As a rapid proliferation of mobile system environment may induce a number of changes, NFC technology is also evolving, and it is being applied in many fields. In this paper, we propose a skin care technology inter-working smart communication devices. Without the use of expensive skin care device, a cosmetic container is implemented to have a smart function, used by the users over a long period of time. It acquires the user's biometric information from the smart container and transmits it to the user's terminal over a short-range wireless communication in order to provide counseling app information such as health care.

The present study aims to seek ways of activating teaching consulting by investigating how primary and secondary English teachers perceive consulting. A survey was conducted to investigate the current state of English teaching consulting at schools and to identify needs to be met for effective consulting. 157 primary and 107 secondary English teachers took part in the survey using a questionnaire. The major findings from the data analysis are summarized as follows: (1) teaching consulting is not widely accepted as significant in professional development yet, and teaching consulting is not likely to be done voluntarily; (2) there is lack of professional consultants; (3) the administration process involved in consulting needs to be truncated and made simple; (4) the evaluation of consulting needs to be fed back in improving teaching and professional learning; and (5) teachers’ voluntary involvement in consulting and cooperative professional development are considered to be important to activate and sustain consulting. Some measures are suggested to vitalize consulting in English teaching at schools and directions for future research are discussed.

The present study explores how high school English teachers perceive recently proposed or implemented English education policies. Among the policies are performance assessment, the depaπmentalized classroom system (DCS), 20 11 revised national curriculum for English, the two-Ievel (Types A' B) English tests in College Scholastic Ability Test (CSAT), and National English Ability Test (NEAT). The study examines three aspects ofteacher perception on each p이 icy: knowledge, attitudes, and implementation. A questionnaire was administered, and the responses of 395 high school English teachers were analyzed‘ The res비ts showed that the knowledge aspect scored the highest for all five p이 icies while differences were revealed as to specific aspects of knowledge, attitudes, and implementation across different policies. It was also revealed that the attitude aspect was positively correlated with the implementation aspect and that correlation between attitude and implementation was higher than the 、 correlation between attitude and knowledge. The facto rs identified to be highly correlated with all five policies were teacher’s academic attainment, age, and teaching experience, the number of students per class, and the implementation of English creative school. Implications are suggested for in-service teacher development, English education policy-making, and effective policy implementation.

최근 미국과 일본은 이전부터 쌓아온 게임에 대한 기술력과 기획력을 온라인 게임에 적용하여 이전 한국의 온라인 게임 못지않은 게임들을 만들고 있으며 후발주자인 중국도 빠르게 기술을 습득하여 표절의 의혹은 많이 있으나 점점 한국의 입지를 좁히고 있다. 한국의 게임도 여성유저의 양적 성장이 눈에 띄게 급신장하고 있어 게임 유저 층이 점점 선진국형화 되어 가고 있다. 이에 새로운 전환점을 맞아 새로운 개념과 형식으로 다양한 유저층이 즐길 수 있는 게임기획이 필요하다. 이런 흐름에 맞혀 여성유저들의 관심을 끄는 게임들을 분석하여 이들이 가지고 있는 어떤 특징들이 그들을 열광하게 만드는지 분석하고, 앞으로의 개발 방향에 대하여 제시하였다. 본 논문의 결과는 게임제작의 초석이 되는 게임기획 디자인에 의사결정을 지원 할 것으로 기대한다.

MMORPG는 현재 최고의 인기를 얻고 있는 장르이다. 디지털과 네트워크를 기반으로 발전하는 MMORPG 분야에서 스토리가 차지하는 비중은 점차적으로 확대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 게임 스토리보드 제작을 위해 필요한 기본적인 요소를 연구 조사하여 이것을 스토리보드 시뮬레이터 설계에 적용 하였다. MMORPG 기획 단계에서 기획자의 기획의도를 개발자에게 쉽게 표현하도록 게임 스토리보드의 역할과 제작과정을 시뮬레이터에 적용시켜, 모든 내용을 구체적으로 시각화 하였다. 그 결과 게임 기획 시간과 비용을 줄이기 위한 방법으로 캐릭터간의 스토리보드 시뮬레이션 모델을 제안하였고, 스토리보드 시뮬레이터를 적용하여 게임기획 시간의 단축을 가져올 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과는 MMORPG 디자인 프로세스의 초기 단계에서 효과적인 디자인 의사결정을 지원할 것으로 기대 할 수 있다.

본 연구는 가정폭력이론과 가정폭력발생 원인을 살펴보고 아동이 가정폭력을 경험한 경우와 아동이 부부간의 폭력을 목격했을 경우, 아동의 공격성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고자 했다. 이를 위해 경기도에 소재하는 초등학교 5～6학년을 대상으로 폭력경험, 폭력목격, 공격성 검사설문을 실시하였으며, SPSS 12.0을 사용해 분석하였다. 결과를 요약하면 첫째, 남학생이며, 학년이 높을수록, 가족 성원의 수가 많을수록, 생활수준이 낮을수록, 가정폭력경험, 가정폭력목격 및 공격성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 폭력적인 영상물인 공포영화, 폭력물, 애니메이션, 판타지, 게임비디오 등에 많이 노출된 아동들이 더 공격적인 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 가정폭력경험, 가정폭력목격, 공격성과의 상관관계(pearson r)를 분석해본 결과 모두 유의미한 수준에서 정적인 상관관계가 있었다. 즉, 아동의 가정폭력경험, 가정폭력목격 그리고 매스미디어 노출정도가 아동의 공격성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 아동이 가정폭력으로부터 보호되고 부부간의 폭력을 목격하는 것을 예방하기 위해 사회복지적인 개입방법으로 가정폭력예방과 아동폭력예방 및 중재를 위한 프로그램 개발, 감정조절 그리고 인간관계 훈련을 위한 프로그램 개발과 연구가 필요함을 제언한다.

바이오피드백 기술은 인간의 신체적인 신호들로부터 나온 신호들을 통하여 신체의 신호를 제어하고 향상 시킬 수 있는 기술이다. 최근 자율신경계의 컨트롤도 훈련을 통하여 스스로 가능하다는 사실이 입증되면서 감성 분야에서 활발한 연구가 진행 중이다. 본 연구에서는 자율반응이나 뇌파를 통하여 스스로 게임을 통한 스포츠 시뮬레이션 훈련이 가능하도록 하는 바이오피드백 훈련 방법을 개발하였다. 개발된 바이오피드백 게임 콘텐츠를 보다 효과적으로 구현하기 위하여 뇌파, 심전도, 호흡, 맥파, 피부전기반사의 통합 생리지표를 분석하였다. 또한 보다 사실적인 훈련이 가능하도록 실제 양궁선수들의 신체적 감성을 분석하고 데이터베이스화 하여 일반인들도 쉽게 양궁선수들과 같은 상태의 생체 감성을 스스로 컨트롤할 수 있도록 하였다.

The present evaluation research was conducted to provide program decision makers with judgements about the intensive in-service teacher training (INSET) program"s worth or merits in relation to important criteria. It also purports to provide program staffs with useful information in improving their INSET programs. Setting boundaries and analyzing the context were followed by the procedure of identifying and selecting the evaluation questions and criteria. The overview of recent developments in English language teacher training provided the underlying principle for setting the criteria for evaluation. The criteria were used to describe the characteristics of a successful language teacher training program or implementation. They included features such as goals, curriculum, personnel, and support. Using the specified checklist, evaluation was carried out on the current intensive English language teacher training courses. Information on each area of the checklist was collected from available sources, analyzed and interpreted qualitatively as well as quantitatively. From the findings of the present evaluation study, some implications are drawn for making policies on INSET, for improving the teacher training programs under investigation, and for establishing and operating similar INSET programs.

The present study aims to examine vocabulary analysis programs suitable for English textbook authorization in the amended version of the national curriculum. The analysis of WordLister 2002, a conventional vocabulary analysis software, reveals that it fails to meet the needs necessary to authorize textbooks in terms of user-friendliness and limited uses of the vocabulary analysis output. The design of WordLister 2002 is too complicated to be used without special training. While it provides useful information on new vocabulary, it fails to provide information in comparison with the existing research on vocabulary. NLPtools, on the other hand, applies corpus analysis techniques to the analysis of textbook vocabulary. In this program, texts in the textbook are seen as a corpus. Another characteristic is that NLPtools employs analysis methods based on dictionaries. It is found that NLPtools processes special characters in the text, so that the user does not need to process them by using specified input codes as in WordLister 2002. Wordlister 2002 requires its user to register a number of words in the process of vocabulary analysis, whereas the user with NLPtools does not need to register words as its built-in dictionary has a wide range of information on words. NLPtools also provides its users with functions, by which they can get and analyze the information they need. With these advantages over the conventional software, it is suggested that NLPtools can be used as a vocabulary analysis program for textbook authorization in the amended curriculum.

The present study aims to develop a web-based model for English teacher evaluation, which purports to encourage a teacher to get actively involved in his or her own professional development through critical reflection upon teaching. The evaluation model using portfolio is based on the assumption that the teacher should play a key role in the evaluation process in order to bring about change in teaching. Another theoretical premise of the model is that data on teaching should be gathered from multiple sources such as observation, student performance and self-appraisal. The web-based model encourages stakeholders, e.g., administrators, headteachers, parents, to take part in the evaluation process. The model reflects the findings of a questionnaire survey on teachers’ perceptions on teacher evaluation and their needs. It is suggested that a number of factors related to administration, technology and content should be considered for the effective application of the model. Some suggestions are also made concerning evaluator training, time constraints, institutional support, and further research.

The present study aims to design a web-based syllabus for teaching college English. The theoretical premises underlying the study are drawn from recent developments in relevant fields including web-based instruction, classroom observation and supervision, in-service teacher development, and program evaluation. The model is characterized by its learner-centeredness, teacher observation and supervision for professional development, and process-oriented program evaluation. Data for the program evaluation are gathered from various sources such as questionnaire responses, observation records, supervisory notes, teacher diary entries, and assessment. The information from the evaluation is then fed back to improve the course in a cyclical process. Through a small-scale application of the model some suggestions for its effective implementation are made in terms of institutional support, copyright, student autonomy, teacher roles, and e-learning course evaluation.

The purpose of this study was to develop a statistical model of predicting item difficulty of the English reading test of College Scholastic Ability Test(CSAT). At the initial phase, the study investigated variables that were significantly correlated to item difficulty of English reading test. Using the correlated variables an instrument was designed to gather the data on item difficulty of each item of the English reading tests of 2002 and 2003 CSAT. Correlation analysis was done to get models which could predict item difficulty of the tests. To validate the results of the analysis, the models were applied to the September Tests of 2003 and 2004 CSAT. It was found that the 2003 linear regression equation model showed the acceptable level of stability and predictability. The study also revealed that statistically significant predictors were grammar, inference and options. It was also found that the proportion of variance accounted by the predictors was different. Some implications for CSAT design and further research were drawn from the findings.

본 연구는 금성산의 관속식물상을 밝히고 주요 식물들의 분 포를 조사하였다. 2015년 7월부터 2016년 6월까지 총 30회에 걸쳐 수행되었으며, 그 결과 관속식물은 112과 358속 417종 8아종 48변종 8품종 2교잡종으로 총 483분류군이 확인되었다. 본 조사에서 발견된 483분류군 중에서 국립생물자원관 지정 적색목 록식물이 3분류군, 국립수목원 지정 희귀식물이 8분류군, 한반 도 고유종이 4분류군으로 조사되었다. 또한 식물구계학적 특정 식물은 29분류군, 귀화식물은 42분류군, 귀화율은 8.6%이었다. 관속식물의 유용도는 식용이 190분류군(39.3%), 목초용이 162분류군(33.5%), 약용이 154분류군(31.8%), 관상용이 58분 류군(12.0%), 목재용이 14분류군(2.8%), 공업용이 2분류군(0.4%) 그리고 섬유용이 5분류군(1.0%)으로 나타났다.

Circulation state and changes in quality during ripening of strawberry were investigated. Tissue damage of the fruit happened when it was harvested and selected. Strawberry has been harvested without considering of fruit temperature in the farm. It takes 25 hours from Goreung which is main production area of strawberry to retailer, and seasonal variation in the price was severe. Shelf-life of strawberry from Feb to Mar was 5-6 days, and was 24-30 hours from May to June. Desirable ripening stage was 28-30th day after blooming and 40th day and after this was over ripening stage when the degree of ripening estimated by color "a" value and color saturation. Overall eating quality and vitamin C contents and sugar content were more higher in the fruit of the desirable ripening stage than that of unripening and over ripening stage. The dark redness degree was high in the over ripening stage.