “Each retrial shall be initiated for the decision to be re-judged,” at 18 Jeju 4.3 Survivors retrial: Decision about Case: 2017 Inventory Hab-4 : Rebellious or Treasonous Actions and Violations of the National Defense and Security Act. As for A. Rebellious or Treasonous Actions B. Violations of the National Defense and Security Act. Defendant: Defendants are the same as listed in the appendix, Retrial Claimants: The Defendants, Counsel: The Law firm Haemaru (For the defendants), Lead Lawyers: Im Jae-sung & Kim Seeun, Judgement on the Retrial: The Following report on the Retrial judgement is as stated. Order : Each retrial shall be initiated for the decision to be re-judged. Reasons : 1. Basic Facts. The records of this case indicate that each of the following facts can be admitted: A. The petitioners are Jeju residents who were detained by the military and police during the fall of 1948 to July 1949 when the Jeju 4.3 Incident was under way, and were transported to a prison on the main land from December 1948 to July 1949, where they were imprisoned for a certain period of time after arriving. (Here after, According to Article 2, section 1 of the SPECIAL ACT ON DISCOVERING THE TRUTH OF THE JEJU 4·3 INCIDENT AND THE RESTORATION OF HONOR OF VICTIMS. The term "Jeju 4·3 Incident" means an incident in which the lives of inhabitants were sacrificed in the riot that arose on April 3, 1948 starting from March 1, 1947 and in the process of armed conflicts and suppression thereof that took place in Jeju-Do and the suppression thereof until September 21, 1954.) B. The records show that the claimants to deduce the basis for their transfer to the main land and imprisonment thereafter, include the names of the claimants, their age, occupation, residence, plea and verdict, adjudication date, sentence and confinement in prison, which are listed as one column for each of the petitioners. The documents are from the Registry of Convicted Persons from the 12th month of the year 4281 (1948) and the 7th month of the year 4282 (1949) & the criminal records of Claimants, Park, Park, Bu, Yang, Bang, Oh, Oh, Jeong, Jo, and Han. In addition, as part of the fact-finding investigation into the reasons for the appeal, documents related to the execution of military enforcement orders or reduction of sentences for some of the petitioners, which were obtained through fact-finding and document-transfer requests from the National Archives and other related agencies. Beyond these, documents that can directly confirm the original judgement concerning the claimants, such as the indictments, records of trial and ruling, prison transfers and other prison records have yet to be discovered.

동물학대는 점진적으로 증가하고 있으나, 국내 동물보호법에서 동물학대로 인정하 는 범위가 몹시 협소하며 동물학대에 대한 처벌은 여전히 몹시 미약한 편이다. 동물학 대와 관련된 연구가 국내에서 거의 이루어지지 않은 현 시점에서, 본 연구는 최근 증가하고 있는 동물학대 사건에 대한 사람들의 인식을 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 특히 성별이나 반려동물 양육경험, 폭력허용도가 동물학대 사건 지각 및 부정적 정서 반응에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 응답자 327명(여성 176명, 남성 151명)이 동물학대 사건 시나리오를 읽고 사건 지각 관련 문항(양형판단, 피해동물 책임귀인, 가해자 비난)에 응답하였다. 또한 동물학대 사건에 대한 부정적 정서 반응과 동물보호법 강화인식도 측정하였다. 본 연구 결과 첫째, 동물학대 사건 지각에서 남성에 비해 여성이 동물학대 사건에서 양형을 더 무겁게 판단하였으며, 피해동물에게 책임귀인을 더 적게 하고, 가해자 비난을 더 많이 하며, 부정적 정서를 더 많이 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 반려동물 양육경험이 없는 사람에 비해 있는 사람이 동물학대 사건에서 양형을 더 무겁게 판단하였으며, 피해동물에게 책임귀인을 더 적게 하고, 가 해자 비난을 더 많이 하며, 부정적 정서를 더 많이 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 폭력허용도가 높을수록 피해동물에게 책임귀인을 더 많이 하며, 동물보호법이 강화되 어야 한다는 인식이 약한 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점을 논의하였다.

The paper provides a context to the reasons why there may be benefits in revitalising the original method of teaching costume construction for performance, reporting on reflections from personal experience and a relevant literature review to support the concept. It outlines the research to date and the following research stages.

Over the last decade, the sharing economy that covers systems of organised sharing, bartering, lending, trading, renting, gifting, and swapping among communities of peers on Internet platforms has emerged as a major disruptive pattern in capitalist economies (Botsman and Rogers, 2010). Prior research on the sharing economy has mainly concentrated on young, well-educated urban users and therefore particularly underlined “noble” motivations for participation, such as hedonic, environmental, and political reasons. This research looks beyond this “hipster” view of sharing entrepreneurs and focuses on French deprived mothers who use peer-to-peer (P2P) platforms to survive. Drawing on the literature on subsistence markets in developing countries (e.g., Viswanathan et al., 2014), it investigates Facebook buy-and-sell groups as a new form of subsistence markets in developed countries. Using a multi-method approach involving in-depth interviews, netnography, and participatory observation on Facebook buy-and-sell groups, it more particularly explores how Facebook specific digital features participate in these emerging markets. The findings indicate that subsistence markets’ emergence in developed countries on Facebook is founded on new digital features that (re)create structural, cognitive and relational forms of social capital. This research thus offers interesting contributions and implications for public policy makers engaged in the regulation of the sharing economy.

We evaluate the loyalty of a tourist destination considering tangible and intangible factors using the city of Porto as a case study. We observed that the main dimensions that the tourists associate with the visit and consequently with the city, in order of importance, were: i) engagement with the city of Porto, ii) identification with city of Porto, iii) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of the city of Porto, iv) experiences in the city of Porto, and v) having visited visiting the city of Porto. Direct interviews were administered in the main tourist’s points in the city during the month of October 2017. The survey was only applied to the respondents who pursued tourism in the city of Porto, with 958 valid questionnaires. The questionnaire included the sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents, the evaluation of level of importance of the eleven factors related to the trip, the level of agreement with the eight statements on the engagement with Porto developed by Sprott et al. (2009) – applied for the first time to a destination - and, in the final part, the evaluation of the intention to return to city of Porto. The eleven statements related to the importance of various factors associated to the trip and the eight statements that evaluate the engagement with the city were subjected to a principal components analysis with varimax rotation in order to identify the main dimensions. A logistic regression was used to explore the determinants of the likelihood to return to Porto considering the respondents’ sociodemographic variables and the main dimensions obtained in the factorial analysis (related to the important factors on the trip and the engagement with the city). Regarding the intention to return, which is the proxy of tourists’ loyalty to the destination, we observed that it is positively influenced by the engagement with the city, the tourist’s perception of CSR, the good experience in the city and having visited the city. These results connect the political, economic and marketing objectives in the tourism sector. The goals need to be aligned and the stakeholders(visitors, local residents and business, public bodies and government) must work together to maintain a solid and unified destination image. Considering that the city of Porto has been in the spotlight at an international level as one of the top cities’ destinations, this kind of information is fundamental for Porto to continue to be an attractive city tourism destination.

The Korean buffet restaurant, which was developed by combining the Korean food and a buffet, allows a large menu to be enjoyed at a reasonable price and has become popular with men and women, young and old, and become a new type of eating out. This study examined the effects of the waiting time management and menu quality on the customer satisfaction and re-visit intention in a Korean buffet restaurant to help quality improvement and development of Korean buffet restaurants. The customer satisfaction and re-visit intention only had a significant effect on the staff attitude toward waiting time. Hygiene, sensory factor, and variety of menu quality were significantly related to customer satisfaction and revisit intention, respectively. In addition, satisfaction with food and service had a significant effect on the re-visit intention and customer satisfaction. Therefore, it is important to establish a virtuous cycle structure that will improve the re-visit intention by satisfying customers through waiting time management and menu quality for the development of Korean buffet restaurants.

본고는 알란 세쿨라의 <피쉬 스토리>(1995)를 분석한다. 포토 북 형식의 <피쉬 스토리>는 바다와 관련된 국제 항구도시, 해양노동자 등을 약 100여장의 사진과 방대한 양의 텍스트를 통해 담아내고 있다. 세쿨라는 이 작품을 통해 1990년대 무렵 사회주의의 몰락과 함께 대두된 세계화, 혹은 세계자본주의 확산과 노동의 소외에 주목한다. 필자는 본고에서 세쿨라의 사진에 내재된 ‘비판적 리얼리즘’을 읽어내는 몇 가지 코드를 분석하고, 이후 <피쉬 스토리>에서 주목하는 세계화, 혹은 세계자본주의에 대한 그의 입장을 살펴본다. 다음으로 필자는 <피쉬 스토리>에서 비판적 리얼리즘을 보다 강력하게 실천 하도록 하는 포토 북의 형식과 상호텍스트성에 대해 논의한 후, 그가 독자로 하여금 세계화를 작동시키는 비가시적 권력, 혹은 이러한 권력 체계에서 소외된 노동자들을 재가시화 하도록 유도하는 전략 을 살펴본다.

이 글은 반유대주의와 《요한수난곡》의 관계를 이 음악작품에 등장하는 군중합창의 역할과 신학적, 음악적 의미를 통해 조망하고자 하는 목적을 가지고 있다. 특별히 이 작품의 가사가 되는 수난내러티브에 주목하여, 이 안에서 요한복음서의 기자는 ‘유대인들’이라는 용어를 어떤 방식으로 사용하였는지 논의한다. 또한, 이 글은 이러한 논의를 확장시켜, 개혁가 루터는 ‘유대인들’을 어떤 방식으로 기술하였는지, 또는 이해하였는지 살핀다. 요한과 루터의 독해를 통해 ‘유대인들’이라는 표현이 유동적으로 사용되고 있음을, 그리고 이것의 신학적 해석이 모호성을 내포하고 있음을 지적해 나간다. 그리고 최종적으로 이 글은 바흐의 음악작품, 《요한수난곡》의 핵심구조를 살피고, 이 안에서 군중합창이 작동하는 방식을 설명함으로 이 작품과 반유대주의와의 관계를 조명해나간다.