고려청자 발생의 직접적인 관련성 때문에 당대 월요청자 비색자인 옥벽저완(yubidiwan)은 학계의 지속적인 관심의 대상이 되어왔지만 옥환저완(yuhuandiwan)을 비롯한 오대부터 북송시대 월요청자의 유 입에 대해서는 큰 관심을 받지 못했다. 본고에서는 먼저 중국 각 지역 유적지에서 발견되는 월요청자의 현 황과 유통경로를 확인해 보고자 하였다. 한반도에서는 오대·송 시기의 최상급 월요청자는 후삼국시대 신라 의 수도였던 경주와 후백제 지역, 그리고 고려의 수도였던 개경 주변 의 유적 및 왕릉, 그리고 사찰 및 생활유적 등지에서 발견되었다. 이 러한 사실은 당시의 최상류층에서 유행했던 월요청자의 소비패턴의 흐름을 통해 확인된다. 한반도에서 발견된 옥환저완, 대접, 발, 항아리, 잔, 잔탁, 주자, 타호 등의 수준은 오대·송 집권층과 요 정권에 공납되 었던 월요청자에 버금간다. 발견되는 유적의 성격과 기종별로 보면 고급기종인 항아리, 盞托, 注子, 唾壺등은 개성일대에서 주로 발견되고 있으며, 옥환저완의 경 우 주로 경주 일대와 서해에 근접한 지역의 사찰을 중심으로 발견되 고 있어 불교적인 교류를 통해 오월과 직접적인 루트를 통해 들어왔 을 가능성이 크다. 즉 한반도에서 발견된 오대·송의 월요 비색자의 유 입경로는 정권 간의 외교적 상징이자 불교문화의 매개체로써 하사품 혹은 선물로 전해졌을 것으로 여겨진다. 또한 고려에서 이미 자체적 으로 청자를 제작하고 있던 상황에서도 최고 수준의 월요청자가 고려 의 수도였던 개성일대에서 집중적으로 발견되었다는 사실은 월요청 자가 지속적으로 사랑을 받았다는 것을 확인시켜 준다.

The present study examined the import routes of distilled rice liquor soju and how soju developed among the royal family and the upper classes using celadon inscribed with poetry related to alcohol beverages in the 12th century, Maebyeong style vases inscribed with government office name in charge of alcohol beverages of the royal family in the 14th century during the Koryo Dynasty. Distilled rice liquor was imported from the southwestern region to Koryo by Arabian merchants through direct and indirect routes in the Yuen Dynasty during the age of King Chungsuk and King Chunghye in around the 14th century. As soju was added to existing takju and cheongju, the three major types of alcohol beverages were completed during the late Koryo Dynasty. Celadon pitcher inscribed with poetry shows the delicate sentimentalism, aristocratic prosperity, and poetic sentiment. In particular, it is valuable in that it reflects Koryo people's mind, view of nature, and attitude toward alcohol beverages, and their inner world was also described with celadon patterns. Maebyeong style vases Yangonseo, Saonseo, Deokcheongo, Euiseonggo and Saseonseo, which are real celadon antiques inscribed with government office name, were used for rice liquor preservation. In particular, Maebyeong style vase 〈Euljimyeong Saonseo, 1345〉 has the exact year of creation, so it is a historically important celadon in research not only on alcohol food culture but also on art history. This shows that alcohol beverages were important foods that there were controlled and stored in celadon by the government offices for the royal family's related alcohol ceremonies. Through celadon inscribed with poetry and government office name displaying Koryo people's unique imagination and cultural consciousness, we can read their mind and lifestyle based on historical and social alcohol food culture in the Koryo Dynasty.

The purpose of this study is to identify the best firing condition for Celadon, which is one of the famous traditional pottery to represent Korean culture, by minimizing energy consumption, cutting firing time, shortening the time of processing ceramic making, in order to, save energy as well as to protect the potters' health. Most Korean potter starts their reduction from 950℃ to change kiln atmosphere. However on this study, reduction have started from 950℃ to 1200℃ by increasing 50℃ at a time. Then the results are analyzed to be compared to previous Celadon, in colors, chroma, and brightness. As a results, it is found, that the best temperature for starting reduction is 1100℃, when chroma and brightness values to meet same with previous celadon. Therefore the best condition could be made by starting the reduction on 1100℃ to fire celadon, which would have shorten 2 hours of firing process and, at the same time, it could have saved the energy by 12%.