충남 일원에 분포하는 초염기성 암석과 이에 수반되는 각섬암, 편암, 편마암에 대해 탄성파 및 밀도가 실험실에서 측정되었다. 밀도측정 결과 사문암은 2.6∼2.86g/cm3, 활석은 2.25∼2.81g/cm3, 변성암류는 2.74∼3.07g/cm3의 범위를 갖는다. 이 결과 활석은 사문암으로부터의 변성과정으로 사문암 및 각섬암보다 넓은 범위를 보였다. P파와 S파의 속도는 사문암에서 각각 5719∼6062m/s, 2898∼3351m/s 이고, 활석에서 4019∼5478m/s, 2241/∼2976m/s, 각섬암에서 5375∼6372m/s, 3042∼3625m/s, 편암에서 5290∼5499m/s, 2968∼3137m/s, 편마암에서 4788m/s, 2804m/s를 보였다. P파의 속도는 밀도가 증가함에 따라 S파의 속도보다 1.47배 빠르게 증가하였다. 탄성파 속도와 밀도 사이에 비례관계가 성립하며, 특히 밀도에 따른 P파 속도 증가율이 S파 속도증가율보다 약 1.47배 크게 나타났다. 탄성파속도의 이방분석결과 편리와 직각 방향의 속도값이 평행방향의 값보다 높았는데, 특히 변성암이 더 큰 차이를 보이는바, 이는 변성암의 형성이 지체구조성 압력의 영향으로 인한 광역변성작용에 의한 것임을 시사한다. 압력의 변화에 따른 탄성파속도 변화분석 결과 대체로 압력이 20 MPa에서 70 MPa로 증가함에 따라 변성암의 탄성파속도 증가가 다른 암석에 비하여 크게 나타났다. 재계산된 탄성파속도는 각섬암이 이 지역 하부 지각에 대한 탄성파 특성을, 편마암류 및 편암은 상부지각 암석의 탄성파 특성을 지시한다고 생각된다. 한편 사문암의 측정치는 높은 사문암화 정도를 반영하기는 하지만 상부 맨틀의 암석에 대한 탄성파의 특성을 지시한다 볼 수 있다.

충남지역의 초염기성암체는 주로 활석과 석면광상의 모암을 이루는 사문암체로서 홍성-광천과 온양-유구-청양을 연결하는 선 내부의 선캄브리아기 편마암복합체내에서 북북동 방향에 따라 단속적으로 평행하게 발달하는 10여개조의 렌즈상관입암체들이다. 사문암체의 규모는 폭 수십 cm∼1km, 연장 수 m∼5km로서 곳에 따라 그 규모가 다양하다. 이 사문암들은 주로 SiO2(평균 39.99wt.%)와 MgO(평균 38.46wt.%)로 구성되었고, Cr(〉1011ppm), Ni(〉1660ppm) 및 Co(〉80ppm)의 함량이 많다. 이 사문암들은 주로 사문석의 양이 50% 이상인 것이 대부분이며, 부위에 따라 기원암의 잔류광물인 감람석과 휘석, 크롬철석 등이 발견되는 데 사문암체 내에는 부분적으로 이들 잔류광물의 함량이 50% 이상 되는 사문석화감람암과 활석 및 석면광체를 포함한다. 충남지역 사문암의 기원암은 알파인형 초염기성암으로서 약간 결핍된 상부 맨틀(깊이: 30∼40km)기원의 더나이트 내지 해즈버자이트였으며, 대규모 단층을 따라 상승한 것으로 해석된다. 이들 사문암의 기원암으로부터의 주 사문석화작용은 충남지역에서 일어난 녹색편암상 내지 각섬암상의 광역변성작용시에 일어난 것으로 해석된다.

충남 홍성에 위치한 백동 사문암지역에서 암석 및 토양에 함유되어 있는 중금속 함량과 이 지역에서 생육하고있는 소나무 및 리기다소나무에 의해 식물체의 부위별로 흡수된 중금속 농도를 다른 모암지역(각섬석 편암 및 편마암)과 비교하여 측정하였다. 암석의 경우 사문암의 Ni, Cr, Co, Fe 농도가 각섬석 편암 및 편마암에 비해 더 높았다. 상부토양도 암석과 매우 유사한 결과를 나타내고 있어서, 특히 Ni, Cr, Co, Fe는 사문암토양이 가장 높았고, Zn과 Sc는 각섬석 편암이 더 높았다. 소나무의 평균 중금속 함량은 사문암지역에서 Ni, Cr, Co, Au, As, Sb. W농도가 가장 높았으며, 이 중 Ni, Cr, Co는 암석 및 토양내 높은 함량 변화와도 일치하였다. 그외에 Zn, Sc는 각섬석 편암지역이 높았으며, Fe, Mo는 편마암이 각각 높았다. 같은 사문암지역에 분포하는 두 수종을 비교하면 대부분의 원소에서 소나무보다 리기다소나무내 함량이 더 높았으며(Ni 및 W은 예외), 이로 보아 식물체로의 중금속 흡수량이 리기다소나무가 더 크다는 것을 알 수 있다. 식물체의 부위별로 비교해 보면 두 수종 모두 모암의 구별없이 대부분 원소에서 뿌리부분이 지상부보다 흡수량이 높았다. 사문암지역에서 대부분 원소(Ni, Cr, Co, Zn, Sc, Fe)의 상대적인 비(평균 식물체 함량/토양 함량)는 모두 사문암보다 각섬석 편암이나 편마암지역에서 더 높았다. 특히 편마암지역은 Zn을 제외하고 전 원소에서 가장 높게 나타났다.

To survey the incidence of plant-parasitic nematodes, 187 soil samples from leguminous plant fields in Chungnam province, Korea were assessed from June to August 2018. As the result, four nematode genera ─ the cyst nematode (Heterodera spp.), root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.), root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus spp.), spiral nematode (Helicotylenchus spp.) ─ were detected. Among them, the incidence of cyst nematode was the highest in Taean (73%) and lowest in Hongseong (10%). The cyst nematode was detected from the adzuki and kidney bean fields as well as soybean fields. The incidence of cyst nematode in upland fields was higher than in paddy fields. In addition, the extracted cyst nematodes consisted of two species, which was identified as Heterodera glycines and H. sojae. The incidence of H. glycines (22%) was higher than H. sojae (10%), and a few of the fields (5%) was mixed with two cyst nematodes. This result suggested that we should consider that the cyst nematode is the major plantparasitic nematode when controlling the nematodes in soybean fields in Chungnam province.

It has continuously promoted to scale up the agricultural management body in order to cope with the market-opening pressure such as the UR negotiation, the DDA negotiation, and more conclusions of FTAs and to enhance the competitiveness of our agriculture. This study evaluated the factors associated with production organization participation centered on environmentally-friendly agriculture farmers in order to improve the production efficiency of environmentally-friendly agriculture in the aspect of production. In order to achieve this objective, this study evaluated the factors that contributed to participating in an organization using the bivariate probit model focusing on environmentally-friendly agriculture farmers in Chungnam. This study examined the validity and reliability of the study model through exploratory factor analysis. The results of factor analyses identified four factors: “distribution”, “production”, “organization operation”, and “social capital”. The results of the bivariate probit model showed that distribution significantly affected production activities and distribution, organization operation, agricultural income, and gender significantly influenced sale activities. Environmentally-friendly production organization had not been able to provide the productive support that was needed for local farmers to produce environmentally-friendly agricultural products in a region. Additionally, farming education did not provide the information needed by the farmers. Although producers had a network within a production organization, it was operated mainly for administrators. Therefore, participants felt somewhat lacking. This study identified the level of organization of producer organizations in Chungnam area, where environmentally-friendly agriculture is well activated. This study suggested implications for future production organization participation by evaluating factors affecting participation quantitatively.

철마산 일대의 지질은 하부로부터 선캠브리아기의 소근리층, 화강암질편마암, 엽리상 흑운모화 강암, 엽리상 운모화강암, 염기성암맥 및 산성암맥으로 구성된다. 이 일대의 희토류 광화작용은 화강 암질편마암과 엽리상 운모화강암에서 관찰된다. 이들 암석에서 소량 희토류 원소 및 토륨을 함유한 광물들은 저어콘(Y2O3 0.00~1.18 wt.%, Gd2O3 0.00~0.59 wt.%, Er2O3 0.00~0.22 wt.%, Yb2O3 0.00~0.34 wt.%, Lu2O3 0.00~0.48 wt.%, ThO2 0.00~0.33 wt.%), 토리아나이트(Nd2O3 0.00~0.24 wt.%, Lu2O3 0.00~0.26 wt.%), 베르시에린(La2O3 0.04~0.26 wt.%, Nd2O3 0.00~0.20 wt.%, Tb2O3 0.04~0.12 wt.%, Dy2O3 0.17~0.26 wt.%, Er2O3 0.33~0.44 wt.%, Lu2O3 0.00~0.19 wt.%, ThO2 0.61~0.93 wt.%), 녹니석 (La2O3 0.44~0.68 wt.%, Ce2O3 0.12~0.13 wt.%, Nd2O3 0.31~0.44 wt.%, Eu2O3 0.03~0.08 wt.%, Dy2O3 0.09~0.21 wt.%, Ho2O3 0.04~0.14 wt.%, Er2O3 0.18~0.32 wt.%, Lu2O3 0.07~0.21 wt.%, ThO2 0.00~ 0.97 wt.%), 흑운모(Nd2O3 0.02~0.08 wt.%, Gd2O3 0.07~0.08 wt.%, Tb2O3 0.02~0.07 wt.%, Dy2O3 0.35~ 0.43 wt.%, Ho2O3 0.15~0.26 wt.%, Er2O3 0.24~0.28 wt.%, Yb2O3 0.06~0.18 wt.%, ThO2 0.00~0.12 wt.%), 정장석(Dy2O3 0.05~0.12 wt.%, Ho2O3 0.05~0.06 wt.%, Er2O3 0.28 wt.%, Yb2O3 0.06~0.12 wt.%) 및 사장석(Ho2O3 0.01~0.03 wt.%, Er2O3 0.10~0.27 wt.%, ThO2 0.11~0.13 wt.%)이며 희토류 광물로는 바스트나사이트와 퍼구소나이트이다. 희토류 광물들은 주로 장석류, 운모류, 저어콘, 인회석 및 티탄철석의 간극을 따라 산출된다. 따라서 철마산 일대의 희토류 광화작용 산물인 바스트나사이트와 퍼구소나이트는 화강암질편마암과 엽리상 운모화강암의 형성 시 희토류 원소 및 토륨이 구성광물 내에 소량 함유되어 있었으며 그후 계속된 화성활동 및 변성작용에 의하여 기존 광물 내에 함유되어 있던 희토류 원소가 재 농집에 의해 형성된 것으로 생각된다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the cases of Asan-si and Hongseong-gun in Chungcheongnam-do to derive the direction of development of the school meal support center and improvement of the school meal policy in connection with local food. We conducted a survey on the importance and performance of school meal support policy and local food supply policy for nutritionists in two areas. In addition, we identified the issues to be improved intensively and the issues to be continuously managed over the medium to long term, and suggested directions for improvement using IPA. As a result of the importance-performance analysis of school meal support policy and local food supply policy, both Asan-si and Hongseong- gun. focused on improving the price and quality of local food.

본 연구는 금성산의 관속식물상을 밝히고 주요 식물들의 분 포를 조사하였다. 2015년 7월부터 2016년 6월까지 총 30회에 걸쳐 수행되었으며, 그 결과 관속식물은 112과 358속 417종 8아종 48변종 8품종 2교잡종으로 총 483분류군이 확인되었다. 본 조사에서 발견된 483분류군 중에서 국립생물자원관 지정 적색목 록식물이 3분류군, 국립수목원 지정 희귀식물이 8분류군, 한반 도 고유종이 4분류군으로 조사되었다. 또한 식물구계학적 특정 식물은 29분류군, 귀화식물은 42분류군, 귀화율은 8.6%이었다. 관속식물의 유용도는 식용이 190분류군(39.3%), 목초용이 162분류군(33.5%), 약용이 154분류군(31.8%), 관상용이 58분 류군(12.0%), 목재용이 14분류군(2.8%), 공업용이 2분류군(0.4%) 그리고 섬유용이 5분류군(1.0%)으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study is to present operating directions of school food service center (SFSC) for development of environment-friendly agricultural producers (EFAP) and regional agriculture. Of eight SFSCs being operated in Chungcheongnam- do, this study analyzed situations of three cases, Cheonan, Asan and Hongseong. The analysis on operation situations revealed that all the three cases had positive economic effects on EFAP in the aspect of low commission and fixed supply price for a given period. The survey showed that social and economic changes since participating in the SFSC were largest in Asan. The awareness of the economic effects was largest among the producers in Cheonan.

Rural development policy has changed from hardware based development to community revitalization. The purpose of this study is to analyze social network of collaborative activity among rural organizations as fundamental of community. The material used in this study is a record of collaborative activites in the community newsletter of Hong-Dong area. 161 of collaborative activities (links) and 75 of organizations (nodes) are investigated in network. 6 collaborative activity type (‘Education’, ‘Socializing’, ‘Meeting’, ‘Culture’, ‘Event’ and ‘Labor’) is classified. ‘Socializing’ is inclusive of approximately half of whole network (50.67%). Closeness centraization, degree centralization and betweenness centralization are measured on top in ‘Education’, ‘Meeting’ and ‘Event’ type. Scatter plot analysis using degree and betweenness centrality index, ‘Maeul Revitalization Center’, ‘Balmak Library’, ‘Woori-Maeul Medical Co-op’, ‘Support Center for Female Farmers’, ‘Hongdong Middle School’ and ‘Mundang Sustainable Agriculture Education Center’ are resulted as the core organization in network. Geographical distribution of collaborative activity is not only concentated in Hong-Dong Myeon but also networked with adjacent administrative district. This study finds its purpose in the detailed analysis of network characteristics of collaborative activity within Hong-Dong area which is representative developed rural community in Korea

Background : Liriope platyphylla Wang et. Tang is a species of Liliaceae and its tuber is used as medicinal herbs. This medicinal plant is mainly cultivated in Cheongyang and Buyeo of Chungcheongnam-Do and Miryang of Gyeongsangnam-Do. It is necessary to establish a cultivation techniques for stable production to solve the problems that are found on farms. These farm surveys were carried out to obtain the basic data on soil environment and cultivation conditions at main producing areas of Chungnam-Do in Liriope platyphylla Wang et. Tang. Methods and Results : The surveys were investigated from 37 farmers in Cheongyang and 32 farmers in Buyeo who cultivate Liriope platyphylla Wang et. Tang. There were slightly differences in the local characteristics between Cheongyang and Buyeo. The rate of successive cropping for more than 3 years were 19% at Cheongyang and 41% in Buyeo. The reason may be due to the a small-owned field. It has grown 28% at Cheongyang and 59% at Buyeo in paddy fields. The injury by successive cropping that farmers argued were the increasing pest/disease occurrence, degradation of tuber quality and yield reduction. Crops planted after the harvest of L. platyphylla were mostly Pepper or soybean in upland. It is necessary to reduce the injury of successive cropping. The results of 112 soil analysis data were classified by 8 soil series. There are many acidic soil, lack of organic matter, excess phosphate. However, it did not analyzed the influences on the growth and yield of the crop as affected by different soil conditions. Conclusion : From the above results, it is necessary to develop cultivation techniques on the reduction of injury of successive cropping, such as cropping system, seedling transplanting cultivation, cultivation methods for good agricultural practices(GAP) and soil improvement.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the hollowization in rural villages which causes marginal villages appears in Korean rural villages and whether the hollowization has relation with decrease and aging of population or not. For achieving the research objective, survey was carried out focused on Geumsan-gun. As a result, it confirmed that rural out-migration and rural decline especially in 'people', 'land(economic situation)' and 'community' have being progressed. Also variance analysis and regression analysis were executed with using the number of population and the ratio of people over 65 as dependent variables and using each survey contents(variables) as independent variables. The results of analysis showed that the ratio of people over 65(+), the income level per household(-), the rate of fallow lands(+), the number of empty houses(+), programs for urban-rural interchange(+), and the implementing public projects(+), etc. have a relation with the number of population(-) and the number of population(-), the income level per household(-), the rate of fallow lands(+), the number of empty houses(+), activities of communities(+), and the implementing public projects(+), etc. have a relation with the ratio of people over 65(+) (+: increase, -: decrease). So the hollowization in people', 'land(economic situation)' and 'community' has direct relation with decrease and aging of population in rural areas.

The objective of this study was to investigate the perception of walking environment and use of neighborhood facilities of rural female elderly, who are the most susceptible to ambulatory problems. The study showed that parks, senior centers and hospitals were among the most frequently used neighborhood facilities by rural female elderly, while bus stations and senior centers were recognized as the closest facilities. Frequency of use was higher for paid sports facilities rather than parks. Hospitals and health centers were facilities that were desired to be in close proximity. Social support, self-efficacy, and attitude were the factors that affected walking environment. Street trees, accessibility to parks, and street lights were factors that showed a positive relationship with total time of walking activity while perceived crime rate and slopes were perceived as environmental challenges for groups that walked under 150 minutes per week. One factor that negatively affected walking was the lack of sidewalks on streets. Providing parks and walking trails within neighborhood, pleasant walking environments, and safe sidewalks would contribute to improved perception of neighborhood and walking of older rural women.

The purpose of this study is to show the relation of the change between spacial structure and social conditions of rural area. The spacial structure change of Asan city was analyzed using Space Syntax, and multiple regression analysis (dependent variables: connectivity, global integration, local integration / independent variables: population, household, farm population, farm population of 65years old and over, farm household, part-time farm households, cultivated land) was accomplished. As th result, that the increase of connectivity is related to the increase of population and farm population of 65years old and over and the decrease of farm population, and the increase of local integration is related to the increase of farm population of 65years old and over was showed. However, that global integration is not related to change of social conditions was proved.