2022 marks the thirtieth year of diplomatic relations between China and South Korea. Two countries’ relations are not only one of the most important state-to-state relations in East Asia, but also important relations that attract the attention of all over the world. This research used CiteSpace 5.8.R3 software to extract relevant papers on China-Korea relations from CNKI, a representative academic database in China. By extracting authors, institutions, keywords and other elements, this research focused on how the research on China-Korea relations in CAC is carried out and what kind of characteristics it has. This research found that in terms of the total amount, the number of academic achievements of CAC on China-Korea relations is not large, and China-Korea relations have not been the main focus of the CAC. From the perspective of scholars and institutions, CAC have not yet formed a core scholar and core scientific research institution. Judging from the keyword analysis, CAC have involved various fields of China-Korea relations, but their focus was mainly on the major events that happened each year, scholars’ vision was not broad enough, meanwhile the focus did not last long enough.

This article conducts a multidimensional quantitative data analysis of writing scores and related variables such as word frequency, stroke number, and the number of components in the corpus of Chinese character acquisition of primary Chinese learners from non-Chinese culture circles, and then analyzes the cognitive characteristics and rules of Chinese character acquisition reflected in the data from the perspective of cognitive psychology. Data analysis shows that there are “stroke number effect” and “component number effect” when learners write Chinese characters, and the influence of the stroke number and component number on writing depends on the level of Chinese characters in the whole book frequency, and the dividing line is about 200. From the perspective of cognitive rule, frequency, stroke number and component number affect the whole process of perception, memory and extraction of Chinese characters. There are differences in the recognition methods of Chinese characters with different frequencies when writing. Learners use compressed and holistic recognition for high-frequency words (frequency>200), while partial and feature recognition for medium and low-frequency words (frequency≤200), and the basic units of feature recognition are strokes and components.The score of wrongly used characters is not significantly correlated with frequency, strokes and components, and the cognitive rules reflected by wrongly used characters need further study.

파기스탄은 중국과 공식 외교관계를 맺은 첫번째 이슬람 국가이다, 양국의 전통적 우호관계 및 “전천후 전략적 협력 동반자관계”는 중-파 경제회랑에 외교적으로 기여해 왔고, 지역 협력에도 기여해 왔다. 하지만, 근래 파기스탄의 포퓰리즘은 양국의 경제무역협력 및 인문교류의 걸림돌이 되고 있다. 본 논문은 우선 질적으로 국내외 학술계가 포퓰리즘에 관한 문헌을 정리하였다, 그리고 양적으로 BDP 데이터분석 소프트웨어를 통해 국내외 학계의 포퓰리즘 관련 문헌을 시각화분석(Visualization)하였다. 또한 시각화가 파기스탄 포퓰리즘에, 또는 중-파 경제회랑에 주는 시사점도 도출하였다. 아직 국내외 학술계가 파기스탄의 포퓰리즘에 크게 주목하지 않고, 포퓰리즘의 정도도 그리 심각하지는 않다. 그러나 파기스탄의 포퓰리즘은 민족성 및 나라의 특수성 때문에 주기적인 발전과정을 거치고 있기 때문에, 중국-파키스탄 경제회랑 등이 지속적으로 심화하는 상황에서는, 향후 파기스탄의 포퓰리즘이 심각해질 수도 있다.

This paper presents a numerically robust algorithm to construct a Voronoi diagram of circles in the plane. The circles are allowed to have intersections among them, but one circle cannot fully contain another circle. The Voronoi diagram is a tessellation of the plane into Voronoi regions of given circles. Each circle has its Voronoi region which is defined by a set of points in the plane closer to the circle than any other circles. The distance from a point p to a circle ci of center pi and radius ri is ||p-pi||-ri, which is the closest Euclidean distance from p to the circle boundary. The proposed algorithm first constructs the point Voronoi diagram of centers of given circles, then it enlarges each point to the circle and expands its Voronoi region accordingly. This region-expansion process is done by local modifications and after completing this process for the whole circles the desired circle Voronoi diagram can be obtained. The proposed algorithm is numerically robust and we provide with a few examples to show its robustness. The algorithm runs in O(n2) time in the worst case and O(n) time on average where n is the number of the circles. The experiment shows that the region-expansion algorithm is robust and runs fast with strong linear time behavior.

I investigate the origin of arc degeneracies in satellite microlens parallax π E measurements with only late time data, e.g., t > t 0 + t E as seen from the satellite. I show that these are due to partial overlap of a series of osculating, exactly circular, degeneracies in the π E plane, each from a single measurement. In events with somewhat earlier data, these long arcs break up into two arclets, or (with even earlier data) two points, because these earlier measurements give rise to intersecting rather than osculating circles. The two arclets (or points) then constitute one pair of degeneracies in the well-known four-fold degeneracy of space-based microlens parallax. Using this framework of intersecting circles, I show that next-generation microlens satellite experiments could yield good π E determinations with only about five measurements per event, i.e., about 30 observations per day to monitor 1500 events per year. This could plausibly be done with a small (hence cheap, in the spirit of Gould & Yee 2012) satellite telescope, e.g., 20 cm.

This paper aims to investigate and analyze the process solving problems with activities of Quality Control Circle, carried out on a small scale, among various activities of industrial fields. Then this paper intends to provide and integrated model through

The problems of various research fields such as molecular modeling may be represented as circles with inclusion relations. Given n circles in the plane, the recognition of inclusion relations for a set of circles can be a tool to reason about geometric problems on 2D. In this paper, we introduce O(nlogn) algorithm to find these relations for the circles and this algorithm make possible maintaining the geometric data hierarchy in the geometric data processing aspect.

Presented in this paper is an algorithm to compute a Voronoi diagram of circles in a circle, where circles are located in a large circle. Given circles in a large circle, the region in the plane is divided into regions associated with the given circles. The proposed algorithm uses point Voronoi diagram, and then some topological remedies are applied so that we obtain proper initial topology including enclosing circle. From this initial topology, we can obtain the correct topology by a series of edge-flip operations. After getting the correct topology, the equations of edges are computed and represented in a rational quadratic Bézier curve form.

Generally a navigator evaluated the maneuverability of his ship by the scale of turning circle which was described only by the largest rudder angle of the port and starboard sides. But to have the sufficient knowledge of his ship's maneuvering characteristics he should consider the data about the new course keeping test, the spiral test, and the turning circle tests in accordance with the rudder angles together. In this paper the author performed the above tests to study the maneuverability of the stern trawler M.S. Pusan 404 which is a training ship of the National Fisheries University of Pusan. The obtained results are summarized as follows: 1. When the rudder angles being 5。, 10。, 20。, 30。, 35。 the advances of the starboard side turning circles were 12.8, 8.2, 4.8, 2.9, 2.7 times as large as the length of the ship, and of the port side turning circles were 13.3, 8.7, 5.4, 3.5, 2.9, time as large as the large as it. Under the same conditions the tactical diameters were 15.1, 9.7, 5.2, 3.1, 2.8 times as large as the length of the ship, for starboard side, and 17.2, 12.4, 6.4, 3.7, 3.2 times as large as it for port side. 2. As the rudder angle being increased the ratio of the advance to the tactical diameter was nearly 1 and her obeying ability was better than that of the small angle. 3. The mean values of the rates of speed reduction during the steady turning motion were 0.96, 0.92, 0.82, 0.71, 0.65 in accordance with the rudder angles. 4. The relative formulas between the distance to the new course y and the altering course x were as follows: When rudder angles being 10。, 20。, 30。, y=52.2222+1.6133x, y=48.750+0.9383x, y=39.250+0.655x respectively. 5. There was little difference of the distance to the new course between rudder angle 20。and 30。, and so it is desirable for a navigator to a navigator to use the small rudder angles unless sudden emergencies. 6. Though her rudder angle being small her course stability was good according to the spiral tests.

등급분류는 사회적인 여러 세력이 갈등하고 조화를 도모하는 가운데 생겨나는 것으로서, 그 제도와 그것의 운용상황을 통해 해당 사회의 여러 요인들을 분석할 수 있다. 이러한 관점에서 2009년부터 ESRA라는 기관을 통해 시작된 이란의 게임 등급분류를 살펴보려 하였다. 초기에는 금지되는 게임의 건수와 비율이 매우 높았으며, 전체적으로 여타 등급도 연령등급이 다른 국가의 그것에 비하여 높은 편이었다. 금지되는 게임은 대개 왜곡된 종교관이 있는 채 폭력적인 게임이거나, 여성의 신체노출이 있는 것이었다. 하지만 최근에는 금지되는 게임이 없으며 연령등급의 비율도 다른 국가의 그것과 유사하게 변해가고 있다. 이란 정부의 산업육성의지와 산업으로서의 게임에 대한 인식의 제고, 게임의 문화적 영향력에 대한 이해 등으로 이러한 이란의 등급분류제도가 형성되고 변화하면서 운용되고 있다고 보여진다.

金鎭祜는 경상도 단성의 商山金氏 가문에서 1845년에 태어나 1908년까지 활동한 학자였다. 단성의 상산김씨는 조선 중기에 이미 ‘八文章家’가 배출되어 영남의 名家로 알려졌다. 19세기 중반에 상산김씨 문중 書齋인 仁智齋는 김씨 문중의 家學의 산실이자 강우학계의 학술문화의 중심지로서의 역할을 하였다. 김진호는 인지재에 소장된 수많은 책을 자유롭게 볼 수 있는 교육환경에서 자 랐다. 김진호는 17세부터 박치복의 문하에서 詩文을 배웠고, 이어 허전의 문하에서 禮學을 익혔다. 우선 그는 스승 박치복이 운영하던 百鍊齋에서 70여명의 강우 학자들과 함께 공부하였다. 그 뒤 그는 麗澤堂을 지어 박치복과 함께 講學활동 을 하였고, 박치복이 작고한 이후에는 그가 이택당을 맡아 후진을 양성하였다. 또한 그는 허전의 문하에서 禮學을 배웠는데 禮를 해석함에 있어 人情의 측면 보다는 義理의 측면을 더 강조하는 경향을 띠었다. 19세기에 강우학계의 학자들은 조선이 처한 위기를 理學을 새롭게 해석하여 극복하려고 하였다. 김진호는 理氣說에 있어 스승 이진상의 학설을 계승하여 七情도 理가 發한 것이라고 주장하였다. 또한 김진호는 明德을 心으로 이해하 여 명덕은 理이지 氣를 겸하고 있는 것은 아니라고 보았다. 이러한 김진호의 다 양한 주장은 19세기 당시 조선이 처한 위기를 타개하기 위해 禮學이나 理學을 義理중심으로 새롭게 해석한 것이다.

It is very important for both naval architects and ship's officers to know the maneuvering characteristics of their ships. As the abilities of a rudder which controlls a ship can be determined clearly by analyzing the results of Kempf's zig-zag maneuver and directional stability of a ship also known by Dieudonn spiral maneuver, the importance of turning test which takes much time is recently apt to be neglected. But because the test can be executed comparatively more simply than any other maneuvering tests, it gives some informations on the directional stability, and turning characteristics may be expressed simply by the results of the test, it is still often performed. In this paper several assumptions are made to simplify the turning motion of a ship. The equations of initial transient phase, the radius ofsteady turning circle, and the center of the steady turning point are derived by using the hydrodynamic derivatives. And then the approximate method of drawing the turning circle geometrically is suggested.