울시 가로수의 79%를 차지하는 은행나무, 메타세콰이어, 느티나무, 양버즘나무를 대상으로 흉고직경 을 이용하여 4개의 상대생장식을 비교하였다. 최적의 상대생장식을 개발하기 위하여 이용된 통계량은 결정계수, 잔차 평균, 절대평균 잔차제곱이다. 이를 통하여 추정된 수종별 상대생장식은 양버즘나무에 서  , 은행나무, 메타세콰이어, 느티나무에서    식이고 결정계수는 0.873이상의 수치를 나타내 어 가로수 탄소저장량 추정에 사용이 적합한 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서 개발된 재적식을 이용하여 추정된 서울시 가로수의 주요 4종에 저장된 탄소량은 약 33,760tC이다. 본 연구의 결과로 제시된 서울 시 가로수의 재적식과 탄소저장량은 가로수의 수종별 생장 및 재적정보를 제시하고 도시녹지의 탄소저 장량 평가에 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

귀화식물인 가중나무는 도시지역에서 많이 발견된다. 그 주된 이유는 유.무성 생식이 잘 되기 때문이다. 종자의 확산과 맹아 출현에 의해 도시 서식지 내에서 쉽게 군락을 형성한다. 그러므로 가중나무의 종자의 확산과 발아분포 특성을 조사하는 것은 도시녹지 관리에 중요하다. 가중나무의 종자 확산 및 실생묘의 분포는 다음과 같이 조사되었다. 남산과 같이 환경조건이 최상일 때는 350개체, 퇴계원사거리 경우 50개체 정도가 발아해서 자란다. 이러한 종자는 풍향의 영향과 지형적 특성에 따라 확산 분포되는 경향이 있다. 조사대상지는 종자가 떨어지는 늦가을에서 봄까지 주로 북서풍이 불고 있으므로 남쪽으로 많이 비산 되었으며, 경사지인 퇴계원사 거리에서는 경사지의 아래쪽에 주로 분포하였다. 종자 발아에 의한 실생묘의 분포는 모수(母樹)의 수관폭과 비교하였을 때, 수관폭 내에 떨어지는 경우보다 수관폭 외곽에 떨어지는 경향이 있으며, 조사지역에서는 수관폭의 최대 7.5배까지 실생묘가 분포하였다. 주로 수관 폭의 2~4배 지점(20M 이내에 75% 분포)에서 군생을 나타냈다. 가중나무 종자 발아에 의한 실생묘 분포 확산으로 볼 때, 가중나무는 도시의 열악한 환경에서라도 급격한 개체수 증가가 있을 수 있으며, 이는 도시 토양의 보호라는 측면과 가중나무가 타수종과 경쟁에서 성공함으로 종 다양성 감소라는 측면을 같이 고려하여 관리방안을 모색해야 할 것으로 판단된다.

경기도 동두천시는 2006년 이후 침체되고 있는 원도심 거리 개선 사업을 여러 방면으로 진행하고 있다. 동두천시 지역 축 제 중 크리스마스트리축제가 있다. 이는 한국 주민과 주둔 미군, 외국인 노동자들도 함께 공감할 수 있는 문화콘텐츠이기에 도시 이미지 쇄신과 지역 발전을 위해 활용 가능성이 높은 축제이다. 본고에서 제1, 2회 트리축제를 분석 및 연구를 하여, 주요 개선점을 4가지(1)홍보와 마케팅-주제와 테마 설정 2)트리축제 아이덴티티 및 디자인 컨셉 설정 3)디자인 심미성 완 성도 환경 친화 4)협업)영역으로 추출 하였다. 이를 ICD 세부 방법론 8가지를 세우고 디자인을 개발 하였다. 그 결과 총 63종의 ICD아이템이 개발 되었다. 결과적으로 트리축제사상 최대 관람객을 동원하는데 디자인이 도움이 되었고, 축제 행 사 기간 동안 주간 및 야간 경관 모두 이전보다 발전된 모습을 볼 수 있었다. 이 연구는 다음해 트리축제 디자인을 효율적 으로 추진할 수 있는 기반이 될 수 있으며, 발생가능 문제를 예측하고 합리적인 대안을 구축하는데 교안으로 활용 가능 할 것이다. 하지만 앞으로 지속가능한 트리축제를 위해서는 ICD 핵심팀과 진행팀의 긴밀한 연계, 지역 주민과의 협업, 효율적 인 관리 운영 시스템 개발, 업무 로드의 균형적 경영 등의 문제에 관해서는 지속적인 연구가 필요하다.

Urban Heat Island has become a serious problem in urban area. Tree is considered as effective measure for mitigating urban heat. The purpose of this study is reviewing urban heat island mitigation effect of tree, focusing on evaluation indices related to temperature reduction. We selected 49 previous studies and classified studies considering type of site and variables related to mitigate urban heat. Studies were classified as tree, vegetation, green roof/wall and green area. Variables of each group were categorized as space, function, individual and environment variables. Each study site showed different mitigation effects and considered different variables. Therefore, plans or designs for green area in urban area should consider differences among sites and use integrated evaluation indices including humidity and wind speed for mitigating urban heat.

The purpose of the study was to review ecosystem service researches and show the trend to guide researchers who want to study ecosystem service. Ecosystem service has been a theoretical base for conservation of nature such as grand mountains, rivers and so on. Moreover, reviewed studies showed economical, social, environmental values of ecosystem service in nature as well as in urban to support ecosystem service theory. By leading metropolitan governments in America, Canada and european and asian countries, the urban tree canopy(UTC)s’ ecosystem services have been evaluated quantitatively and accumluated as urban forestry data. This global trend has an implication that the study of UTC and its ecosystem service can support the provision of urban forestry and green spaces and especially, Korean cities should realize UTCs’ values on ecosystem services and start to apply them institutionally to enhance their urban environment.

Tree canopy is a valuable component consisting of urban ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to classify urban tree canopy (UTC) by using high resolution imagery and object-oriented classification (OOC), which was used to classify the different land cover types. With an urban canopy mapping system based on OOC and Decision Tree Classification (DTC), a site mapping was carried out by merging spectral data of high resolution imagery. This methodological approach showed high classification accuracy to distinguish small patches and continuous UTC boundaries on the high resolution imagery. For shadow removal, decision tree classification with various environmental variables such as brightness channel and band combination could effectively work. Our proposed methodology can be successfully used for the assessment and restoration of fragmented urban ecosystem and offer an opportunity to obtain high classification accuracy for the distinction of UTC components in urban landscape areas.

Urban stormwater runoff was considered to be more contaminated than the runoff from other land uses due to vehicle and human activities. Specifically, road runoff was commonly regarded as the primary pollutant (e.g. particulates and heavy metals) in the urban environment. Effectiveness of stormwater management strategies and treatment facilities in treating road runoff were highly based on the accuracy of the stormwater quantity and quality estimation. Although direct sampling of runoff during a storm event effectively quantifies the contaminant contributions in a specific area, it is expensive and time consuming. In order to efficiently design these treatment facilities based from the typical pollutant and hydrologic processes, the operation of modelling techniques were recommended. In this research, the physical characteristics of an existing tree box filter treating road runoff were adjusted using stormwater management model (SWMM) to determine the most suitable design configuration for better volume and pollutant reduction. The catchment area (CA), storage volume (SV) and surface area (SA) of the facility was increased or decreased by an increment of 25%. These changes were simulated by SWMM and would predict the influence of larger or smaller CA, SV or SA with respect to the facility performance. The hydrologic, hydraulic and water quality data used in the modelling were gathered from the 10 storm events monitored from July 2012 to July 2013. The total suspended solids were considered as the main target pollutants for this research however, the results will be correlated with the common heavy metal constituents present in the sampled runoff. Various design installations (e.g. series and parallel installation of tree box filter) were also modelled to accurately justify the obtained design configurations. Among the different configurations simulated, increasing the original values of the CA, SV and SA between 0.75% and twice the original value would result to better performance for the system. As for the installations being modelled, a centralized system would provide better volume and pollutant reduction than a divided system.

As air pollution has emerged as one of the most pressing urban environmental concerns, many studies have investigated the influence of air pollutants(ex: O3, NO2, SO2, Acid rain, etc.) on roadside trees and urban grove. In Korea, population density started to increase since the industrialization. Since dense population aggravates our living conditions, it's very important for us to preserve and keep a lively and refreshing nature in order to live with green nature in harmony under the current artificial environment-dominating world. In metropolitan cities, the production of pollutants increases in proportion to population growth. The vehicle exhaust gas and air pollutants from cooling and heating systems have been the major causes of acid rain. Furthermore, tire particles which are naturally produced by tire wearing on roads and other toxic substances in exhaust gas have caused a problem in human health directly and indirectly. In fact, a lot of studies have analyzed air pollution, roadside trees and plants in Korea. However, they are mostly limited to covering the influence of air pollution on the growth of plants. No paper has clearly explained why air pollution-resistant or-vulnerable species has shown different reactions yet. Even though a lot of urban roadside trees have died or stopped to grow from time to time, this kind of problem has not been properly examined. This paper is aimed to comparatively analyze physio-ecological characteristic such as photosynthesis, chlorophyll contents, soil volume water figure out their relationship with environmental factors against the expanding roadside trees in Cheong-ju, and provide basic data for management of roadside trees and elaboration of urban environment preservation policies.