This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a nutrition and exercise education program on weight control and nutrition knowledge. The nutrition-exercise educational period was 12 weeks. The subjects were 160 adult women with an average age of 48.1 years. We investigated general characteristics, diet history, eating habits, and intake frequencies of six food groups by survey. A total of 94 women among the subjects participated in the pre and post nutrition knowledge evaluations and anthropometric data assessment. After the program, body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference significantly decreased. Further, % of body fat decreased, but not significantly. BMI significantly decreased (p<0.001) from 25.14 to 24.80 kg/m2, and waist circumference significantly decreased (p<0.001) from 79.72 to 77.63 cm. The nutrition knowledge scores of subjects significantly increased (p<0.001) from 8.01 to 9.03. However, there was little change in employment. These results suggest that the nutrition-exercise education program may improve obesity index and nutrition knowledge. However, it is necessary to develop a specialized weight control program for workers.

This study was conducted to investigate the change in the anthropometric values, biochemical index, nutritional knowledge, food habits and nutrient intakes in obese children after a weight control program. The subjects of the study were 22 obese children with an obesity index over 120%. The children that participated in this study took nutritional education for weight control along with exercise once a week. The weight control program was conducted for 10 weeks. The BMI, WHR (Waist-Hip ratio), body fat (%) significantly decreased at the end of the weight control program. Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were also significantly decreased. The nutritional knowledge scores and knowledge score about obesity were slightly improved. Energy intake significantly decreased from 1768 to 1421 kcal. Intake of Ca, Na, K, vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin C and folate increased, while intakes of P, Zn, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin E and niacin decreased. The distribution of energy intake was significantly changed for the better. The percent fat consumed decreased from 26.5 to 19.7%. In addition, the distribution of energy intake in the meals was changed, where the percent calories consumed during lunch significantly increased from 31.4 to 40.1% and the calorie percentage consumed from snacks significantly decreased from 17.6 to 10.7%. In conclusion, the nutritional education in the weight control program, which was conducted for 10 weeks, was effective in improving the anthropometric values, biochemical index and nutrient intake although nutrition knowledge and eating behaviors only changed slightly. Thus, nutritional weight control programs for obese children should be continuously provided under the proper cooperation of a nutritional teacher at elementary schools.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of weight control programs on BMI, serum profiles, nutrition knowledge and eating behaviors of adult obese women. The subjects of this study were 33 adult obese women aged 30- 65 years residing in Seoul. The weight control program for obese women included nutritional education, cognitive behavioral therapy and exercise for 12 weeks. The weight control experience of the subjects was 60.6%. They preferred physical exercise and diet restriction to weight control and 72.7% of subjects answered that the reasons for wanting to control their weight was health. The BMI of test subjects significantly decreased (p<0.001) from 28.3 to 27.1 after the 12 weeks of the weight control program. In addition, the % body fat significantly decreased (p<0.001) from 36.4% to 34.5% after completion of the weight control program. SGPT levels in the serum were also significantly decreased (p<0.05) after the program. Triglyceride levels significantly decreased from 194.9 mg/dL to 98.1 mg/dL (p<0.01) and the HDL cholesterol level significantly increased (p<0.01) from 55.8 mg/dL to 60.0 mg/dL after completion of the weight control program. Nutritional knowledge and eating behavior scores were significantly increased (p<0.001). In addition, the eating self-efficacy of the subjects was significantly increased (p<0.01); however, the food diversity scores were not changed after the program. These results suggest that the weight control program for adult obese women may be effectively used to promote weight reduction and improve nutritional knowledge and eating behavior.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the multilateral weight control program provided by the university health care center for female college students. The program was 8weeks long and composed of nutrition consultation, exercise, and behavior modification. Nutrition education focused on a low calorie and balanced diet, increasing the intake of protein and micronutrients and reducing carbohydrate and fat consumption. Evaluations were made upon completion of an 8-week program and upon follow-up at 6 months after the end of program. A total of 92 women completed the 8-week program, while 20 completed the follow-up survey. Upon completion of the 8-week program, significant decreases in body weight, BMI, body fat (kg), and %body fat were observed, and muscle mass was also reduced. The total energy and carbohydrates intake were also significantly decreased in subjects with weight loss, while the percentage of subjects whose consumption of protein, calcium, iron, vitamin B1, B6, and niacin did not meet the EAR, were decreased. The blood values of glucose, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were decreased. The follow-up survey revealed that the subjects continued to lose weight after completion of the program. In addition, a Mini nutrition assessment revealed that diet quality improved, especially with respect to reductions in the consumption frequency of fried, greasy and salty food. In conclusion, the multilateral weight control program with diet education for female college students was effective for long lasting weight control and improved dietary behavior. Nutrition education for weight reduction should focus on balanced nutrition as well as lowering the total caloric intake.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of eating habits and control of overeating of obese children on the body weight control program. The program included nutritional education, psychotherapy and physical exercise on weekly session for 9 months. The results of this study were as follows. Participants of the study involved 30 obese children attending elementary school. The average age of the children was 11.78 years, mean height and weight were 146.22cm and 50.61kg. The average BMI and body fat contents were 24.06 and 30.49% respectively and WHR of the children was 0.87. There was a significant difference between boys and girls' BMI(25.18, 23.31, p<0.01). As a result of the eating habits test, 50% of the subjects showed low level of regularity of diet, and 76.7% of the subjects showed high level of balanced diet score. Large portion(83.3%) of the subjects had high level of healthy behavior score. WHR of girls significantly decreased from 0.86 to 0.82(p<0.01) after the body weight control program. There were no significant differences in serum components of the obese children after the program. When regarding the score of eating habits in relation to obesity indices, the WHR significantly decreased(p<0.05) in a group of children with high eating habits score. Also in the group of overeating controls, significantly decreased WHR(p<0.05). In the results of correlation analysis, body weight was positively correlated with BMI(r=0.624), the level of total cholesterol(r=0.5109) and HDL cholesterol(r=0.5088). The score of healthy behavior was positively correlated with height(r=0.5286) and negatively correlated with the level of LDL cholesterol(r=0.3555) and WHR(r=0.4028) These results suggest that the body weight control program must be considerate of the different groups of children with different scores in the eating habits and overeating controls test.

평균 연령 10.8세인 비만 아동 17명을 대상으로 12주간 영양교육을 중심으로 한 체중조절 프로그램을 실시한 결과 비만도와 BMI에서는 유의적인 변화를 보이지 않았으나 허리둘레 및 엉덩이 둘레가 유의적으로 감소하였고, HDL-콜레스테롤이 유의적으로 증가하였다. 지방 조직 분비 호르몬-resistin, adiponectin, leptin의 수준은 체중조절 프로그램 실시전과 후에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. Resistin과 leptin의 변화량은 BMI 변화량과 양의 관계를, adiponect의 변화량은 음의 관계를 나타내 체위와의 상관성을 보여주었으나 본 연구만으로 이들 호르몬들과 체위변화와의 상관성을 규명하기에는 부족했다. 또한 체중조절 프로그램 후 열량 외에 무기질과 비타민 등 대부분의 영양소 섭취가 감소하여 체중조절 프로그램을 진행할 때 열량섭취는 줄이면서 미량 영양소의 섭취는 유지할 수 있게 올바른 식품을 선택할 수 있도록 하는 교육이 강화되어야 할 것이다. 본 연구는 비교적 단기간의 체중조절프로그램의 효과를 살펴본 것으로서, 본 연구결과를 토대로 앞으로 영양교육의 내용을 수정하고, 체조성 변화에 대한 연구를 강화하며 좀 더 장기적인 체중조절 프로그램을 수행한다면 아동 비만 치료에 더 좋은 효과를 낼 수 있을 것이라 사료된다. 또한 비만과 체지방분비호르몬의 상관성에 대한 후속연구도 필요한 것으로 본다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of food habits and anxiety level of obese children on body weight control program. The body weight control program included nutrition education, psychotherapy and exercise for weekly session during 9 months. The results from this study were as follows. A total of 27 obese children(boys 44.4%, girls 55.6%) participated in this study. The average age of children was 11.7 years, average height and weight were 141.7cm and 48.1kg respectively. Rohrer index(RI) of children was significantly decreased from 167 to 163(p〈0.001) and BMI was significantly decreased from 24.5 to 23.9 (p〈0.01) after body weight control program. This study also found obesity index(OI) was significantly decreased from 133% to 128%(p〈0.01) of 18 children after program. There was not significant difference in food habits score but frequency of overeating, and eating frequency of meats were significantly decreased(p〈0.05) after body weight control program. Also depression score significantly decreased after body weight control program(p〈0.001) and there was significant negative correlation(r=-0.552) between food habits and anxiety level. The factors analysis of anxiety items indicated that children had feelings more calm and sate after program(p〈0.05). Therefore continuous and practical nutritional education and psychotherapy to change food habits and anxiety level are necessary to decrease child obesity. These results suggest that body weight control program including nutrition education, exercise and psychotherapy may be effective physiological and psychological body health of obese children.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of obesity and depression level of obese children on body weight control program. The body weight control program included nutrition education, psychotherapy and exercise for weekly session during 9 months. The results from this study were as follows. A total of 27 obese children participated in this study. The average age of children was 11.7 years, 70% of children had regular exercise. Average exercise time was 1.2 hours and watching television time was 1.8 hours. Children's serum composition were within normal ranges. Rohrer index(RI) was significantly decreased to 163 from 167(p<0.001) and BMI was significantly decreased to 23.9 from 24.5(p<0.01) after body weight control program. There was not significant difference in depression score after body weight control program and there was not significant correlation between obesity and depression level. The response tendency of depression items indicated obese children had negative depression feelings and couldn't have hopeful mind to the future. But there were significant increase(p<0.05) in depression and hopeful mind in factor analysis. The suggestion and limitations of this study were discussed. These results suggest that body weight control program including nutrition education, exercise and psychotherapy may be effective for helping obese children.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of parent's nutritional education for body weight control of obese children. The weight control program include nutritional education, exercise and behavioral therapy during 20 weeks. Twenty- three children completed this program, the children were divided into two groups by control group and parent's nutritional education group. Parents volunteered to participate in a 4 week nutritional education program for parents and contact the therapist at least once per week to help their obese children. The results from this study were as follows. There were not significant differences in anthropometric values after weight control program between two groups. Triglyceride(TG) level in serum was decreased after weight control program in group of parent's nutritional education, but there was not significant difference. Parent's nutritional education did not add improvements in weight and fitness, but the children of parent's nutritional education group showed increased general self-worth upon completing the program(p<0.05) whereas the other children of control group did not. Also there were desirable changes of exercise and life habits in group of parent's nutritional education group.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of body weight control program for obese children. The program included nutrition education, exercise and behavioral therapy for 20 weekly sessions. The results from this study were as follows. The average age of the subjects was 11.3 years, mean height and weight were 146.12cm and 59.42kg respectively. After weight control preogram, Rohrer index(Rl) was significantly decreased from 186.78 to 182.72(p<0.001). There were not significant differences in body fat percent(%) and fat weight(kg) but it showed decreased pattern. In the change of body circumferences, chest circumference was significantly increased(p<0.01) and mid-arm circumference was significantly decreased(p<0.001) after weight control program. Triglyceride(TG) level in serum was significantly decreased from 113.79 to 80.36(p<0.01) and total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol level showed declind pattern. The food habits of obese children significantly improved(p<0.001) after weight control prgram. And there were desirable changes of food attitude, excercise and life habits. These results suggest that weight control program including nutrition education, exercise and behavioral therapy may be effective for helping obese children.