This study was conducted to investigate the flora of Mt. Seongdeok (Ganghwa-gun) in Korea. From the results of nine field surveys from March 2020 to July 2022, a total of 445 total taxa, representing 397 species, nine subspecies, 35 varieties, two forms and two hybrids were identified, which were placed in 273 genera and 93 families. The plant formation of Mt. Seongdeok is a deciduous broad-leaved and conifer mixed forest, which is common in the middle part of the Korean Peninsula. Most of the mountain is covered by a young secondary forest, which is mainly composed of Quercus ssp. and Pinus ssp. Among them, five taxa were endemic to Korea, one taxon were endangered plant and two taxa were red list plants. The floristic target plants amounted to 27 taxa, specifically one taxon of grade V, four taxa of grade III, seven taxa of grade II, and 15 taxa of grade I. And 43 taxa were northern lineage plants. A total of 46 species of alien plants were identified, with a Naturalized Index of 10.3%, an Urbanization Index of 11.7%, and six plants that disturbed the ecosystem. Our results provide basic data on vascular plants flora, and plant diversity and distributional changes.

본 연구는 인천광역시 강화군에 위치한 퇴모·혈구산의 관속식물상과 강화도 및 주변 지역의 외래식물 등을 파악하여, 조사된 식물들의 체계적인 관리와 생물다양성 보전을 위한 기초자료로 활용하기 위하여 조사를 실시하였다. 조사는 2019년 3월부터 2020년 10월까지 총 13회에 걸쳐 실시되었다. 퇴모·혈구산 일대의 관속식물상은 총 101과 321속 517종 13아종 38변종 5품종 573분류군으로 파악되었다. 이는 우리나라 관속식물 총 4,641분류군의 약 12.35%로 나타났다. 퇴모·혈구산에서 확인된 한반도 북방계식물은 청나래고사리 등 68분류군, 한반도 특산식물은 늦둥굴레 등 10분류군, IUCN 지정 희귀식물은 께묵 등 총 9분류군이 확인되었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물은 총 69분류군으로 파악 되었다. Ⅳ등급은 뚝사초 등 3분류군, Ⅲ등급은 종덩굴 등 14분류군이 확인되었다. 연구 대상지에서 출현한 귀화식물은 개망초, 돼지풀, 망초 등 63분류군으로 확인되었다. 개망초, 돼지풀, 망초 3종은 강화도뿐만 아니라 주변 지역인 석모도, 교동도 김포 등에도 전방위적으로 확산된 것으로 파악되었다. 그리고 가시상추, 가시박, 애기수영 등 생태계교란식물이 퇴모·혈구산에 처음으로 보고되어 퇴모·혈구산 내 특기할만한 식물 등 자생식물에 대해 중장기적인 보전 대책을 수립하 고 정기적으로 물리적인 제거 등의 관리방안 대책을 조기에 마련하여야 할 것이다

본 연구는 강화군 고려산(436 m)의 관속식물을 밝히고 주요 식물들의 분포를 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 2018년 3월부터 2019년 8월까지 총 14회에 걸쳐 조사한 결과, 관속식물은 112과 371속 568종 10아종 45변종 2품종 4교잡종으로 총 629분류 군이 확인되었다. 고려산은 한반도의 온대 중부지역에 속하고 낙엽활엽수와 침엽수 혼합림으로 산지의 대부분은 참나무류-소 나무류가 우점하며, 2차림으로 구성된다. 본 지역에서 처음으로 확인된 식물은 314분류군, 한반도 특산식물은 6분류군, IUCN 평가기준에 따른 적색목록은 4분류군, 식물구계학적 특정식물은 63분류군이 확인되었다. 침입외래식물은 58분류군이며, 귀화 율 9.2%, 도시화지수 15.5%로 나타났다. 본 지역은 식물 다양성이 풍부하고, 희귀식물 및 식물지리학적 중요 식물들이 관찰된다. 고려산의 효과적인 관리와 생물 다양성 보전을 위해 체계적인 사항들이 논의되었다. 본 결과는 생물 다양성의 보전과 관리방안 마련을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 판단된다.

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of Gyodongdo island (Ganghwa-gun). The vascular plants from 11 field surveys were revealed to belong to a total of 629 taxa; 118 families, 364 genera, 561 species, 5 subspecies, 53 varieties, 7 forms and 3 hybrids. 184 taxa were the first records from this region. The plants in Gyodongdo island are composed of the deciduous broad-leaved and conifer-mixed forests which are the common ones in the middle part of the Korean Peninsula. Five taxa of Korean endemic plants such as Clematis brachyura Maxim., Viola seoulensis Nakai, Populus × tomentiglandulosa T. B. Lee, Forsythia koreana (Rehder) Nakai and Hemerocallis hakuunensis Nakai were collected. Endangered wild plants designated by the law called 'Protection Law for Endangered wild fauna and flora' were one taxon. The red list plants according to IUCN valuation basis were examined for 13 taxa; endangered (EN) species of Prunus yedoensis Matsum., Vulnerable (VU) species of both Utricularia pilosa (Makino) Makino and Iris ruthenica var. nana Maxim., Near Threatened (NT) species of Senecio argunensis Turcz., Least Concern (LC) species of Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco, Potentilla discolor Bunge, Limnophila sessiliflora (Vahl) Blume, Acorus calamus L., Phacelurus latifolius (Steud.) Ohwi, Pseudoraphis ukishiba Ohwi, Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC., and Not Evaluate (NE) species of both Astragalus sikokianus Nakai and Potamogeton oxyphyllus Miq. The floristic regional indicator plants found in this area were a total of 47 taxa comprising three taxa of gradeⅤ, four taxa of grade Ⅳ, nine taxa of grade Ⅲ, 10 taxa of grade Ⅱ, and 21 taxa of gradeⅠ. The naturalized plants were identified as 62 taxa and the percentage of naturalized index (NI) was 9.9 % and the percentage of urbanization index (UI) was 19.3 %, respectively. Furthermore, hemicryptophytes (28 %), therophytes (26 %), hydrophytes (13 %) and geophyte (12 %) showed high proportional ratio in life form spectrum.

본 연구는 상관에 의한 종조성표의 불연속성인 분류법과 연속성인 배열법을 적용하여 강화군 무인도서 해식애의 식물종조성 및 식생을 분석하였다. 해식애에서 출현빈도가 가장 높은 식물은 담쟁이덩굴(58.3%)이었으며 다음으로 소사나무, 분꽃나무, 음나무(각각 37.5%)이었다. 식물의 군락구조는 신갈나무군락, 찰피나무군락, 소사나무군락, 팥배나무군락, 곰솔군락으로 구분되었다. 도서별로는 신갈나무군락이 소송도와 분지도, 찰피나무군락은 대송도, 소송도, 소사나무군락은 우도, 수리봉, 비도, 팥배나무군락은 수시도, 대송도, 소송도, 곰솔군락은 석도, 우도에 나타났다. 도서별 유연관계는 소송도와 대송도의 유사도가 가장 높았다. 전형적인 해안단애초원군락이 결합하지 않은 이유는 해식애 대부분이 표토가 거의 없는 암석바위의 지형적 환경조건 때문으로 판단되어 이에 대한 세밀한 연구가 필요하였다.

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of Deokjeongsan Mt. (Ganghwa-gun) from March to October 2016. The vascular plants identified during the 8 round field surveys were a to total of 484 taxa: 107 families, 305 genera, 423 species, 8 subspecies, 48 varieties, 4 forms and 1 hybrid. The plant formation of Deokjeongsan Mt. is the deciduous broad-leaved and conifer mixed forest which is the common one in the middle part of Korean peninsula. All most mountain covered with young secondary forest which is mainly composed of Pinus and Quercus. The plant species diversity largest families were Asteraceae (62 taxa, 12.7%), Poaceae (48 taxa, 9.9%), Cyperaceae (27 taxa, 5.6%), Fabaceae (23 taxa, 4.7%), and Lamiaceae (21 taxa, 4.3%). The four taxa of Korean endemic plants such as Clematis brachyura Maxim., Salix koriyanagi Kimura ex Goerz, Carex brevispicula G. H. Nam & G. Y. Chung, and Hemerocallis hakuunensis Nakai were collected. The vascular plants on the red list according to IUCN evaluation basis were found to be five taxa: Near Threatened (NT) species of Senecio argunensis Turcz., Least Concern (LC) species Pseudoraphis ukishiba Nakai, and Not Evaluate (NE) species of Thladiantha dubia Bunge, Cirsium lineare (Thunb.) Sch. Bip., and Scorzonera austriaca ssp. glabra Lipsch. & Krasch. ex Lipsch., respectively. The floristic regional indicator plants found in this area were 26 taxa comprising one taxa of degree V, two taxa of degree IV, four taxa of degree III, eight taxa of degree II, and 11 taxa of degree I. In addition, the alien plants were identified as 46 taxa and the percentage of naturalized index (NI) was 9.5%, and urbanization index (UI) was 14.3%, respectively

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of Jingangsan Mt. (Ganghwa-gun). The vascular plants identified during the 11 round field surveys were a to total of 560 taxa: 114 families, 336 genera, 495 species, 7 subspecies, 53 varieties, 4 forms and 1 hybrid. A high plant diversity were Poaceae (11.0%), Asteraceae (10.8%), Cyperaceae (8.8%), Rosaceae (4.6%) and Lamiaceae (4.3%) in regular order. The four taxa of Korean endemic plants such as Viola seoulensis Nakai, Salix koriyanagi Kimura ex Goerz, Hemerocallis hakuunensis Nakai and Polygonatum infundiflorum Y. S. Kim, B. U. Oh & C. G. Jang were collected. The vascular plants on the red list according to IUCN evaluation basis were found to be four taxa: Near Threatened (NT) species of Delphinium maackianum Regel, and Not Evaluate (NE) species of Mosla japonica (Benth. ex Oliv.) Maxim., Carex paxii Kük. and Polygonatum infundiflorum Y. S. Kim, B. U. Oh & C. G. Jang. The floristic regional indicator plants found in this area were 28 taxa comprising two taxa of degree Ⅳ, three taxa of degree Ⅲ, eight taxa of degree Ⅱ, and 15 taxa of degreeⅠ. In addition, the naturalized plants were identified as 44 taxa and the percentage of naturalized index (NI) was 7.9%, and Urbanization Index (UI) was 13.7%.

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of Mt. Byeollipsan (Ganghwa-gun). The vascular plants from 13 field surveys were revealed to total of 574 taxa; 116 families, 355 genera, 505 species, 8 subspecies, 52 varieties, 7 forms and 2 hybrids. A high plant diversity were Asteraceae (12.3%), Poaceae (10.6%), Cyperaceae (6.1%), Fabaceae (4.5%) and Rosaceae (4.2%) in regular order. The seven taxa of Korean endemic plants such as Clematis brachyura, Viola seoulensis, Populus × tomentiglandulosa, Salix koriyanagi, Ajuga multiflora f. rosea, Hemerocallis hakuunensis and Polygonatum infundiflorum were collected. The red data of vascular plants according to IUCN valuation basis were examined five taxa; Least Concern (LC) species of both Phacelurus latifolius and Belamcanda chinensis, Not Evaluate (NE) species of Lithospermum arvense, Scorzonera austriaca ssp. glabra and Polygonatum infundiflorum. The floristic regional indicator plants found in this area were 34 taxa comprising one taxa of degree IV, six taxa of degree III, 11 taxa of degree II, and 16 taxa of degree I. In addition, the naturalized plants were identified as 46 taxa and the percent of naturalized index (NI) was 8.0%, Urbanization Index (UI) was 14.3%, respectively.