This study is to make the preservation plan for sustainable preservation restoration of Namsa-Yedamchon, Sancheong-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do through analyzing the site's characteristics and prototype landscape. Namsa-Yedamchon proudly presents ancient traditions and various historic resources. And several development plan and projects associated with historic resources of this site are in progress. Therefore, it was carried out to make master plan of Namsa-Yedamchon for preserving various prototype landscape. To achieve this, literature search, field survey, local residents' interview and the estimation of value on each prototype landscape were carried out. In literature search, it was analyzed to the previous studies related to this study and past data was collected like past picture, antique books, articles and so on. In field survey, it was carried out to analyze the present condition and the problems of prototype landscape in this site. In addition, the progress of landscape change in this site was analyzed through local residents' interview. The estimation of value on each prototype landscape was carried out to set up the appropriate preservation directions and preservation scope through selecting more important prototype landscape among them. Through these steps, the master plan was deducted and it was divided into 3 type; preservation conservation zone, restoration maintenance zone and renovation utilization according to landscape components, preservation scope, surroundings and so on.

식품의 저장성을 향상시키고 유통기한을 연장하는 수단으로서 사용되는 여러 변형기체포장이 호박 설기떡의 품질보존에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 대조구인 기체투과성 stretch wrap 포장과 함께, 소매 유통단위로 호박 설기떡을 트레이에 담아서 기체차단성 플라스틱 필름봉지 안에 함기, 진공, 60% /40% , 100% 의 조건으로 포장하고 에 20일간 저장하면서 총균수, 곰팡이/효모, 색택, texture 를 측정하였다. 60% /40% 와 10

화장품에서 일반적으로 사용되고 있는 대표적인 자외선차단 원료들과 방부제인 phenoxyethanol (PE), 항균효과가 있는 ethylhexylglyceirn (EG)의 분배계수와 흡착도를 측정하여 비교하였고, 제품의 포장재 재질에 따라 PE가 흡착되는 정도를 비교하였다. PE, EG에 대한 11개 자외선 차단제의 분배계수는 EG가 상대적으로 높게 나타났으며 그중 Tinsorb M, Solaveil CT434가 높은 분배계수를 보였다. 40 % 이상의 EG 흡착을 보인 자외선 차단 원료는 Gransil PSQ, UV Titan M 160, Micro TiO2 MT 100 TV였고, Gransil PSQ와 Scadder는 40 % 이상의 PE를 흡착하였다. 또한 PE는 포장재 원료인 polyoxymethylene에 의해 1개월 후 7 ~ 8 % 흡착됨을 확인하였다. 자외선차단제품의 방부처방을 설계할 때 사용되는 자외선 차단제와 방부제와의 상관성을 고려하여 적절한 방부제 및 차단제를 선정해야 적은 방부제로도 최적의 방부력을 갖는 제품 설계가 가능함을 보여준다. 또한 포장재의 종류에 따라 시간이 경과하면서 방부제가 포장재에 흡착되어 방부력이 저하될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

갈계숲 산림유전자원보호림은 보전가치가 높은 소나무,오리나무,느티나무가 분포하여 생태적으로 중요하나 내부에 가선정,도계정 등 역사문화자원을 포함하고 있고 마을과 인접하여 이용공간으로도 중요하므로 균형잡힌 보전․이용계획을 제안하고자 하였다. 조사결과 하천 내부에 입지하여 물리적으로는 물이풍부하나 마사질 토양의 특성으로 소나무(32.1%)가 우점종이었으나 하층식생은 빈약했으며 유전자보호목에 속하는 오리나무(5.2%)와 느티나무(17.7%)는 갈계정이 입지한 중반부의 수변과 내부의 갈계정 주변에 분포하였다. 운동시설은 하단부에 입지하여 보전과 이용의 공간부분이 가능한 상태이었다. 내부에는 소나무 255주, 오리나무 56주, 느티나무 132주와 함께 비자생종도 17종 113주가 식재되어 고유 생태계를 교란할 위험성이 있었다.유전자보호수목 중 30% 이상이 고사하여 생육불량인 수목은 126주(19.8%)로 지속적인 쇠퇴현상을 나타내고 있었다.이는 사면 침식방지를 위해 성토와 함께 콘크리트로 마감하여 하천과의 소통이 단절되었고 운동시설 설치와 휴게공간화 등 이용 심화가 원인인 것으로 나타났다. 관리에 있어서 시설물 설치로 인한 유전자원 훼손을 방지하기 위해서는 수계의 흐름을 고려하여 오리나무 생육과 연관된 지역의 석축을 제거하고 대경목 주변에 설치된 운동시설은 하단부 퇴적지로 옮기는 등 환경을 개선해야 할 것이다. 비자생종 식재과 차대목 육성 부재로 인한 쇠퇴현상을 방지하기 위해서는 유전자보호목에서 종자를 채취․발아시켜 키운 유목을 식재하여야 할 것이다. 이용공간의 난립은 상단부와 수변을 중심으로 하는 유전자원 보전공간과 하단부를 중심으로 하는 이용공간을 엄격하게 구분하여 더 이상의 확장을 방지하여야 할 것이다.

천식 완화용 음료의 저장 중 이화학적 특성의 변화를 관찰한 바, pH의 경우 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 3.50에서 3.65로 약간 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 당도는 저장 초기값이 저장 25일째 측정한 값과 차이를 거의 보이지 않았다. 저장기간에 따른 색도의 변화는 L값, a, b값 모두 저장기간이 길어질수록 약간 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 저장 온도가 에서 저장한 경우 그 증가폭이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 관능적 특성의 변화에서는 저장에 따른 음료의

The purpose of this study is to propose the policies for preservation, formation and management of Korean rural landscape. For this, the current rural landscape policies are examined and recent legislative changes are also surveyed. The Landscape Law and the Comprehensive Countermeasures for Rural Landscape Improvement are the most significant changes. The proposed issues are as follows: 1. the establishment of rural landscape planning system, 2. the arrangement of the criteria and guideline for rural landscape planning and design, 3. the re-arrangement of the rural landscape index and landscape map, 4. the survey and management of the rural landscape amenity, 5. the revitalization of the landscape projects for rural area, 6. the pragmatic connection with other law and system(especially the Landscape Law), 7. the education and cultivation of the rural landscape expert groups.

The dichotomous-choice contingent valuation method is applied to estimate the landscape value of Jeju mandarin(orchard). A distribution-free approach, Turnbull empirical distribution model, is employed to solve negative willingness to pay and truncation problems. The data used are collected from the interviews with tourist about willingness-to-pay at the various donation amount levels of Jeju mandarin(orchard)'s landscape value. The evaluation result is shown that the average amount of willingness to pay for the Jeju mandarin's landscape value is 12,926 won per person with standard deviation of 1,874.7 won/person. When the number of Jeju visitors is considered, the economic value of Jeju mandarin's landscape rises every year(2005:64.89 billion won, 2011: 84.43 billion won). The average economic value of Jeju mandarin's landscape are estimated 59.65 billion won during 2000-2005 and 76.88 billion won during 2006-2011, respectively.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the problems of operating the Direct Payment Program for Rural Landscape Preservation and to derive the way of improvement based on case study for three areas in Bonghwa-gun, Cheongwon-gun, Hongseong-gun. The most important factor for the program is farmer's consciousness and positive participation of the farmer who are the subject of this project. Even if farmers are not satisfied with the amount of direct payment income, they try to create income by utilizing landscape preservation crops. Particularly current unit payment dose not surpass the for the crops farm operating costs and payment time is not appropriate for the farming cycle. Hence, it needs to be considered increasing unit payment and rearranging the payment time. Also, we need to introduce incentive system based the degree of fulfillment of the Direct Payment Program in each areas. In general the Direct Payment Program for Rural Landscape Preservation has potentiality to contribute farmer's income stability and the vitalization of region with three revisions.

The purpose of this paper is to estimate economic value of multi-functionality roles including landscape and so on, which grassland in Jeju possesses, using Dichotomous Choice Contingent Valuation Method (DC-CVM). Grassland is life cultural heritance of regional residents in Jeju. It has functions like development of favorable landscapes, maintenance of cultural heritage, and recreation/relaxation. Expectation from regional visitors shows that the existence and inheritance value of grassland is higher than we expected. According to the research that we had done from the people that had agreed to contribute grassland. moreover the public commercial value of grassland was not only 397~419 billion won but also it will increase an economic gain in every year in Jeju. Therefore, preserving grassland that has multi-functional roles and values can lead to huge economic value in the future in Jeju. Moreover, farm households which are located in the grassland conservation area would be supported 15~31 billion won in every year for grassland conservation but it is only 4~8% of the economic value of grassland i.e. 3,971~4190 billion won. Thus, grassland preservation policy and plan can raise green-tour commercial value of Jeju area as a long-term inside measurement. Those will have to be propelled continuously.

The dichotomous-choice contingent valuation method is applied to estimate the landscape value of Jeju Island's stonewall fencing farming land. A distribution-free approach, Turnbull empirical distribution model, is employed to solve negative willingness to pay and truncation problems. The data used are collected from the interviews with tourist about willingness-to-pay at the various donation amount levels of Jeju stonewall's landscape value. The evaluation result is shown that the average amount of willingness to pay for the Jeju stonewall fencing farming land is 3,001 won per meter with standard deviation of 511.0 won/m.

The purpose of this study is to develop the landscape resource assessment system(LRAS) to help evaluate the value of landscape resources(Jeju Island's Stonewall fencing farming land) for the introduction of direct payment system of the landscape preservation objectively and to applicate the model in the fields. Delphi survey on Jeju's stonewall experts shows that the order of priority among value evaluation elements on Jeju's stonewall is its harmony with surroundings(34%), the preservation of its original state(34%) and its density and scale(32%). Evaluation system development of landscape resources(Jeju's stonewall fencing filming land) and field observation survey utilizing it consists of the following five steps. Step 1 includes the first Delphi survey on Jeju's stonewall experts to decide its value evaluation elements and their priority. Step 2 is the second Delphi survey on Jeju's stonewall experts to grade pictures of landscape resources(Jeju's stonewall fencing farming land) on the basis of expert-proposed value evaluation standards. Step 3 consists of analysis work using the result of Delphi survey on experts. Step 4 is to select five grade standard pictures according to each of three grading elements of A, B, C belonging to each of the three standards. Then, it is necessary to make panels including five A-grade pictures, five B-grade pictures and five C-grade pictures according to each of the three elements of density, harmony, and original state preservation. Step 5 consists of field observation survey. According to the result of few experts' value evaluation of stonewall fencing farming land with the aid of NRAS developed in this research, the area of Pyeongdae-ri is ranked first, and then the area of Bukcheon-ri, Chocheon-up, the area of Gwakgi-ri, Ewol-up, the area of Shinum-ri, Ewol-up and the area of Yongsu-ri, hankyung-Myun are ranked in the order named. When those areas are graded, A Grade Areas includes the areas of Pyeongdae-ri, the area of Bukcheon-ri, the area of Gwakgi-ri, B Grade Areas consist of the area of Shinum-ri and the area of Yongsu-ri, and the areas of Onpyeong, wimi and youngrak belong to C Grade Area.

In Korea, a regulation of visual impact evaluation on development plan in natural environment is provided at the Natural Environment Conservation Act, but it was difficult to obtained the effectiveness enough to conserve natural landscape. So, the visual impact review on development plan is introduced to the act, through the revision of the Natural Environment Conservation Act in 2005. The basic directions of visual impact review are preservation, restoration, view protection, and harmony. The items of review are as follows; (1) development alternations for the provided plan, (2) executive reduction plan of visual impacts including consideration of growth of plants, (3) deliberation process between persons or parties concerned, etc. For rapid settlement of visual impact review system, it needs that the validity, the reliability, and the objectivity should be confirmed through steady research about reasonable guidance of review.

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the economic value of Multi-functionality Roles including landscape and so on, which traditional stone fences in Korea possess, using Dichotomous Choice Contingent Valuation Method (DC-CVM). The stone fences is life cultural heritance of regional residents. It has functions like Development of Favorable Landscapes, Maintenance of Cultural Heritage, and Recreation/Relaxation. Expectation from regional visitors shows that the existence and inheritance value of the stone wall is higher then we expected. According to the research that we had done from the people that had agreed to contribute the stone wall. moreover the public commercial value of regional tradition stone was not only 2,900 billion won but also it will increase an economic gain in every year. Therefore, preserving the stone wall that has Multi-functional Roles and values can lead to huge economic value in the future. But farmhouses in the stone wall conservation area are being supported 9 billion won in every year. This is only 0.03% of the income that farmhouse earns per year. Thus, stone wall preservation policy and plan can raise green-tour commercial value of inland area as a long-term inside measurement. Those will have to be propelled continuously.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the value of stone fences in Jeju Island. The result that executes attitude survey to local resident and visitor can be summarizing as following. First are the function and the value of Jeju traditional stone fences. Local resident favored the culture heritage succession and evaluated its' usage Value highly. Visitors also have favored rural landscape offer function and evaluated inheritance value (Bequest Value) highly. Secondly, 80.5% of visitors, 78.1% of local resident have formed opinion about preservation of traditional stone fences. But the Willingness to pay for traditional stone fences fund was raised by 38.6% in local resident and 55.7% in visitor. The reason that willingness to pay does not exist is that it is chargeable to connection group and government, or it has no money to pay. Thirdly, local resident wanted to use made up stone fence preservation fund in rural landscape offer function. Visitor wanted that it is used to raise various function of stone fence.

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the economic value of Multi-functionality Roles including landscape and so on, which the stone fences in Jejudo possess, using Dichotomous Choice Contingent Valuation Method(DC-CVM). The stone wall is life cultural heritance of Cheju islanders. It has functions like Development of Favorable Landscapes, Maintenance of Cultural Heritage, and Recreation/Relaxation. Expectation from Cheju visitors shows that the existence and inheritance value of the stone wall is higher then we expected. According to the research that we had done from the people that had agreed to contribute the stone wall, the result was that the public commercial value of Cheju tradition stone will increase every yew(2006: 367 billion won, 2011: 437.1 billion won). Therefore, preserving the stone wall that has Multi-functional Roles and values can lead to huge economic value in the future. But farmhouses in the stone wall conservation area are being supported 6 million won every year. This is only 10% of the income that farmhouse ems per year. Thus, stone wall preservation policy and plan that can raise green-tour commercial value of Cheju Island of long-term inside measurement will have to be propelled continuously.

우리나라의 전통 밑반찬류에 대한 재료 및 가공에 대하여 보존적 burdle의 특성을 파악한 결과 첫째는 밑반찬에 사용되는 재료들에서 1차적인 hurdle이 적용되고, 2차로 양념류에서 burdle이 적용되어 저장성과 안전성을 부여하고 있다. 둘째는 조리과정에서 삶고, 데치고, 끊이고, 볶고, 튀기는 공정을 거침으로써 수분활성도 및 pH를 조절하여 보존성을 향상 시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 대부분의 밑반찬들의 염 농도는 범위를 가지고 있으며,

광물의 용해속도는 기후에 따라 지역적인 차이는 있으나, 일반적으로 화강암을 구성하는 광물중 장석류의 풍화속도가 다른 광물에 비해 비교적 빠르기 때문에 파손 정도는 장석의 안정성에 지배된다. 지구화학적 반응 모델링 결과, 강우에 의해서 화강암이 변질되는데 걸리는 시간은 다른 변수를 고려하지 않고 pH만을 고려한 pH=4.5인 산성수내에서의 변질속도와 비교할 때 일반적인 빗물(pH=5.7)보다 약 2.3배 더 빠른 것으로 계산되었다. 이러한 결과는 화강암질 석조문화재의 보존에 있어서 pH가 중요한 요소로 작용할 수 있음을 의미한다. 석조문화재의 풍화를 억제하기 위해서는 암석의 풍화특성이 우선적으로 규명되어야 하며, 가수분해, 산 반응 등의 화학적 풍화작용은 물과의 접촉에 의해 이루어지므로 물을 차단하기 위하여 발수코팅, 오일코팅 또는 건조환경을 조성하는 방안을 고려해야 할 것이다. 세척제와 생물방제를 이용할 시는 빗물이나 화강암과의 장기적 반응을 고려하여 중성화작용과 환원성 환경이 형성될 수 있는 재질의 선택이 매우 중요하다.

Bovine embryos produced by in vitro maturation, feretilization and development was examined for presevation and transfer. The fertilization medium used BO medium with 5 mM/ caffeine and 10/ heparin and adjusted to a pH of 7.2 to 7.4. The final concentration of spermatozoa was adjusted to 1 cells/ motile sperm during fertilization in vitro. At 8~10 hrs after insemination, the oocytes were transferred into CR1aa medium and cultured for 7 days. Embryos were preserved by vitrification method for transfer. When the embryos of early, blastocyst and expanded blastocyst stages were frozen-thawed, the proportions of embryos with normal morphology 83.6, 88.1 and 85.2%. (중략)

매실 추출물의 식품 보존제로서의 이용가능성을 검토하기 위하여 각각 0.5%, 1% 농도의 매실 추출물의 김치 유산균의 성장에 미치는 영향을 조사하고 1%, 3%의 매실 추출물을 김치에 첨가하여 숙성에 따른 이화학적, 미생물학적 변화를 관찰하였다. 매실 추출물의 농도가 높을수록 유산균의 성장을 억제하는 것으로 나타났으며 김치 숙성 중 pH, 산도, 총균수, 유산균수, 색상, 기호성을 대조구와 비교한 결과 매실 추출물 첨가구의 경우 pH 감소속도는

항균력의 우수성이 확인된 황금추출물을 포장필름소재로 개발하여 과채류에 대한 포장실험을 한 결과는 다음과 같다. 즉, 1% 농도로 황금추출물을 첨가시킨 저밀도 폴리에틸렌(LDPE) 필름에 의하여 딸기를 포장하고 5에서 저장하면서 품질변화를 실험한 결과 무첨가 대조필름에 비해 호기성 총균수, 곰팡이 및 효모수로 측정된 미생물의 증식을 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 미생물 증식억제의 효과로 인하여 항균성 필름은 포장된 딸기의 부패율을 낮추어 주고,