Nuclear power plants use ion exchange resins to purify liquid radioactive waste generated while operating nuclear power plants. In the case of PHWR, ion exchange resins are used in heavy water and dehydration systems, liquid waste treatment systems, and heavy water washing systems, and the used ion exchange resins are stored in waste resin storage tanks. The C-14 radioactivity concentration in the waste resin currently stored at the Wolseong Nuclear Power Plant is 4.6×106 Bq/g, exceeding the low-level limit, and if all is disposed of, it is 1.48×1015 Bq, exceeding the total limit of 3.04×1014 Bq of C-14 in the first stage disposal facility. Therefore, disposal is not possible at domestic low/medium-level disposal facilities. In addition, since the heavy water reactor waste resin mixture is stored at a ratio of about 20% activated carbon and zeolite mixture and about 80% waste resin, mixture extraction and separation technology and C-14 desorption and adsorption technology are required. Accordingly, research and development has been conducted domestically on methods to treat heavy water waste resin, but the waste resin mixture separation method is complex and inefficient, and there are limitations in applying it to the field due to the scale of the equipment being large compared to the field work space. Therefore, we would like to introduce a resin treatment technology that complements the problems of previous research. Previously, the waste resin mixture was extracted from the upper manhole and inspection hole of the storage tank, but in order to improve limitations such as worker safety, cost, and increased work time, the SRHS, which was planned at the time of nuclear power plant design, is utilized. In addition, by capturing high-purity 14CO2 in a liquid state in a high-pressure container, it ensures safety for long-term storage and is easy to handle when necessary, maximizing management efficiency. In addition, the modularization of the waste resin separation and withdrawal process from the storage tank, C-14 desorption and monitoring process, high-concentration 14CO2 capture and storage process, and 14CO2 adsorption process enables separation of each process, making it applicable to narrow work spaces. When this technology is used to treat waste resin mixtures in PHWR, it is expected to demonstrate its value as customized, high-efficiency equipment that can secure field applicability and safety and reflect the diverse needs of consumers according to changes in the working environment.

Physicochemical properties and storage stability of plant-based alternative meat prepared with low-fat soybean powder (LPAM) treated by supercritical-CO2 and those of full-fat soybean powder (FPAM) were compared. Ash and crude protein contents were higher in LPAM than in FRAM. Water absorption capacity and oil absorption capacity were significantly higher in LPAM than in FPAM. Water binding capacity was higher in LPAM than in FPAM during a 20 days storage period at 5℃ and pH was significantly lower in LPAM than in FPAM after a 5~10 days storage period. Hardness, gumminess and chewiness significantly increased with the increase in the storage period, and the three were significantly higher in LPAM than in FPAM after 10 days and 20 days of storage. The acid value showed no remarkable difference according to the storage period in LPAM; however, it was significantly higher in FPAM than in LPAM after 20 days of storage. The peroxide value and TBA value were significantly increased according to the storage period, and were significantly lower iin LPAM than in FPAM during all the storage periods. Therefore, the use of low-fat soybean powder may be effective in improving oxidative stability during storage in the production of plant-based alternative meat.

느타리버섯 곤지7호의 수확 후 CO2 처리에 의한 품질 유지 효과 및 적정 처리 농도를 구명하고자 연구를 수행하였다. 수확한 버섯을 3°C에서 1일간 예냉 후에 CO2 농도 0, 30 및 50%에서 3시간 처리한 다음 20 μm 두께 OPP필름 봉지에 밀봉하여 3°C에 21일 저장하였다. 30% CO2 처리에서 대조직의 경도가 저장 21일까지 높게 유지 되었고, 대조직의 색은 명도(CIE L*값)가 30% CO2 처리 한 느타리버섯이 저장 14일, 21일에 높고 황색도(CIE b* 값)가 저장 2일, 7일에 낮게 나타났으며 외관품위가 저장 7일부터 저장기간 내내 대조구와 50% CO2 처리에 비해 높았으며 3°C 저장 중 17일까지 느타리버섯 곤지7호의 상품성을 유지하였다. 30% CO2 농도로 3시간 처리가 느타리버섯 곤지7호의 저온저장 중 품질 유지기간을 연장할 수 있는 수확 후 처리방법으로 판단되었다.

The effects of Postharvest CO2 treatment on the quality and shelf life of oyster mushroom packaged with oriented polypropylene (OPP) film bag were investigated. On the day of harvest, the ‘Gonji-7ho’ oyster mushroom grown by bottle cultivation of Jangheung County, Korea transferred to a laboratory in Wanju County and were cooled in a cold room at 3°C for 1 day and then treated with 30% or 50% CO2 for 3 hours at 3°C. After the CO2 treatment, 400 g of oyster mushroom were sealed into 20 μm thick OPP film bag (width: 29 cm, length: 24 cm) used in the actual farmhouse. The package gas composition, hardness, color change, off-flavor index, browning index, and overall quality were evaluated during storage at room temperature (RT) for 6 days and at 3°C for 21 days. As a result, During storage at RT, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the bag of 30%, 50% CO2 were higher than untreated and shelf-life of oyster mushroom at 50% CO2 was reduced 1 day due to off-flavor while 30% CO2 or untreated was 2 days. During storage at 3°C, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the bag was kept low at 30%, 50% CO2 treatment compared to untreated, the respiration of oyster mushroom at 30, 50% CO2 were lower than untreated during initial 7 days storage at 3°C, but ethylene production were not different. The hardness of oyster mushroom at 30% CO2 was higher, the lightness (L* value) of stem surface was higher, the yellowness (b* value), browning index was lower and odor index was lower than untreated or 50% CO2. 30% CO2 treated oyster mushroom packaged with OPP film bag kept 4.2~16.2% O2 and 4.2~15.5% CO2 concentration in the bag during storage at 3°C, and showed highest overall quality index. Marketable shelf-life was assessed 10 days for untreated, 17 days for 30% CO2, and 16 days for 50% CO2, respectively.

As recognized by all scientific and industrial groups, carbon dioxide(CO2) capture and storage(CCS) could play an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Especially carbon capture technology by dry sorbent is considered as a most energy-efficient method among the existing CCS technologies. Patent analysis has been considered to be a necessary step for identifying technological trend and planning technology strategies. This paper is aimed at identifying evolving technology trend and key indicators of dry sorbent from the objective information of patents. And technology map of key patents is also presented. In this study the patents applied in korea, japan, china, canada, US, EU from 1993 to 2013 are analyzed. The result of patent analysis could be used for R&D and policy making of domestic CCS industry.

도시가로수의 탄소흡수원 기능을 평가하기 위하여 가로수로 흔히 식재되는 9개 수종을 선정하여 수종별 탄소저장량과 연간 이산화탄소 흡수량을 산정하여 비교하였다. 수종별로 가로수 식재현황을 고려하여 대상지를 선정하고 흉고직경과 수령을 측정하였으며, 활엽수와 침엽수 상대생장식을 활용하여 가로수의 탄소저장량과 생장속도, 연간 이산화탄소 흡수량을 산정하였다. 튤립나무, 메타세쿼이아, 양버즘나무가 빠른 생장속도를, 벚나무, 은행나무, 느티나무, 회화나무, 단풍나무는 중간의 생장속도를, 소나무는 느린 생장속도를 가진 그룹으로 분류되었고, 속성수의 경우 전정관리와 환경요인의 영향을 크게 받는 것으로 평가되었다. 조사한 9개 대표수종의 1 그루당 평균 탄소저장량은 205kgC/tree로, 수종에 따라 최대 518kgC/tree(튤립나무)에서 최소 41kgC/tree(소나무)를 나타냈다. 또한, 수종별로 생장 전년에 걸쳐 수목 1 그루가 흡수한 이산화탄소량은 연간 평균 7.6~99.1kgCO2/tree/y 의 범위로, 튤립나무의 흡수량이 가장 높고 메타세쿼이아, 양버즘나무의 순이었으며, 소나무가 가장 낮았다. 대표수종의 연간 이산화탄소 흡수량을 기초로 추정한 경기도 전체 도시 가로수의 연간 이산화탄소 흡수량은 경기도의 산림이 흡수하는 이산화탄소량의 약 0.67% 정도로 매우 작은 것으로 평가되었다. 그러나, 경기도에서는 매년 산림이 감소하고 시가화면적이 확대되고 있어 도심 내 탄소흡수원 확대는 점점 중요해질 것으로 보이며, 도심 내에서 수목은 열섬현상을 완화시키고 건물 냉난방에너지를 절감시킴으로써 간접적으로 이산화탄소 배출을 감소시키는 기능 또한 매우 중요한 의미를 가지고 있어 보다 다기능적인 관리가 이루어질 필요가 있다.

This study was conducted to determine CO2 treatment condition to extend the shelf-life of ‘Seolhyang' strawberry. Fresh strawberries with red color on 80% of the fruit surface were harvested. The samples at two different stages (on the 1st and 3rd day after harvest) were placed in a gas-tight chamber with 0, 5, 15, or 30% CO2 concentration for 3 hours at 4℃. Then, the strawberry samples were immediately packaged in a PET tray and stored at 4℃. The carbon dioxide treatment was effective in maintaining the quality of ‘Seolhyang’ strawberries treated on the 1st day after harvest. These samples had higher firmness, lower redness, softening index, and decay rate compared to samples treated on the 3rd day after harvest. Treatment with both 15 and 30% of CO2 concentration on the 1st day after harvest induced an increase of firmness of ‘Seolhyang’ strawberry after the treatment. Samples treated with 15 and 30% CO2 the 1st day after harvest maintained quality for 10 days. However, samples treated with CO2 on the 3rd day after harvest lost marketability at 10 days of storage. At the atmosphere containing 30% CO2 on the 1st day after harvest was most effective in reducing decay rate and fruit softening, and maintaining bright red color of strawberries among different CO2 concentrations. Therefore, a 30% CO2 treatment within one day after harvest can be a practical postharvest technology to extend shelf-life of ‘Seolhyang’ strawberry.

Anthropogenic increases in greenhouse gas concentrations, primarily through radiative forcing from carbon dioxide, continue to challenge earth’s climate. This study quantified CO2 storage and uptake by dominant forest types and age classes in the middle region of Korea. In addition, the role of forest landscapes in reducing atmospheric CO2 against CO2 emissions based on energy consumption was evaluated. Mean CO2 storage and uptake per unit area by woody plants for three forest types and four age classes were estimated applying regression equations derived to quantify CO2 storage and uptake per tree; and computations per soil unit area were also performed. Total CO2 storage and uptake by forest landscapes were estimated by extrapolating CO2 storage and uptake per unit area. Results indicated mean CO2 storage per unit area by woody plants and soils was higher in older age classes for the same forest types, and higher in broadleaved than coniferous forests for the same age classes, with the exception of age class II (11-20 years). CO2 storage by broadleaved forests of age class V (41-50 years) averaged 662.0 t/ha (US$331.0 hundred/ha), highest for all forest types and age classes evaluated. Overall, an increased mean CO2 uptake per unit area by woody plants was evident for older age classes for the same forest types. However, decreased CO2 uptake by broadleaved forests at age class V was observed, compared to classes III and IV with an average of 27.9 t/ha/yr (US$14.0 hundred/ha/yr). Total CO2 storage by woody plants and soils in the study area was equivalent to 3.4 times the annual CO2 emissions, and woody plants annually offset the CO2 emissions by 17.7%. The important roles of plants and soils were associated with 39.1% of total forest area in South Korea, and CO2 emissions comprised 62.2% of the total population. Therefore, development of forest lands may change CO2 sinks into sources. Forest landscape management strategies were explored to maintain or improve forest roles in reducing atmospheric CO2 levels.

This experiment was conducted to establish the optimum conditions for high CO2 gas treatment in combination with a proper gas-permeable packaging film to maintain the quality of fig fruit (Ficus carica L). Among the fig fruits with different high CO2 treatments, the quality change was most effectively controlled during storage in the 70%-CO2-treated fig fruit. Harvested fig fruit was packaged using microperforated oriented polypropylene (MP) film to maintain the optimum gas concentrations in the headspace of packaging for the modified-atmosphere system. MP film had an oxygen transmission rate of about 10,295 cm3/m2/day/atm at 25℃. The weight loss, firmness, soluble-solid content (SSC), acidity (pH), skin color (Hunter L, a, b), and decay ratio of the fig fruits were monitored during storage at 5 and 25℃. The results of this study showed that the OPP film, OPP film + 70% CO2, and MP film+70% CO2 were highly effective in reducing the loss rate, firmness and decay occurrence rate of fig fruits that were packaged with them during storage. In the case of using treatments with packages of OPP film and OPP film+70% CO2, however, adverse effects like package bursting or physiological injury of the fig may occur due to the gas pressure or long exposure to CO2. Therefore, the results indicated that MP film containing 70% CO2 can be used as an effective treatment to extend the freshness of fig fruits for storage at a proper low temperature.

In order to establish effectiveness of CA storage and adequate CO2 concentration, it was investigated the quality chanties of Singer during CA storage for 150 days at different CO2 concentrations ranging from 3% to 12% and 3% fixed oxygen concentration. Weight loss tend to decrease with increase of CO2 concentrations. Sprouting ratio and the loss of gingerol was shown to be less as CO2 concentration increase but to be more than control stored at 12, 95% RH within the concentration less than 6% CO2.