The toxicity of materials derived from rhizome of Cnidium officinale Makino to adults from B and Q biotype of Bemisia tabaci was examined using a leaf-dipping bioassay. Results were compared with those of two currently used insecticides: acetamiprid and thiamethoxam. The active principles of C. officinale rhizome were identified as butylidenephthalide (1), ligustilide (2), and 3-butylphthalide (3) by spectroscopic analysis. These compounds exhibited 100% mortality against both B and Q biotype adults at 2.5 mg/ml. At a concentration of 1.25 mg/ml, butylidenephthalide produced 88 and 92% mortality against B and Q biotype adults, respectively. 3-butylphthalide showed 100 and 89% mortality against B and Q type adults, respectively. Ligustilide exhibited 97 and 100% mortality against B and Q type adults, respectively. The toxicity of these compounds to B type adults was almost equal to that of thiamethoxam and acetamiprid, whereas two insecticides exhibited 40% mortality to Q biotype. C. officinale rhizome-derived materials merit further study as potential insecticides for the control of B. tabaci populations due to global efforts to reduce the level of highly toxic synthetic pesticides.

주요 약용작물중(藥用作物中)의 하나로 울릉도와 영양 등 경북 북부지역에서 많이 재배되고 있는 일천궁의 종근생산(種根生産)을 목적으로 경정배양(莖頂培養) 유묘(幼苗)에 있어서 단기간내의 기내발근(器內發根) 배지구명과 포장정식 시기에 따른 지상부 및 근경생육을 알아보기 위하여 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 경정배양(莖頂培養)을 통해 생산된 유묘의 효과적인 발근배지(發根培地)는 IBA 1.0 mg/L와 BA 0.05 mg/L를 혼용처리한 것이 배양 30일 후 81%가 발근하여 가장 좋았으며 근수(根數)가 9개 이상인 배양묘를 기외이식하고 75% 차광하에 두었을때 생존율이 67%로 높았다. 포장 정식시기를 4월(月) 20일(日), 5월(月) 5일(日), 6월(月) 10일(日), 7월(月) 5일(日)로 하여 정식하였을 때 5월(月) 5일(日) 정식한 유묘(幼苗)가 생존율(生存率) 72%, 초장 33cm, 줄기수 47개로 지상부 생육이 가장 좋았고, 지하부의 근경생육은 5윌 5일 정수록 근경형성율(根莖形成率)은 높은 편이었으나 근경수(根莖數)와 무게는 다소 적었다.

Background: The current regulations regarding the storage of medicinal herbs do not define the storage temperature; instead, but the only requirement is that the plastic bags used for storing the medicinal herbs should be tightly sealed during storage. The practice of storing medicinal herbs at room temperature (28℃), causes many problems, including growth of insect pests on the stored medicinal herbs. Thus, it is necessary to understand the effect of insect pests on the quality of medicinal herbs stored at room temperature (28℃) for the improving the relevant regulations. Methods and Results: Cnidium rhizome and Angelica radix were infested with Lasioderma serricorne F. adults and incubated at 28℃ for 2.5 and 5 months. The population of L. serricorne was established rapidly, and left many holes, cadavers, and feces on the stored medicinal herbs, thereby greatly damaging the product appearance and hygiene. In addition, active ingredients of the medicinal herbs were significantly decreased, probably reducing their medicinal quality as well. Conclusions: These results indicate that the current regulations are not sufficient to prevent the establishment of storage insect pests and guarantee the quality and hygiene of stored medicinal herbs. Therefore, it is necessary to devise proper storage protocols and upgrade the current relevant regulations to maintain the quality of medicinal herbs during storage.

Background : The practice of keeping the medicinal herbs at room temperature causes many problems, but due to lack of sufficient field research and study, it is difficult to improve related regulations and safety management. Methods and Results : The Cnidium Rhizome and Angelica gigas Root were inoculated with Lasioderma serricorne F. and incubated at 28℃ for 2.5 months and 5 months. After five months, the number of Lasioderma serricorne F. in Cnidium Rhizome increased from 30 to 1,429 (about 47 times). In the same period, the number of insects in Angelica gigas Root increased from 30 to 663 (about 22 times). Due to the rapid increase in pest population, hygiene deteriorated, changes in the active ingredient and appearance quality of the herbal medicines, which greatly damaged the value of the herbal medicine. Conclusions : These results show that current regulation requiring only sealing and not specifying the storage temperature do not guarantee quality safety. Therefore, it is necessary to establish appropriate preservation standards and improve management regulations in order to preserve safety.

천궁(川芎)의 재배조건별 생육특성을 파악하기 위하여 토천궁(土川芎)과 일천궁(日川芎) 각각에 대하여 재식거리별, 근중별 시험을 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 재식밀도에 따른 토천궁(土川芎) (Ligusticum chuanxiong)의 지하부 생육특성으로서 건물중은 50×15cm에서 32.9 g으로 가장 작았고, 50×20cm에서 34.4 g, 50×25cm에서 36.5 g으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 근경의 무게에 따른 지하부의 생육특성으로는 생체중이 10g 이하(以下)에서 35.7 g으로 가장 작게 나타났고 , 25 g 이하(以下)에서 45.9 g으로 가 장 높게 나타났다. 일천궁의 재식밀도에 따른 지하부의 생육 특성은 근수량에 있어서 50×15cm의 처리구 에서 18.7 g(건물중) 으로 가장 낮은 수치를 보였으며, 50×25cm의 처리구에서 24 g(건물중) 으로 가장 높은 수치를 나타냈지만 처리 간 유의성은 인정되지 않았다. 일천궁(日川芎)의 근경중에 따른 지하부의 생육특성을 보면 개체당 근경의 생근중은 10 g이하 에서 27 g으로 가장 낮았고, 25 g에서 43.4 g으로 가장 높게 나타났으나 처리간 유의성은 인정되지 않았다. 전체 생근중에 있어서는 10 g이하가 43.9 g로 가장 낮고 , 25 g 이상이 94.6 g으로 가장 높게 나타났다.