Digital restoration of non-verbal expressions is difficult to trust unless the documentation. The purpose of this study is a new documentation methodology that can intuitively confirm the basis for restoration. The technical method utilized the BIM program function by referring to Italia's VRIM and Korea's HBIM cases. And the direction of documentation distinguishes between 'positivism' based on archaeological data and 'interpretivism' based on hypotheses. Specifically, it was applied to the 'Mireuksa Restoration Project' and tried to document it experimentally. This documentation proposed a framework for recording evidence according to sources based on the context of regions. Technically, the data organized in the Excel DB were directly input into the 3D model using the BIM program function. So, the user was able to intuitively review by matching the absence of the model and document information. The documenting method of this study is flexible to modify the restoration information whenever new evidence is found. And it has the advantage of being able to easily inform by converting it to IFC format.

In the Joseon Dynasty, ‘Bocheom’ had the function of a shade, but in that it was a building that applied the construction method, it had a different structure and character from the shade as a simple facility. If Bocheom was placed on all four sides of the main building, the roof would be structured as a double-layer, making the entire building grand and splendid, so it was mainly adopted in authoritative architecture. The materials of Bocheom was significantly smaller than that of the main building, and it had square rafters on the roof, and no beams were installed between the Bocheom and the main building. Bocheom is an additional architectural element that is clearly distinct from the main building, and it is different from architecture where the roof is formed in layers and the floor plan is composed of the inner and outer floor. The outer and inner floor constitute a single building, but Bocheom is distinct from the main building. If the outer floor are removed, the building cannot be established, but even if Bocheom is removed, the proportions and function of the main building are maintained. Bocheom is an additional architectural element that makes the building grand and splendid and helps with the conduct of ceremonies, and for this reason, it was adopted in authoritative architecture of the Joseon Dynasty.

This study attempted to examine the relationship between traditional architecture and its corresponding modern architecture by using the dynamic characteristics of text linguistics. The study assumed that past and present buildings, which maintain some kind of relationship, were a single text, and explored its internal structure that generated continuous textuality. As a case study, the buildings by Wang Shu and Kuma Kengo was reinterpreted using the techniques of cohesive structure to analyze their continuity with each tradition. The results showed that both architects used a variety of strategies to inherit tradition, but there were also differences in applying expressive and semantic aspects. Wang Shu attempted a modern reinterpretation of its architectural expressions at various levels, while Kuma actively borrowed traditional materials, structures, and patterns allowing various alteration in their meanings. We found that some concepts of text linguistics could be applicable as a meaningful perspective for analyzing and evaluating modern architecture that inherits tradition. We hope that our approach will develop into a comprehensive methodology for architectural analysis through more diverse attempts in the future.

The purpose of this study is to develop a timely fall detection system aimed at improving elderly care, reducing injury risks, and promoting greater independence among older adults. Falls are a leading cause of severe complications, long-term disabilities, and even mortality in the aging population, making their detection and prevention a crucial area of public health focus. This research introduces an innovative fall detection approach by leveraging Mediapipe, a state-of-the-art computer vision tool designed for human posture tracking. By analyzing the velocity of keypoints derived from human movement data, the system is able to detect abrupt changes in motion patterns, which are indicative of potential falls. To enhance the accuracy and robustness of fall detection, this system integrates an LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) model specifically optimized for time-series data analysis. LSTM's ability to capture critical temporal shifts in movement patterns ensures the system's reliability in distinguishing falls from other types of motion. The combination of Mediapipe and LSTM provides a highly accurate and robust monitoring system with a significantly reduced false-positive rate, making it suitable for real-world elderly care environments. Experimental results demonstrated the efficacy of the proposed system, achieving an F1 score of 0.934, with a precision of 0.935 and a recall of 0.932. These findings highlight the system's capability to handle complex motion data effectively while maintaining high accuracy and reliability. The proposed method represents a technological advancement in fall detection systems, with promising potential for implementation in elderly monitoring systems. By improving safety and quality of life for older adults, this research contributes meaningfully to advancements in elderly care technology.

This study examines the Banja Dancheong style of traditional Korean architecture, with a particular emphasis on the lotus pattern found among the Woomul Banja ceiling patterns. The genesis of Korean ceiling decoration motifs can be traced back to the Goguryeo mural tombs of the mid-4th century. The oldest known examples of Banja Dancheong styles in Korean traditional architecture are Beomja lotus pattern decorated in well-shaped Banja of the Daeungjeon Hall of Bongjeongsa Temple in Andong (1435), the Geungnakbojeon Hall of Muwisa Temple in Gangjin (1430) and the Guksajeon Hall of Songgwangsa Temple (15th century). This Beomja lotus pattern, adorned with the ‘Om Mani Padme Hum’ mantra, emerges as an almost definitive example. Therefore, it is evident that this decorative element stands as a quintessential exemplar of the early style among well-shaped Banja decorations in Korean temple architecture. The Ohwayeonhwadangcho pattern, encapsulating the essence of the lotus motif, is a Dancheong pattern with a lineage that stretches back to the early Joseon Dynasty, where it was initially employed in the Banja wells. This pattern exhibits design characteristics that are perfectly suited to the square Banja wells. The lotus pattern, thus, has been extensively utilized as a decorative motif in palaces, temples, and Confucian architectural structures, evolving continuously from Korea’s Goguryeo period Dancheong patterns to the present day.

The mechanical performance of SiC/SiC composites is significantly influenced by the architecture of fiber reinforcement. Among the various fabrication methods, the nano-powder infiltration transition/eutectic (NITE) process is a promising technique that is capable of achieving a dense and stoichiometric SiC matrix. The reinforcement architecture, such as cross-ply (CP) or woven prepreg (WP), is determined during the preform stage of the NITE process, which is crucial in determining the mechanical properties of SiC/SiC composites. In this study, the tensile test and double notch shear (DNS) test were conducted using NITE-SiC/SiC composites to investigate the effect of the fiber reinforcing architecture on the fracture mechanism of SiC/SiC composites. The tensile strength and maximum shear strength of both CP and WP specimens were nearly identical. However, other mechanical properties, particularly those of CP specimens, exhibited significant variability. A comparison of fracture surfaces and load-displacement curve analyses from the DNS tests revealed that the cross points of the longitudinal or transverse fibers act as obstacles to both deformation and crack propagation. These obstacles were found to be more densely distributed in WP specimens than in CP specimens. The variability observed in the mechanical properties of CP specimens is likely due to size effects caused by the sparser distribution of these obstacles compared to the WP specimens.