목적 : 본 문헌 고찰은 임상 전문가가 임상환경에서 3D 프린팅 기술을 활용한 보조도구를 적용하거나 관련 연구를 수행할 때 참고할 수 있는 기초 자료를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구방법 : 국내･외의 전자 데이터베이스 KCI, RISS, PubMed, Scopus와 Web of Science를 사용하여 문헌을 검색하였 다. 검색된 문헌은 문헌 선정 과정에 따라 연구자 2인의 검토를 거쳤으며, 최종 16개의 논문이 선정되었다. 선정된 논문 은 출판연도 및 근거 수준, 저자의 전공 분야, 연구대상자의 일반적 특성, 보조도구의 종류 및 활동 영역, 주요 종속변인 및 평가도구에 대하여 분석하였다. 결과 : 16개의 논문을 분석하여 동향을 살펴본 결과 6편의 논문이 2024년도에 출판되었다. 연구의 근거 수준을 살펴본 결 과, 10편의 논문이 Level 5인 사례연구로 나타났다. 저자의 전공 분야를 살펴본 결과, 보건의료학에 포함되는 전공이 34 회로 나타나 가장 많았으며 그 중에는 작업치료학 전공이 8회로 가장 많았다. 지체장애인을 대상으로 한 연구가 11편으로 가장 많았으며, 지체장애인 중에는 척수손상 장애인을 대상으로 한 연구가 7편으로 가장 많았다. 보조도구를 활동을 중심 으로 분석하였을 때, 식사, 정보접근, 쓰기 활동을 위한 보조도구가 각 6편에서 나타나 가장 많았으며, 보조도구의 종류 는 홀더, 커프형 홀더, 스플린트형 홀더, 기타 보조도구로 구분되었다. 종속변인 및 평가도구에는 보조도구의 만족도를 Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology(QUEST 2.0)를 이용하여 평가한 문헌이 9편으 로 가장 많았다. 결론 : 본 연구를 통해 3D 프린팅을 활용하여 제작된 보조도구 연구의 출판 연도 및 근거 수준, 저자의 전공 분야, 연구대 상자의 일반적 특성, 보조도구의 종류 및 활동 영역, 주요 종속변인 및 평가도구에 대한 분석을 수행하여 향후 연구에 대 한 방향성을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 작업치료학을 포함한 보건의료학 분야에서 보다 높은 근거수준 의 연구가 이루어 질 것으로 기대된다.

PURPOSES : This study aimed to perform real-time on-site construction volume management by using Internet of things (IoT) technology consisting of 3D scanning, image acquisition, wireless communication systems, and mobile apps for new and maintenance construction of concrete bridge deck overlays. METHODS : LiDAR was used to scan the overlay before and after construction to check the overlay volume. An enhanced inductively coupled plasma (ICP) method was applied to merge the LiDAR data scanned from multiple locations to reduce noise, and an anisotropic filter was applied for efficient three-dimensional shape modeling of the merged LiDAR data. The construction volume counter of the mobile mixer was directly photographed using an IP camera, and the data were transmitted to a central server via the LTE network. The video images were transmitted to the central server and optical character recognition (OCR) was used to recognize the counter number and store it. The system was built such that the stored information could be checked in real time in the field or at the office. RESULTS : As a result of using LiDAR to check the amount of overlay construction, the error from the planned amount was 0.6%. By photographing the counter of the mobile mixer using an IP camera and identifying the number on the counter using OCR to check the quantity, the results showed that there was a 2% difference from the planned quantity. CONCLUSIONS : Although the method for checking the amount of construction on site using LiDAR remains limited, it has the advantage of storing and managing the geometric information of the site more accurately. Through the IoT-based on-site production management system, we were able to identify the amount of concrete used in real time with relative accuracy.

본 연구에서는 3D 프린팅 기술과 인체공학 순설계를 이용하여 턱관절 자기공명영상 동적 턱관절 검사 보조기구를 개발하고자 하였다. 3D 프린팅 기술 재료는 3D 프린터(Sindo, 3DWOX1, Korea), 3D 모델러 프로그램(Fusion 360, autodesk, USA), PLA(polylactic Acid) 필라멘트 소재를 이용하였고, 영상 검사는 3.0T 자기공명영상 장비 (Magnetom Vida, Siemens, Germany)를 사용하였다. 개발 방법은 성인 30명(남:13명, 여:17명, 평균나이 22.9±2.0세)의 안면뼈 CT(computed tomography) 검사의 단면 영상을 역학적으로 실측하여 상/하악궁의 형상을 모델링하였다. 모델링된 파일은 FDM(fused deposition modeling) 방식으로 3D 프린팅하였다. 출력된 보조기구는 자화 감수성 인공물 실험, 동적 영상 비교, 만족도 평가로 성능을 평가하였다. 그 결과, 자화감수성 인공물 발생은 개발된 개구 보조 장비와 비교하여 모든 영상에서 유의한 차이가 없었다. 동적 비교 영상에서는 TSE 기법이 모든 평가 법에서 가장 우수한 영상 품질을 보였다. 만족도 평가에서는 피검자는 평균 4.3점, 방사선사는 평균 4.4점으로 높은 만족도를 보였다. 결론적으로 인공물 발생이 없는 환자 맞춤형 보조기구에 개구의 동적 기능이 탑재된 보조기구 를 개발하였다.

In the contemporary era, 3D printing technology has become widely utilized across diverse fields, including biomedicine, industrial design, manufacturing, food processing, aerospace, and construction engineering. The inherent advantages of automation, precision, and speed associated with 3D printing have progressively led to its incorporation into road engineering. Asphalt, a temperature-responsive material that softens at high temperatures and solidifies as it cools, presents distinctive challenges and opportunities in this context. For the effective implementation of 3D printing technology in road engineering, 3D printed asphalt (3DPA) must exhibit favorable performance and printability. This requires attributes such as good fluidity, extrudability, and buildability. Furthermore, materials utilizing 3DPA for crack repair should possess high viscosity, elasticity, toughness, superior high-temperature stability, and resistance to low-temperature cracking. These characteristics ultimately contribute to enhancing pavement longevity and ensuring worker safety.

Porous ceramics are used in various industrial applications based on their physical properties, including isolation, storage, and thermal barrier properties. However, traditional manufacturing environments require additional steps to control artificial pores and limit deformities, because they rely on limited molding methods. To overcome this drawback, many studies have recently focused on fabricating porous structures using additive manufacturing techniques. In particular, the binder jet technology enables high porosity and various types of designs, and avoids the limitations of existing manufacturing processes. In this study, we investigated process optimization for manufacturing porous ceramic filters using the binder jet technology. In binder jet technology, the flowability of the powder used as the base material is an important factor, as well as compatibility with the binder in the process and for the final print. Flow agents and secondary binders were used to optimize the flowability and compatibility of the powders. In addition, the effects of the amount of added glass frit, and changes in sintering temperature on the microstructure, porosity and mechanical properties of the final printed product were investigated.

A person who performs or plans to conduct a physical protection inspection as stipulated by the law, the act on physical protection and radiological emergency, should obtain an inspector’s ID card certified and authorized by Nuclear Safety and Security Commission Order No.137 (referred to as Order 137). In addition, according to Order 137, KINAC has been operating some training courses for those with the inspector’s ID card or intending to acquire it. Also, strenuous efforts have been put to incrementally elevate their inspection related expertise. Since Republic of Korea has to import uranium enriched less than 20% in order to manufacture fuels of nuclear reactors in domestic and abroad, the physical protection for categorization III nuclear material in transit is significantly important along with an increase in transport. The expertise of inspectors should be constantly needed to strengthen as the increase in transport leads to an increase in inspection of nuclear material in transit. We have suggested a special way to improve the inspector’s capacities through Virtual Reality technology (VR). A 3-Dimensional virtual space was designed and developed using a 3-axis simulator and VR equipment for practical training. HP’s Reverb G2 product, which was developed in collaboration with VALVE Corporation and MicroSoft, was used as VR equipment, and the 3-axis motion simulator was developed by M-line STUDIO corp. in Korea for the purpose of realizing virtual reality. The training scenarios of transport inspection consist of three parts: preparation at the shipping point, transport in route including stops and handover at the receiving point. At the departure point, scenario of the transport preparation is composed with the contents of checking the transport-related documents which should be carried by shipper and/or carrier during transport and confirming who the shipper and/or carrier is. Second, scenario is designed for inspector to experience how carrier and/or shipper protect the nuclear material during transport or stops for rests or contingency and how they communicate with each other during transport. Lastly, scenario is developed focusing on key check items during handover of responsibilities to the facility operator at the destination. Those training scenarios can be adopted to strengthen the capabilities of those with inspector’s ID card of physical protection in accordance with Order 137 and to help new inspectors acquire inspectionrelated expertise. In addition, they can be used for domestic education to promote understanding of nuclear security, or may be used for education for people overseas for the purpose of export of nuclear facilities.

The progress of science and technology has driven the development of the society, and the application of threedimensional simulation technology in all walks of life has greatly improved people's life. Maritime affairs is an important part of comprehensive transportation. The improvement of maritime supervision and service level is conducive to the construction of domestic first-class economic law enforcement system and international leading maritime management institutions. Now the application of 3D simulation technology to maritime supervision is studied, aiming to improve the quality and efficiency of supervision, make maritime supervision more convenient and have further guarantee. Maritime supervision of ship environment is often more troublesome than personnel management. In the process of monitoring and control, many uncontrollable environmental factors greatly increase the difficulty of supervision, among which the port environment is more complex, which is a difficulty of monitoring and control in maritime supervision. This paper uses MapInfo Professional, Win Topo, Multigen Creator and other operating software to construct the Qingdao port visual simulation environment. The port topographic cloud map of Qingdao Port was captured, and the collected image information was converted into data through MapInfo Professional and Win Topo software, and then modeled by Multigen Creator software. After completing the general terrain outline, the established simulation scene was made more realistic and realistic through some detail processing and optimization means. By describing the establishment of 3D simulation terrain in Qingdao Port, the application status of the simulation technology in ship environment and port management is reflected, which provides a reference for the deeper application of 3D simulation technology in maritime supervision.

In this study, we aimed to apply 3D digital printing to basic clothing production and to propose futuristic fashion design and production methods that correspond to contemporary trends. Literature on future trends, dynamism, mechanical aesthetics, and experimentalism were used to define the characteristics of “futurism.” Based on theoretical considerations about futurism, we created fashion designs using 3D digital printing methods. These designs were produced using the aesthetic characteristics of futurism; the 3D digital clothing program; and application of digital printing technologies to futuristic silhouettes, colors, and materials. The results were as follows: First, with the application of futurism as a fashion motif, we pursued collaboration between artistic work and fashion, and we then explored the possibility of creative expression. Second, harmony between achromatic and chromatic colors revealed even better dynamism and activeness, and the potential to express dynamism was observed. Third, with the development of fashion design processes based on 3D digital printing methodologies, it was found to be possible to eliminate the limitations of time and space, solve problems related to limited budget or communication, and positively influence the fashion industry by enhancing convenience and diversity. Fourth, with the development of fashion design that utilizes digital printing, it was found that problems related to time, space, or limited budget were able to be solved, as compared to the use of traditional printing and image reproduction.

Digitization and automation technologies have rapidly maximized productivity and efficiency in all industries over the past few decades. Construction automation technology has either stagnated over the same period or has not kept pace with overall economic productivity. According to the research studies up to now, the output of concrete structures using coarse aggregates (8mm or more) is very limited due to the limitations of equipment and materials. In this study, information on the development process of 3DCP equipment that can print concrete structures with the printing width (100 mm or more) and printing thickness (30 mm or more) using a 3DCP material mixed with coarse aggregate (8 mm or more) is provided. To verify the performance of the developed 3DCP equipment, experimental data are provided on output variables, the number of layers, and the inter-layer printing time interval. The evaluation and verification data of various mechanical properties (compressive and splitting tensile strength) of printed materials using coarse aggregates are provided.

오래전부터 산업곤충으로서 이용되어온 누에는 최근 바이오 신소재 생산을 위한 생체공장으로써 주목받고 있다. 소재생산을 위해서는 주 로 형질전환 기술을 이용하게 되며, 이는 배아가 있는 알 속으로 목적 유전자를 삽입하는 마이크로인젝션(microinjection) 방식으로 이루어진다. 마이크로인젝션을 위해서는 알을 고정하는 과정이 필수적이며 시간 소모 및 피로도가 높은 작업이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 시간 소모 및 피로도 개선을 통하여 형질전환 효율을 높이고자 3D 프린팅을 이용하여 알의 정렬 및 고정에 도움을 줄 수 있는 알 배열판(egg liner) 및 접착제 줄눈판 (glue drawer)을 3DCADian 프로그램을 이용하여 모델링하고, Fusion 360를 이용하여 3차원 도면을 제작 후 프린팅하여 제작하였다. 제작된 두 도구를 이용하여 슬라이드 글라스에 알을 고정하고, 소요된 시간을 분석한 결과 도구를 사용하지 않았을 때에 비하여 2가지 도구를 이용했을 때 작업시간이 약18.6% 감소하였으며, 연구자의 작업 편의성을 향상시키고 마이크로인젝션을 위한 현미경 및 로봇 팔(manipulator) 조작을 유 리하게 하였다. 따라서 알의 배열 수 또는 조작 편의성을 개선할 수 있는 추가적인 연구 및 개량이 이루어진다면, 알 배열판 및 접착제 줄눈판이 누 에 형질전환 효율성 개선 및 다른 산업 곤충의 형질전환 연구에도 이용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Traditional tie-dyeing is widely implemented in the clothing handicraft culture in China, South Korea, and Japan. Since it was developed 2,000 years ago, it has become a popular method of fabric making in the world and is highly respected by fashion designers. Based on the existing traditional tie-dyeing methods, this study conducted specific research on the 3D printing technology of the SLS laser method and the micro tool design application method of the clamp-dyeing process. Through the experimental methods of this study, it proposes to use the “7000 Nylon” material, which is commonly used in 3D printing, to develop a new clamp-dyeing tool. This new tool can be widely used in the clamp-dyeing of fabrics, such as cotton, hemp, silk, and some chemical fibers. The applied method and principle can be consistent with the traditional clamp-dyeing method. Therefore, the innovation of tie-dyeing technology is the best protection measure for the development and inheritance of traditional fabric making. The continuation of artistic life needs originality, which is also the best response to market competition. At the same time, this new design of the clamp-dyeing tool has the characteristics of novelty, innovation, and rich changes, which aligns with the new fashion demands of current fabric design.

목적 : 본 연구에서는 체계적 고찰을 통해 3D 프린팅 기술을 상지보조기 제작에 적용한 사례에 대해 알아 보고, 향후 작업치료사가 임상현장에서 상지보조기 제작에 3D 프린팅 기술을 적용할 때 필요한 정보를 정리하여 임상적용에 유용한 기초자료를 제시하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 2013년부터 2017년까지의 최근 5년간의 논문을 전자 데이터베이스 RISS, KISS, Scopus, PubMed와 Google Scholar를 사용하여 검색하였다. 검색 키워드로는 “3D Printing AND Orthosis OR Splint OR Brace”을 사용하였다. 검색된 논문은 2차 분류를 거쳐 최종적으로 16개의 논문을 선정하였으며 이를 분석하고 고찰하였다. 결과 : 분석대상 논문의 약 80%가 단일대상 실험연구 및 사례연구로 질적수준은 낮은 편이었다. 제작자의 전공을 분석한 결과, 크게 4가지 계열로 구분됐으며, 그 중에서 공학계열이 가장 많았다. 다음으로는 보건계열이 많았으며, 작업치료전공자는 2명이었다. 제작된 상지보조기의 종류는 6가지였으며, 그 중에서 코크 업 보조기와 손가락 보조기가 가장 많이 제작되었다. 제작에 가장 많이 사용된 소재는 플라스틱 소재중 하나인 ABS수지였다. 분석된 논문에서 사용된 제조공법은 총 4가지가 있었으며, 가장 많이 사용된 제조공법은 FDM방식이다. 상지보조기 제작을 위한 상지 측정방법으로는 3D 스캐너가 가장 많이 사용되었다. 결론 : 이번 연구를 통하여 3D 프린팅 기술을 적용한 상지보조기 제작방법에 대해 알 수 있었다. 이를 근거로 작업치료사의 업무범위 중 한가지인 상지보조기 제작에 3D 프린팅 기술을 적용할 수 있는 기초근거를 제공하고, 추후 연구에 대한 방향성을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 작업치료분야에서 3D 프린팅 기술을 적용한 상지보조기 개발 및 연구가 더욱 활발하게 이루어질 것으로 기대한다.

3D프린팅 공법은 설계 데이터 및 제품의 특성에 따라 액체 또는 분말가루 형태의 폴리머, 금속 등의 재료를 사용한다. 3D프린팅 공법의 제조방식은 적층방식으로 입체구조물을 층층이 쌓아올려 3차원형상을 제조하는 방식을 말한다. 3D프린팅 기술은 30년(1980년대) 전에 개발된 기술이지만 최근 몇 년 사이에 업계의 관심이 집중되고 있다. 3D프린팅 기술의 적용범위는 기계 산업분야에서 의료분야, 항공 분야, 건설 및 토목분야 등으로 그 범위가 점점 확대되어가 고 있다 컨투어크래프팅(Contour Crafting)은 미국 남가주대학에서 15년(2000) 전에 세라믹재료를 이용하여 개발된 3D프린팅 공법이다. Trowel 구조를 도입하여 3D프린팅 공법의 핵심적 단점인 외부표면을 매끄럽게 하면서 3D자유형상을 제작하는 것이다. 현재의 이 공법은 시멘트를 이용 하여 구조물의 부가구성물뿐만이 아니라 전체구조물을 자동으로 만드는 것을 목적으로 한다. 또한 각층의 두께 및 폭이 일반 3D프린팅 공법과 비교할 수 없이 크고 넓게 함으로 건설 및 토목분야의 적용이 가능하다. 특히, 콘크리트재료를 이용하여 토목용 2차구조물 제작에 대한 기초적인 조사 및 개념을 상세히 설명된다