According to a recent government study, development and distribution of functional building materials are increasing in Korea.
In this study, we evaluated reduction performance of formaldehyde and toluene by sorptive building materials using small-scale chamber(20L) test method for 7 days.
According to the results of this study, 18 building materials showed that the effects of formaldehyde reduction among the 23 building materials. And the number of the building materials with respect to its ability to reduce the concentration of toluene was relatively small.
The mean sorption rate and total amount of sorption for formaldehyde were 36.8% and 1,525.4㎍/㎡, respectively. The sorption rate and total amount of sorption for formaldehyde were in the range 1.5∼78.4% and 87.5∼3,086.0㎍/㎡, respectively.
And the mean sorption rate and total amount of sorption for toluene were 11.6% and 1,054.4㎍/㎡, respectively. The sorption rate and total amount of sorption of toluene were in the range 0.1∼62.4% and 29.6∼6,764.0㎍/㎡, respectively.
In most cases, the performance of the building materials with respect to its ability to reduce the concentration of pollutants has steadily decreased within 7 days.

The PP-g-Vim-CH3I adsorbent, which possesses antibacterial and ion-exchange functions, was synthesized by photoinduced grafting of 1-vinyl imidazole (Vim) onto polypropylene, non-woven fabric and subsequent quaternization using methyl iodide (CH3I). The adsorption properties of PP-g-Vim-CH3I for nitrate ion were studied in batch mode and fixed-bed columns. The adsorption equilibria of NO3-N on PP-g-Vim-CH3I were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model, and the adsorption energy was 9.03 kJ/mol, which indicates an ion-exchange process. Adsorption-kinetic data were fitted with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The Bohart-Adams model was found to be suitable for simulating the breakthrough curves obtained from the fixed-bed columns. The fixed-bed sorption capacity of nitrate ion from the model was in the range 100.8 ~ 108.6 mg/g without the presence of competing anions but decreased to the range 55.7 ~ 96.2 mg/ g in groundwater due to adsorption competition with the coexisting anions, especially SO4 2− ion. The PP-g-Vim-CH3I adsorbent could be regenerated by washing with 1.0 N NaCl without serious lowering the adsorption capacity.

In recent years, the demand for advanced treatments in the water-treatment industry has increased, and physicochemicalseparation technologies have come into wide use. However, biofouling is a major problem for the separation processes in water and wastewater treatment. One anti-biofouling strategy is to construct antibacterial surfaces. In this work, polypropylene (PP) fiber was endowed with antibacterial/adsorption property by photoinduced graft polymerization of 1- vinyl imidazole (Vim) followed by quaternization with alkyl iodides. A concentration of Vim equal to 5 vol.% in 10-20 vol.% methanol, a photoirradiation time of 5 h and a reaction temperature of 80oC proved to be optimal for the grafting of Vim onto PP. The modified PP fibers were characterized by means of FT-IR, SEM, antibacterial and adsorption tests. We found that the quaternized PP-g-Vim fiber with methyl iodide exhibited high adsorption capacity for NO3-N and excellent antibacterial activities against both E. coli and S. aureus.

A manufacturing method is proposed for a sorbent material comprised of functional ceramic loess balls mixed with food waste and regenerated activated carbon. The physical characteristics and adsorption performance were also evaluated. Adding activated carbon improved the porosity and increased the specific surface area of the balls. The iodine-adsorbing capacity was evaluated with different mixing ratios of activated carbon. The capacity was improved as the mixing ratio was increased. The activated carbon was regenerated through a high-temperature burning process after reaching the breakthrough point. A column test was conducted to examine the methylene blue adsorption, and the adsorption rate also increased with the activated carbon mixing ratio. At mixing ratios of above 5%, the adsorption rate showed a high increase in the early stage and reached equilibrium after 6 minutes of reaction. However, it was impossible to reach the equilibrium state without activated carbon in the loess balls. Thus, it is apparent that activated carbon plays an important role in improving the adsorption efficiency. The optimum mixing ratio of activated carbon was 5%. At this ratio, the iodine adsorption rate showed a moderate rise, the adsorption efficiency was relatively high, and the methylene blue adsorption reached equilibrium.

쇄설성 퇴적층 위주의 퇴적상을 갖는 것으로 알려진 영일 지역 장기층군의 함탄층 내에 실제로는 상당한 규모의 화산쇄설성 퇴적암류가 혼재된다. 전체적으로 이 함탄층은 화성쇄설성 암상과 단순 쇄설성 암상이 교호되는 양상을 보인다. 부석편을 함유하는 응회암과 응회질 사암이 함탄층의 특징적인 화산쇄설성 암상을 이룬다. 상 하부 함탄층의 화산쇄설성 암석에서 속성기원으로 산출되는 변질광물로는 몬모릴로나이트와 클리놉틸로라이트가 주된 광물상을 이루고 여기에 단백석과 석영이 수반된다. 광물조성과 양이온 치환능력 면에서 일부 층준에서는 응회질 암석들이 저품 위 제올라이트나 벤토나이트 광층을 이룬다. 또한 대부분 1 m 미만의 박층을 이루기 때문에 전형적인 제올라이트나 벤토나이트 자원으로서의 유용성과 잠재성은 낮은 것으로 판단된다. 그렇지만 인접하는 이들 광층들이 함께 개발될 수 있다면, 광물조성과 CEC 수치 면에서 산성백토와 같은 흡착기능성 광물자원으로서의 활용 가능성은 충분한 것으로 평가된다.