In this study, odor active compounds, emitted from food waste composting facility, were analyzed and their contribution degree were evaluated. Sample gases were collected at the inlet and outlet of scrubbing tower and bio-filter, respectively. The odor active compounds were separated by GC/FID/Olfactometry (GC/FID/O) and identified by GC/MS. Odor intensity and SNIF (Surface of Nasal Impact frequency) were used to evaluate contribution of each odor active compound. It was possible to calculate contribution rate (%) and reduction rate (%) of odor active compounds using analysis and evaluation of contribution degree of odor active compounds. As a result, the compounds showing the high contribution degree were fatty acids, ketones at inlet and aldehydes, ketones at outlet. Deodoring equipment of food waste composting facility appeared effective for the reduction of aldehydes, ketones but appeared week for the reduction of aldehydes. Although scrubbing tower and bio-filter could reduce 7 times of odor level, the outlet gases had odor dillution ratio of 3000, which exceed the allowable levels of Korean guideline by 6 times.

In this study, odorous emissions from decaying foods were investigated with respect to trimethylamine and ammonia. To this end, three food types (egg, mackerel, and cuttlefish) were used for decaying experiments in which food samples were preserved in throwaway syringes (weight for each sample of 5 g). All decaying experiments advanced for one month under the normal temperature and ventilation. The average concentrations of TMA from egg, mackerel, and cuttlefish samples were measured as 0.6, 5.8 and 130 ppm, respectively, while those of NH₃ as 554, 385, and 531 ppm, respectively. According to our experiments, the concentrations of TMA and NH₃ increased with the progress of corruption. The release of malodor compounds tend to vary sensitively with the changes in temperature and humidity. In case of TMA, a strong correlation with temperature was observed on the order: mackerel ＞ egg ＞ cuttlefish. However, in the case of NH₃, strong correlations were seen to exist with humidity. Changes of TMA concentration were accompanied by changes of pH, especially from mackerel and cuttlefish. NH₃ also showed a similar trend of pH change from samples. When the results of TMA measurements were evaluated in terms of odor intensity, egg, mackerel, and cuttlefish are recorded as 4.36, 5.25 and 6.46, respectively. Likewise, odor intensity of NH₃ measurements was found as 6.96, 6.7 and 6.93, respectively. The results of our odor study suggest that a unique pattern of odor release is developed from decaying food samples.

In this study, we attempt to analyze for 4 compounds (MEK, MIBK, n-Butyl acetate, i-Butyl alcohol) in ambient air using on-line thermal desorber (on-line TD) with gas chromatograph/flame ionization detector (GC/FID). These compounds will be regulated by KMOE (Korean ministry of environment) within 2010. We tested two different experimentation. First, we try to find the influence of Nafion dryer for the 4 compounds. Second, we want to know basic analytical characteristic of target compounds through the linearity, reproducibility, and minimum detection limit. According to this study, target compounds are removed in Nafion dryer more than 80 percent, respectively. So, we progressed next experimentation progressed without Nafion dryer using hydrophobic cold trap. Results for each compounds showed good linearity (r²＝0.99 upper) and good precision (RSD＝1 % below). In additional, we analyzed the ozone precusors standard gas (56 compounds) using the same method to see if there are any peaks to be overlapped in ambient air. These results showed that there is no peak overlapped. This means that analytical system of this study could be used on-line analytical system. Minimum detection limit (MDL) value for this system are less than minimum malodor threshold concentration.

터널 내 축적된 다양한 오염원들은 간헐적으로 수행되는 세척과정 중에 폐수로 배출되게 되며, 서울 시내 3개 터널 지점에서 수행된 수질분석결과 SS, CODCr, T-N, NH3-N, NO3-N, Zn, Cu, Cr(+6). Mn, Mg, Phenol. CN-, E-Coli 등이 고농도 형태로 배출되는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 이러한 오염수질의 배출농도 특성은 터널 세척 폐수의 채취 방법, 세척횟수, 세척수량, 터널내벽 특성, 통행량, 배수 특성 등에 따라 다양한 농도범위를 보여주는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 수집된 터널 세척폐수를 단순 중력침전을 이용하여 저감실험을 수행한 결과, CODCr는 80%, T-N, T-P는 각각 30, 90% 제거됨을 확인하였고, 중력침전 분리를 통하여 제거되지 않은 잔여 오염물질에 대하여 GAC 소재를 통한 흡착실험(터널 세척폐수 1l에 대하여 GAC를 50g을 투입) 결과, CODCr, T-N, Zn, Cu, Mn, Phenol, CN 항목에서 80% 이상 제거됨을 확인하였다.

먹는 물 내에 존재하는 발암원인으로 의심되는 유기화학물질을 재래식 정수처리방법으로 제거한다는 것은 불가능하다. 이들을 AOP산화 & M/F membrane 혼성공정법을 이용하여 목적하는 처리수로 처리하고자 지하수를 반응조에 유효용량으로 유입하고 유기화학물질을 인위적으로 투입 혼합하여 충분히 희석시키고 이것을 효율적으로 처리하기 위해 최적운전조건을 도출하였다. 유기 화학물질 중 VOCs는 페놀과 톨루엔을 그리고 농약은 파라치온, 다이아지논과 카바닐을 대상으로 조사하였다. 실험은 각각 분류별 단일용액과 혼합용액으로 수행하였으며, 실험결과 충분한 분해 및 제거를 위한 운전조건은 H2O2는 150 mL로 정량 주입하고, pH는 5.5~6.0, 온도는 12~16℃로 일정하게 유지하고, 용존오존량은 5.0 mg/L이상, 반응시간은 30~40분이 최적 조건이었으며 그리고 같은 반응기 내 분리막의 사용은 0.45 μm 공경크기의 M/F membrane을 이용하여 대량의 음용수를 얻기 위한 결정이었다.

This paper presents contents of certificates, and use for reference materials. This study also introduces general requirements for the competence of reference material producers. Lastly this paper shows general and statistical principles for certification of reference materials.

A new blue phosphorescent material for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), Iridium(III)bis[2-(4-fIuoro-3-benzonitrile)-pyridinato-N,C2'] picolinate (Firpic-CN), was synthesized and studied. We compared characteristics of Firpic-CN and Bis(3,5-Difluoro-2-(2-pyridyl)phenyl-(2-carboxypyridyl) iridium III (FIrpic) which has been used for blue dopant materials frequently. The devices structure were indium tin oxide (ITO) (1000 a)/N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-(2-napthyl)-(1,1'-phenyl)-4,4'-diamine (NPB) (500 a)/4,4'-N,N'-dicarbazole-biphyenyl (CBP) : FIrpic and FIrpic-CN (X wt%)/4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BPhen) (300 a)/lithum quinolate (Liq) (20 a)/Al (1000 a). 15 wt% FIrpic-CN doped device exhibits a luminance of 1450 cd/m2 at 12.4 V, luminous efficiency of 1.31 cd/A at 3.58mA/cm2, and Commission Internationale d'Eclairage (CIEx,y) coordinates of (0.15, 0.12) at 12 V which shows a very deep blue emission. We also measured lifetime of devices and was presented definite difference between devices of FIrpic and FIrpic-CN. Device with FIrpic-CN as a dopant presented lower longevity due to chemical effect of CN ligand.