Formaldehyde is important because of its irritant and toxic properties, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, In this study, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) was used for the analysis of formaldehyde after derivatization with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) cartridge. Analytical parameters such as linearity, repeatability and minimum detection limit were evaluated. The linearity (r²) was 0.9999 when analyte concentration ranges from 50 to 400 ㎍/L. The relative standard deviation (%RSD) was 0.83% for the concentration of 400 ㎍/L, and the minimum detection limit (MDL) was 0.27 ppbv. We investigated the distribution of formaldehyde concentrations based on a total of 96 samples(industrial area : 32, complex boundary line : 32, affected (residential) area : 32) measured at the Shi-Hwa industrial complex from April to October 2006. By the statistical analysis of these measurement data, the average level of formaldehyde from industrial area, complex boundary line, and affected area was 2.7, 2.1, and 2.2 ppb during the daytime (10:00~16:00), and 1.4, 1.1, and 1.6 ppb during the nighttime (19:30~23:00), respectively. And also, we investigated the emission concentrations of formaldehyde from various emission sources of 33 individual companies located in the Shi-Hwa industrial complex from September to November 2006. The results of our study showed that the emission concentrations of formaldehyde greatly varied according to industrial and source types. The emission concentrations of formaldehyde showed in the descending oder of 11.4 ppm for insulation cable process, 2.0 ppm for sand casting process, 1.7 ppm for synthesis rubber process, and 1.3 ppm for hexamine process.

The malodor control law enacted in 2005, regulated malodor substances ansmg from factory or service industry. In this work, an attempt is made to understand the actual conditions of malodor occurrence for types of industry and to settle trouble for a odor complaint. The odor concentration unit (o.u/㎥) of each major odor emitting industry was actualized by the indirect olfactory method including air dilution sensory test method in Korea. The industry that malodor complaint originate mainly were Chemical manufacturing industry, Waste disposal facilities and Livestock farming. As the results, Livestock farming were measured from 3 o.u/㎥ to 30 o.u/㎥ in the source boundary site, Waste disposal facilities were measured from 300 o.u/㎥ to 669 o.u/㎥ in the stack and Chemical manufacturing industry was analyzed from 300 o.u/㎥ to 1442 o.u/㎥ in the stack. Sampling of the source boundary site was demand the reform because malodor state at the field not expressed properly. In oder to solve such problem, propose total odor emission rate (T.O.E.R) introduction.

Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are malodor compounds which are produced from the decomposition of animal or plant species. It is very difficult to detect VFAs due to their strong adsorptive properties. In this study we develop an analytical method using headspace-GC/FID with an alkali-impregnated filter sampling. The addition of NaCl and H₂S0₄ makes the salt-out and pH-lowering effect, respectively. The high boiling points (141~185℃) and vapor pressures require a high temperature and long heating time for the standard sample in vials to reach an equilibrium. The analytical response was highest when the absolute quantity in the sample was 5 mL in a 22 mL vial. The addition of NaCl for the salt-out effect can give a higher sensitiviry by a factor of 1.1~4.2 than that of Na₂SO₄. The mass amount of 4.6 g of NaCl can result in a higher sensitivity, which is higher than the supersaturated solubility of 4.2 g. The concentration of H₂SO₄ is as low as 2% (v/v). When the concentration range is 8.3 -562.1 ppb, a coefficient of R²~0.99 can be obtained for the five VFAs samples. The analytical errors in a reproducibility test are less than 10% and the detection limit is estimated to be 0.05~0.1 ppb. Our headspace-GC/FID analytical method can be utilized to effectively detect the five kinds of VFAs which shall be restricted in Republic of Korea from the year of 2010.

In this study, we attempted to evaluate the relationship between air dilution sensory test and instrumental detection method for samples containing various odorous compounds. For the purpose of our comparative study, the analysis of malodor compounds was made using a total of 70 samples collected from three industrial sectors which include: Food & beverage, Waste treatment and cleaning, and Miscellaneous facilities. The results of instrumental analyses converted into three different odor indices (the odor concentration (OC), odor quotient (OQ), and odor intensity (OI)) were used to statistically sort out individual odorous components with the major impact. The results of multiple regression analysis between air dilution ratio value and instrumental odor concentration (of individual 12 compounds) indicate that butyraldehyde, CH₃SH, NH₃, and H₂S are the major odorous compounds that contribute most significantly to odor strength for the sample types investigated in this study.

This study was conducted to identify status of odor managing zones in incheon metropolitan city. There are four odor managing zones in incheon ; Namdong industrial complex, Seobu industrial complex, Seoknam-Wonchangdong industrial complex, Baekseok-Oryudong area. Each zone with 16 sampling sites consisted of three parts. One was inner area (1-1~1-4 site) and another was boundary area (2-1~2-4 site) and the third was outer area (3-1~3-8 site). We analyzed quarterly 18 items of odor pollutants in order to investigate air quality of odor managing zones during 2006. Data of inner area was higher than that of boundary or outer area and concentration of odor pollutants of night was higher than that of day. Overall results of this study showed that concentration of odor pollutants in some sampling sites of boundary and outer area was too low (about ND). Especially ambient hydrogen sulfide of inner area (1-1 site) and boundary area (2-1 site) in baekseok-oryudong odor zone were 0.82 ppm and 0.55 ppm respectively due to landfill gas.

This study was conducted to evaluate the dilution accuracy of the dynamic olfactometer made in Republic of Korea and analyze the correlation of odor levels from the olfactometry method and Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS). The evaluation of dilution accuracy using CH₄ standard gas for the dynamic olfactometer at lower dilution ratios of 3, 10, 30, 100 and 300, and at higher dilution ratios of 100, 300, 1000, 3000 and 10000 showed the relative errors of 1.48~3.40% and 2.06~4.76% respectively showing a good dilution accuracy. Twenty odor samples from the stacks of odor-monitoring factories in the industrial complex located at the western coastal area of ROK were analyzed with the dynamic olfactometer for complex odor and LC/MS for five types of aldehydes, and a very weak correlation of R² = 0.1276 between OU(Odor Unit) from the olfactometer data and SOQ (Summation of Odor Quotient) from LCjMS data was obtained. Because of the complexity of the odor composition, using concentration of single or group of gases to represent odor level has not been proved to fully estimate the presence or level of odors. Therefore, the dynamic olfactometry which has a good dilution accuracy and a standardized odor evaluation system is considered as a very resonable method to assess complex odor.

Odor managements were divided from air pollution prevention law because of sensory, temporary, partial, and distributive characteristics. Therefore, odor prevention law and odor analysis method were published for malodor management in Feb. 2004, and Feb. 2005, respectively. In this study, we considered problems of odor prevention law and odor analysis method according to their enforcement, and then we suggested an alternative idea. In the odor prevention law, we thought over odor emission point, application of emission standard, and requirement of odor analysis organization. And also, we considered odor analysis methods such as sampling time, judgment procedure of dilution ratio values of the threshold limit for complex odor, field blank for aldehydes analysis, display of valid figure.