Certification labeling is a system which confirms the quality and appropriateness of pr oducts according to the standard set. It is usually evaluated by the third party to assure being reliability. Certification labeling can be used as one of the important sources of i nformation when consumers evaluate the products. Especially, certification labeling gi ves customers trust and confidence about products because the label can be the signali ng that the quality of the products is good. Although certification labeling influences p urchase decision making, many consumers do not trust the labels because of insufficie nt information of certification and distrust in the certifications. As consumers are becoming increasingly concerned about environment and wellbeing, manufacturers are turning a convention product into the production of a sustain able product. Sustainable certification can be environmental cues to evaluate a sustain able product based on the categorization inference. The aim of this research is the inte raction effect among sustainable cues on purchase intention. Consumers tend to perceive organic label of products as high-price. Thus, although they concern environment and well-being, they tend to purchase conventional products more than an organic product. In addition, an organic label can have a positive influence on perceived risk, and then perceived risk may affect purchase intention. However, the product with organic label including traceability may have a negative impact on perceived risk. Therefore, perceived risk can mediate the relationship between the interaction between organic label of products and traceability and purchase intention.

In this article, poly methyl triethoxy silane was compounded with an inorganic waterproof admixture at a certain ratio to improve the performance of gypsum products; a new type of high-efficiency compound water-proofing additive was also investigated. Furthermore, the waterproof mechanism and the various properties on the hardened gypsum plaster were investigated in detail by XRD and SEM. The results show that the intenerate coefficient of gypsum plaster increased to more than 0.9; the water absorbing rate decreased to less than 10 %. Both the bending strength and the compressive strength of gypsum plaster increased by various degrees. The intenerate coefficient reached a maximum value of 0.73 and the strength of the samples showed almost no change when 5 % cement alone was added. In this new type of the high-efficiency compound with waterproof additive, the optimal technological parameters for formulas were obtained to be: 5 % cement, 18 % mineral powder, and 0.8 % poly methyl triethoxy silane, to compound gypsum plaster. Meanwhile, the production of high performance gypsum as a building material has become possible.

Microorganism such as a bacterium, virus, fungus, or microscopic nematode worms can be used in agricultural practices to control of elimate pests that can inflict damage to a plant. Agents used as biopesticides include parasites, predators, fungi, bacteria and viruses. Each agent has a specific mode of operation used to control pests. They are being recommended and used as components of IPM programs in the production of high-value specialty crops such as fruit, nut, vegetable, vine, ornamental, and turf crops. The global pesticide market was valued in 2013 at approximately $54.2 billion. Of that total, nearly 30% is comprised of herbicides to control weed populations. This segment of the market is projected to expand through 2014 for both synthetic pesticides and biopesticides. The projected market percentage should reach nearly 6% by 2014. Biological control agents are termed as ‘Biological Pesticides’ by the Korean government. At present there are 33 registered products in Korea under this category, among these 19 are fungicidal, 13 are insecticidal and only 1 have herbicidal activity. The total number of domestically produced biological pesticides is 19 including Bts whereas rest of them are imported. Mostly these are originated from microorganisms. Organic agriculture materials are 1,300 registered products in Korea. Approximately 500 companies have registered your product is a very small company and the parent company, except for the more than 20 companies.

Study on effluent organic matter (EfOM) characteristic and removal efficiency is required, because EfOM is important in regard to the stability of effluents reuse, quality issues of artificial recharge and water conservation of aqueous system. UV technology is widely used in wastewater treatment. Many reports have been conducted on microbial disinfection and micro pollutant reduction with UV treatment. However, the study on EfOM with UV has limited because low/medium pressure UV lamp is not sufficient to affect refractory organics. The high intensity of pulsed UV would mineralize EfOM itself as well as change the characteristics of EfOM. Chlorine demand and DBPs formation is affected on the changed amounts and properties of EfOM. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect on EfOM, chlorine residual, and chlorinated DBPs formation with low pressure and pulsed UV treatment. The removal of organic matter through low pressure UV treatment is insignificant effect. Pulsed UV treatment effectively removes/transforms EfOM. As a result, the chlorine consumption is changed and chlorine DBPs formation is decreased. However, excessive UV treatment caused problems of increasing chlorine consumption and generating unknown by-products.

신선편의 샐러드와 유기농 채소에 오염되어 있는 식중독균인 B. cereus, S. aureus 그리고 E. coli를 대상으로 살균 소독제와 유기산에 대한 감수성을 평가하여 신선편의 식품의 미생물학적 안전성의 확보를 위한 올바른 세척제와 사용량을 제시하고자 하였다. S. aureus는 2% acetic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid와 1% CaO에 대하여 고농도의 염소계, 과산화수소계 보다 높은 살균 효과를 보였고 E. coli의 경우에는 1% acetic acid 와 CaO처리에 의해 80%의 분리주가 감소하여 50%에탄올과 400 ppm 차아염소산나트륨과 대등한 감소율을 보였다. B. cereus 분리주에 대한 1% CaO, 0.5% acetic acid, 2% malic acid와 tartaric acid 처리는 200 ppm의 차아염소산나트륨보다 높은 감소율을 나타내었고, 1%의 과산화수소와 대등한 감소율을 나타내었다. 본 연구에 따라 천연 물질 유래 살균 소독제인 CaO와 유기산은 기존의 화학적 살균제를 대체할 수 있는 천연 살균 소독제로 활용 될 수 있을 것이고 특히 환경 친화적이고 안전한 유기산은 고품질의 신선편의 채소를 안전성으로 공급하는데 효과적인 것으로 판단되었다.

The paper investigates the antecedents of Organic Food (OF) produce in Vietnam and the intentions and behavior of OF purchasers. A theoretical framework is developed and evaluated by simulation of the structural model. Data was collected from a convenient sample of 222 consumers from Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. The selection included 159 (72%) women, who were identified as being the primary buyers of organic food for their family (73%). Findings suggest food hygiene issues and conscientious self-identity as the much beneficial determinants of organic production perceptions. Because of the results in this report, the consideration for food security has gained little research consideration throughout the field of organic produce. Food safety concerns are also related to academics exploring consumer confidence as they might be regarded as one of their aspects in selecting standard, natural or health food products. Findings suggest food security as one of the essential determinants of motivation, while health awareness purports to become the least significant motivation, contrary to observations from certain previous studies. However, it is observed that moral personality-identity influences both perceptions and willingness to buy organic food, stressing that the association of participants with ethical concerns influences their perceptions and eventual choices of consumption.

Product familiarity is vital to assess the purchase intention of consumers. In this study, a conceptual model was proposed to investigate the relationship among organic products familiarity, perceived value (measured by quality, emotional, price and social dimensions), and the purchase intention of students. The model was empirically tested using questionnaire survey data collected from 235 university students. The results reveal that organic products familiarity is positively associated with quality, emotional value, price value and social value. On the other hand, emotional value, price value and social value is also positively associated with purchase intention whereas quality shows insignificant relationship with purchase intention. Overall, the result shows students have positive outlook about their intention to purchase organic products.

The purpose of this study is to analyze willingness to pay (WTP) for organic agricultural products. To accomplish the objective of the study, a consumer survey was conducted. Based on the pilot survey results, parametric survival model was used to analyze the WTP for organic products. The estimation results showed that the WTP for organic agricultural products is 1.4-fold when compared with the conventional products, which is lower than the current price by about 30 percent. The analytical results also showed that such variables as gender, recognitions for organic agricultural products, and consumers’ income have very significant effects on the WTP, and that there are no differences among WTPs by consumption goals. Based on major findings, the most effective countermeasure was suggested for expanding of organic food consumption through the premium reduction of organic products. Reducing the costs of production and distribution, supporting farmers’ income by direct payment system were presented. Furthermore, it is needed to allocate more budget for promoting the consumption and distribution of organic agricultural products, and for enhancing conservation of agricultural environment.

Formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) including trihalomethans (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) from chlorination of six different species (Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus sp., Anabaena cylindrical, Microcystis aeruginosa, Asterionella formosa and Aulacoseira sp.) of algal extracellular organic matter (EOM). The EOM characteristics evaluation of six algal species reaching at the stationary phase in the growth curve showed most of its SUVA254 showed below 1 and this means hydrophilic organic matter is much higher than hydrophobic organic matter. Chloroform formation potential (CFFP), dichloroacetic acid formation potential (DCAAFP) and trichloroacetic acid formation potential (TCAAFP) were mainly composed of THMFP and HAAFP in the EOM of various algal species. In the case of THMFP/DOC and HAAFP/DOC values, EOM of blue-green algae has appeared highest and EOM of green algae and diatom in order. THMFP/DOC was higher than HAAFP/DOC in EOM of blue-green algae. In comparison of formation potential by unit DOC composed of HAAFP in algal species EOM, DCAAFP/DOC was 1.5 times to 7.5 time higher than TCAAFP/DOC in the EOM of blue-green algae, while DCAAFP/DOC was found to be relatively high compared to TCAAFP/DOC in the EOM of green algae and diatom.

The objective of the study is to investigate factors affecting consumers’ purchase intention toward imported organic agricultural products. To accomplish the goal of the study a consumer survey was administered for randomly selected households residing in capital area. Results show that the more consumers trust a safety of domestic products and a certification system, the less they purchase the imported products. In addition, it is demonstrated that educated consumers are relatively less reluctant to imported organic agricultural products. Finally, an improvement of domestic certification system, decrease of price of environmentally friendly agricultural products, and aggressive promotion are required to enhance the competitiveness of the domestic environmentally friendly agricultural products.

While a range of natural organic matter (NOM) types can generate high levels of disinfection by-products (DBPs) after chlorination, there is little understanding of which specific compounds act as precursors. Use of eight model compounds allows linking of explicit properties to treatability and DBP formation potential (DBPFP). The removal of model compounds by various treatment processes and their haloacetic acid formation potential (HAAFP) before and after treatment were recorded. The model compounds comprised a range of hydrophobic (HPO) and hydrophilic (HPI) neutral and anionic compounds. On the treatment processes, an ozone oxidation process was moderate for control of model compounds, while the HPO-neutral compound was most treatable with activated carbon process. Biodegradation was successful in removing amino acids, while coagulation and ion exchange process had little effect on neutral molecules. Although compared with the HPO compounds the HPI compounds had low HAAFP the ozone oxidation and biodegradation were capable of increasing their HAAFP. In situations where neutral or HPI molecules have high DBPFP additional treatments may be required to remove recalcitrant NOM and control DBPs.

In order to cope wíth change of Korean and global consumptíon trend, ít ís forecast that GAP cultívated gínseng & íts processed products, Organíc cultívated gínseng & íts processed products, Sanyangsam & íts processed products as wel/ as exístíng whíte gínseng (products), red gínseng (products), Taekuksam (products), black gínseng (products) wíll enter ínto market and customer demands wíll create new consumptíon. Eventual/y, ít ís consídered that the tíme has come for consíderíng and carryíng out together for raw materíal cultívatíon and productíon, research and development of processed products and export and dístríbutíon of domestíc and overseas market.

In order to research the adsorption removal characteristics of trace organic by-products in disinfection of drinking water by biological activated carbon(BAC), water samples disinfected with Cl_2, O_3 and ClO_2 after treatment by fluidized-bed system with water added with humic acid(l0㎎/L) were investigated the formation and the removal of trihalomethanes (THMs), and the trace organic by-products by gas chromatography(GC) & gas chromatography/mass selective detector(GC/MSD). Control was used by activated carbon(AC) and water added with hurnic acid(HA). The results were summarized as follow ; The THMs removal effect of BAC by chlorination was in lower 90 % than that of control(HA), the sorts of oxidants formed by Cl_2, O3 and ClO_2 were that O_3 was very fewer than Cl_2 or ClO_2 and that ClO_2 was fewer than Cl_2 The trace organic by-products were esters and phthalates etc. Based on results above, it is concluded that BAC was appeared the more desirable adsorption-degradation removal characteristics than that of AC.