본 연구는 최근 7년간 Google scholar, ProQuest에서 Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis(AIS), Cobb’s angle, Surgical, Conservative, In tervention을 핵심 키워드로 활용하여 청소년 특발성 척추측만증의 수술 적 중재 방법과 보존적 중재 방법이 Cobb’s angle에 미치는 영향을 조 사하였다. 중재 전ㆍ후 Cobb’s angle 차이를 JAMOVI를 이용하여 메타 회귀분석을 실시하였으며 청소년 특발성 척추측만증 환자에게 Cobb’s an gle 긍정적 변화에 효과적인 중재 방법은 수술적 중재 방법에는 Selectiv e thoracic fusion, Posterior spinal fusion, Anterior spinal fusion 이 있었으며, 보존적 중재 방법에는 Lumbar cheneau brace, Xinmiao treatment system(XTS), Cheneau brace+Schroth best practice(S BP), Core stabilization exercises가 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 연구 결과를 통하여 청소년 특발성 척추측만증 연구 분야의 방향성 제공에 도 움을 주고 향후 어떠한 중재 방법이 효과적일지 판단할 수 있는 지표개발 을 요구하는 바이다.

본 연구는 최근 10년간 국내 청소년 특발성 척추측만증 보존적 중재법이 Cobb's angle의 변화에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위하여 RISS(학술연구정 보서비스)에서 청소년 척추측만증, 특발성, 중재법을 핵심키워드로 검색하여 메타 회귀분석을 실시하였다. KCI등재후보지 이상 학술지만 선별하였으며, 참가자의 연 령 및 중재방법 등을 고려하여 총 11개의 논문이 선정되었다. 총 23개의 보존적 중재법은 크게 능동적 운동치료, 수동적 치료, 복합치료, 보조기로 나뉘었으며 신 뢰도95%에 해당하는 중재법은 능동적 운동치료 5가지와 보조기 1가지였다. 이는 능동적 운동치료의 형태의 보존적 중재법이 청소년 특발성 척추측만증 Cobb's angle변화에 가장 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다.

Background: Although the Schroth exercise is widely used in idiopathic scoliosis, the Schroth exercise with kinesiotaping is not. And, little research has examined their effectiveness. Objectives: To investigate the effect of Schroth exercise with kinesiotaping on idiopathic scoliosis. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: Participants with hamstring tightness were allocated into the Schroth exercise with kinesiotaping group (SETG, n=12) and the schroth exercise group (SEG, n=11). Participants groups performed Schroth exercise with kinesiotaping or Schroth exercise according to group assignment. To identify changes in spine alignment and balance were performed at pre- and postexercise. Results: Significant changes occurred in spine alignment, balance ability (X mean, LOS forward, LOS right) after exercise in SETG (P<.05). SETG was a significant difference in balance ability (LOS right) than SEG. Conclusion: Schroth exercise with kinesiotaping are effective in improving spine alignment and balance ability in idiopathic scoliosis.

Background: Incorrect postures of adolescents caused by the use of smart devices have been noted as a factor causing spinal diseases. Objectives: To examine the effect of joint mobilization and stretching on Cobb’s angle and respiratory function in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Design: Cluster-randomized controlled trial. Methods: A total of 22 subjects with AIS were enrolled. They were allocated to two groups: the joint mobilization (n=11) and the stretching (n=11). All interventions were conducted for 30 minutes, three times a week for six weeks. Outcome measures were the Cobb’s angle and respiratory function. The Cobb’s angle and respiratory function measured using the X-ray and Micro- Quark. Results: Joint mobilization group showed significant differences in Cobb’s angle and respiratory function, but stretching group showed significant differences Cobb’s angle. The differences in peak expiratory flow (PEF) between the two groups were significant. Conclusion: This study proved that joint mobilization is a more effective intervention for AIS to improve Cobb’s angle and respiratory function, when compared to stretching.

재발급성췌장염(recurrent acute pancreatitis, RAP)은 두 차례 이상 급성 췌장염이 발생한 경우 진단할 수 있다. 급성 췌장염 환자의 약 20%는 한 차례 이상 재발을 겪는다. 특발급성췌장염(idiopathic acute pancreatitis, IAP)은 RAP의 10% 정도를 차지하며 자세한 검사에도 불구하고 원인을 찾을 수 없는 경우이다. Toxic-metabolic, idiopathic, genetic, autoimmune, recurrent and severe acute pancreatitis, obstructive (TIGAR-O) 분류는 만성 췌장염의 원인 및 위험인자를 정리한 것으로 RAP의 원인 및 위험인자를 정리하는 데도 사용하고 있다. RAP 또는 IAP의 원인규명을 하기 위한 평가방법으로는 자세한 병력 청취, 혈액 검사, 영상 검사, 유전자 검사, 담즙결정분석, 내시경초음파, 내시경 역행 담췌관 조영술, 오디괄약근 계측 검사 등이 있다. 본 종설에서는 각 평가방법에 대하여 간략히 알아보고자 한다.

Background: Losing balance during locomotive actions becomes an increasing threat to both the community-dwelling elderly and elderly with Parkinson disease (PD). Those with PD may be at a high risk of fall due to particular characteristics during the turn. Turning around during locomotive actions may be one of problematic factors causing losing balance. Objects: This study is part of a larger study, which in part aims to identify turning strategies, to compare the strategies in the elderly with and without idiopathic PD aged 51 years and older and to distinguish whether the turning strategies can predict the elderly at risk of falls. Methods: A total of 22 community-dwelling elderlies (10 elderlies with idiopathic PD and 12 healthy elderlies) were investigated for the turning strategies during the timed up and go test. Results: There were some significant differences between the two groups during turning (p<.05). The idiopathic PD group had a tendency of challenging on taking more number of steps, more time to accomplish and staggering more for the turn relative to the control group. Conclusion: Taking more number of steps and more time to turn may be useful for distinguishing the characteristics of PD from that of the healthy elderly in turning strategy.

External root resorption is one of the rare pathological condition of tooth. It is occurred when periodontal ligament or cementum on the root surface are either damaged or denuded. The causes and classifications have been variously described. Because of the various causes and patterns, and absence of sufficient and consistent evidence for treatment, proper diagnosis and treatment plan based on clinician’s experience and close communication with patient is important. This case report represents the rare case of external root resorption and the treatment. The tooth was retained functionally in oral cavity showing good healing state in 2-year follow-up.

The purpose of this study was to compare the static balance in a sitting position between a group with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and a normal aged-matched group. Forty-nine subjects were included in this study. Thirty-one healthy subjects and eighteen AIS subjects were participated. Each group was tested with the Lumbar Trunk Muscle Endurance Test (LTMET) and Balance Performance Monitor (BPM). The parameters for static balance were sway area, sway path, mean balance, maximum velocity, anterior-posterior angle, and left-right angle of each group with eyes opened and closed. Results from the LTMET showed significantly more increase in the normal group than in the AIS group in the flexor and extensor endurance. The BPM tested showed significantly difference beteen the groups in parameters of sitting balance such as maximum velocity and anterior-posterior sway angle. For the AIS subjects, there were no significant differences in all parameters of sitting balance between eyes opened and eyes closed. In comparisons of the groups with eyes opened there were no significant differences in all parameters of sitting balance. In comparisons of the groups with eyes closed there were significant differences in the sway area, maximum velocity, anterior-posterior sway angle and left-right sway angle. These results suggest that the AIS group relies much more on proprioception than on vision, and develops compensatory passive postures of the spine. Further study is needed to measure many AIS patients with morphologic and electromyographic data for clinical application.

The purpose of this study was to compare the static balance of standing position between adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and a normal group that were aged-matched. There were forty subjects included in this study. Twenty-seven healthy subjects (age, 13.9±1.2 yrs; height, 161.9±7.5 ㎝; weight, 52.2±7.7 ㎏) and thirteen AIS subjects (age, 14.2±2.2 yrs; height, 161.5±8.7 ㎝; weight, 48.1±8.1 ㎏) were participated in the study. The thirteen subjects in the AIS group had a major Cobb angle between 20.1° and 49°. Each group was tested with the Balance Performance Monitor (BPM). The parameters for static balance were sway area, sway path, max velocity, mean balance, anterior-posterior angle, and left-right angle of each group with their eyes opened and again with their eyes closed. Both sides of the forward reach test and the lateral reach test were also performed on each group. Results from the BPM tested showed significantly increases in all parameters of static balance with those patients with AIS under the conditions where eyes were opened and closed. In the right and left forward reach test, there was no significant difference between normal and AIS groups. However, in the lateral reach test with right and left direction, there were significant differences between normal and AIS groups. For the normal subjects, there were significant differences in the parameters with sway path and anterior-posterior sway angle between the eyes opened and closed. However, there were no significant differences in the all parameters between eyes opened and closed for the AIS subjects. These results suggest that, balance programs could be used in the rehabilitation setting for intervention of AIS and evaluation of AIS. Further study is needed to measure many patients with AIS and other functional balance scales for clinical application.

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of thoracic flexibility exercise on chest function and mobility and to provide the information of physical therapy for patients with idiopathic scoliosis. Forty female subjects who were diagnosed with scoliosis participated in this study and were divided into the experimental and control groups. The experimental group consisted of 20 patients who were treated with thoracic flexibility exercise program during the admission (10 days) ad one month after discharge. The control group consisted of 20 patients who were not treated with thoracic flexibility exercise program. Vital capacity was measured using a respirometer. The chest expansion were calculated using differences of chest circumference between maximum inspiration and maximum expiration measured under armpits, at the junction between the sternum and xyphoid process, and at the waist. All subjects were measured two times: before the admission and at one month after discharge. Data were compared by groups using independent t-test, Vital capacity and chest expansion values (the armpit, chest and waist values) were significantly higher for the experimental group compared to those of the control group (p<.05). The findings of this study show that thoracic flexibility exercise program can lead to an increase in vital capacity and chest expansion and has a positive effects in relieving symptoms and restoring thoracic mobility.

The present study was performed to investigate the prevalence rate of idiopathic scoliosis and to determine the effect of exercise training on scoliotic angle in elementary school children. In this study, two out of five elementary schools in Seosan city were chosen by random sampling. Seven hundred sixty four students (from four grade to the sixth grade student) were selected in two schools. Screening tests were conducted to find idiopathic scoliosis. Among the 764 individuals, 139 subjects who showed positive sign in physical examination took whole spine radiography. Thirty six subjects who had a curve of 10 or greater and consented to participate in the exercise program were selected for the exercise program. The exercise program was performed four times a week for 5 months. The results of this study were as follows: 1) One hundred thirty nine subjects showed positive sign in the scoliosis screening test. 2) The overall prevalence of curve of greater in X-ray finding was 8.15%. The prevalencies of curve of greater in male and female were 7.1% and 9.2%, respectively. 3) Scoliosis curves were observed at thoracic area (48.4%), at thoracolumbar area (27.4%) and at lumbar area(24.4%). 4) Right side curve was 59.7%, and left side curve was 40.3%. 5) After the 5 month exercise program for scoliosis, the Cobb's angle was significantly decreased. 6) There was no significant difference of Cobb's angle change respect to sex, grades, and scoliosis curve site. Results shown here indicates that an early detection and early exercise for scoliosis can result in decreased the Cobb's angle in elementary school children.

Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is an emergent disease in otologic field. Audiometric follow-up in patients with ISSNHL is important to assess the benefit of treatment and guide initiation of salvage treatment. However, there have been no report to guide the timing of follow-up. The objective of this study was to compare the recovery duration of patients who diagnosed as ISSNHL in each age group. A total of 150 subjects were included in this study and reviewed the medical and audiological records. According to ages, the subjects were classified into four groups; 0-19, 20-39, 40-59 years old and more than 60 years old. The period of time to final hearing levels was compared based on Siegel’s criteria. The period of time to final hearing levels was significantly different in patients with complete recovery based on Siegel’s criteria. 20-39 group (10.3 days) showed faster recovery than 0-19 (18 days), 40-59 (15 days) and ≥60 groups (23.4 days). The period of time to final hearing levels was not significantly different in patients with partial and slight recovery. Young adults with ISSNHL appear to recover faster than other age groups with ISSNHL. The result suggests that children and the elderly with ISSNHL need longer follow-up for hearing and young adults with refractory ISSNHL need earlier initiation of salvage treatment.

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical relations of eating behaviors to body mass index (BMI) and obesity in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty. This study included 30 precocious puberty patients who were diagnosed at Chosun University Hospital between February and December 2013. Information was obtained from their parents using a questionnaire focused on eating behaviors and lifestyle factors. We rechecked their BMI and questionnaire after 12 months to identify the changes. Six (20%) of the 30 patients children were overweight and obesity at diagnosis. Overweight and obesity group tended to overeat. Normal weight group ate an unbalanced diet more than overweight and obesity group, particularly lack of fruit and vegetable (p=0.010). Eight (27%) of the 30 patients children were overweight and obesity and 24 (80%) of the 30 patients children showed increased BMI after 12 months follow up. BMI-decreased group ate breakfast with whole family members more frequent than BMI-increased group (p=0.006). This study showed the importance of healthy diet during treatment of precocious puberty. Children with precocious puberty should avoid overeating and make a balanced diet with preferable eating behaviors from the family meals.

Idiopathic spontaneous intraperitoneal hemorrhage is a rare, often fatal condition; however, the patients present with nonspecific symptoms. Even after a comprehensive radiological examination and surgical exploration, the origin of hemorrhage often remains unclear. A 74-year-old woman with sudden abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting was admitted to our hospital. She had no history of trauma. Computed tomography showed a huge hematoma along the small intestinal mesentery without evidence of visceral organ abnormality causing bleeding. The hematoma was completely removed by surgery and no origin of hemorrhage was detected. Herein, we report on a case of idiopathic spontaneous intraperitoneal hemorrhage.

We report on the case of a 59-year-old man who presented with continuous chest discomfort. The patient's initial electrocardiogram (ECG) showed normal sinus rhythm. Coronary angiography showed significant stenosis in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), the distal left circumflex coronary artery (LCX). Therefore, we deployed a stent in the proximal LAD and the distal LCX. Two days after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), he complained of atypical chest pain. His ECG showed ST segment elevation in leads V1 to V3. In emergent coronary angiography, there was no stent thrombosis. ECG findings showed that the ST segment has a "saddle back" ST-T wave configuration in which the elevated ST segment descends toward the baseline, then rises again to an upright T wave, like the Brugada ECG pattern. This case report shows how dynamic ST segment elevations may look similar in cases of stent thrombosis after PCI.

본 연구의 목적은 특발성 척추 측만증 환자를 대상으로 요가 운동 요법을 통하여 척추 측만각도 즉 요추 Cobb's angle의 정도를 분석하여 요가 운동 프로그램이 특발성 척추 측만연구에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지의 효과를 알아보는데 있다. 본 연구의 요가 운동 프로그램은 척추주변의 근육들의 지나친 긴장을 풀고 이완된 근육은 수축운동을통하여 유연성과 탄력을 회복하여 운동 시 주동근과 길항근의 균형을 맞추고 협력근과의 조화로운 상태가 척추측만에 도움될 것으로 판단하여 골반운동과 척추 비틀기 운동을 중심으로 실시하였다. 실험대상은 광주광역시 소재C병원에서 특발성 척추 측만증 진단을 받은 여자 중학생을 대상으로 하여, 요가 운동 프로그램으로 주5일, 1일 60분, 12주간 실시하여 요가 운동프로그램이 특발성 척추 측만증 변화에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 실험 전, 후 방사선을 통하여 요추의 Cobb's angle을 측정하여 효과를 검증하였다. 첫째, 요가 및 척추 전문가와함께 연구하여 동작을 추축하였다. 둘째, 개발된 척추측만증에 대한 요가 운동 프로그램을 특발성 척추 측만증을갖고 있는 여중생에게 12주간 실시하였다. 셋째, 특발성 척추 측만증에 대한 요가 운동 프로그램에 대한 타당성과효과를 검증하였다. 그 결과 운동 전보다 5도가 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하여 (p=0.006)특발성 척추 측만증이 개선되었다.