The purpose of this study was to analyze the preferences for the physical features of senior congregate housing. The survey was conducted to target the elderly households living in senior congregate housing and general elderly households living in the rural. The results of this study were as follows. Showed that housing conditions are more important than environmental conditions, elderly households living in senior congregate housing. Among them was the most important house prices and rents. Also among the external factors such as environmental conditions is the distance to the workplace were very important. So the elderly households living in congregate housing showed that more important considering the economic aspects. Finally, want to be the foundation of sustainable housing policies for rural elderly households.

각종 산업공정 및 생활과정에서 발생되는 폐기물을 처리하는 방법에는 다양한 방법이 존재하나 화석연료를 대체할 신재생에너지의 필요성이 확대되면서 폐기물도 처리되어야 할 대상에서 에너지원으로 다양한 활용방법이 제안되고 있다. 생활폐기물 고형연료제품 제조시설을 비롯한 전처리가 필요한 시설에서 중요한 것은 반입대상 폐기물의 물성이다. 본 연구는 전라남도 Y시의 생활폐기물의 물리화학적 특성을 파악하여 전처리 시설의 최적 설계 및 운영의 효율성을 증대시키기 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 실시하였다. Y시 소각장 반입폐기물에 대한 물리적 성상조사는 폐기물 수집운반차량에 적재되어있는 폐기물 전량을 대상으로 실시하였다. 폐기물 전량을 방수포 위에 쏟아 부은 뒤에 4가지 기준(조대폐기물, 종량제봉투, 비종량제봉투, 파봉폐기물으로 분류하였다. 조대폐기물은 선별공정에 투입되었을 때 문제가 생길 수 있을 것으로 판단되는 500mm 이상 크기로 구분하고 폐기물을 분류한 뒤에 종량제 봉투와 비종량제 봉투를 구분하였다. 비종량제봉투는 일반비닐봉투나 마대자루등으로 밀봉되어 반입된 폐기물이며 파봉폐기물은 수집운반차량에서 조대폐기물 및 밀봉된 폐기물을 제외한 파봉된 상태로 수집된 폐기물로 구분하였다. 조사대상 폐기물의 수거지역은 공동주택지역(가-지역, 나-지역), 단독주택지역, 시외곽지역 및 재활용선별장(재활용 선별하고 남은 잔재물)으로 선정하였다. 반입되는 폐기물은 종량제폐기물이 22.07 wt%, 비종량제폐기물은 23.99 wt%, 파봉폐기물이 44.39 wt%, 조대폐기물의 발생량이 9.55 wt%로 확인되었다. 반입되는 폐기물 중 전처리 시설을 가동할 때 조대폐기물을 제거한다고 가정하여 조대폐기물을 제외한 시료를 대상으로 물리적 조성을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 가연성 물질은 85.66 wt%이고 그 중 비닐이 21.77 wt%로 가장 높게 나타났으며 음식물(18.14 wt%), 종이(17.47 wt%), 기저귀/생리대(6.83 wt%)순으로 발생 되었다. 삼성분 분석을 실시한 결과 평균 수분은 36.01wt%이며 폐기물의 습기준 저위발열량은 2,573kcal/kg으로 다소 낮은 것으로 확인되었는데, 이는 대상폐기물 중 수분함량이 높은 음식물의 양이 많아 발열량에 영향을 미친 것으로 판단된다.

Through The Japanese case that they prevent earthquake damage by using seismic design, we design a building that before reform seismic design and conduct a seismic design evaluation. For detail evaluation, we use Nonlinear Static Analysis and find performance point that using by Capacity Spectrum Method of procedure B and Displacement Coefficient Method. We compared performance point of Capacity Spectrum Method of procedure B and target displacement of using Displacement Coefficient Method. Consequently we obtain a result that those are similar. Result of understanding each element performance level that base on performance point, some elements are unsatisfactory. Thus, We have come to conclusion that re-evaluate after reinforce structure.

This is preliminary study for development of specialized seismic performance evaluation and reinforce guidelines for piloti-type buildings. A residential Building with Pilotis was selected and the seismic performance evaluation was performed. The vulnerable parts of the piloti-type building for earthquake and the risks are verified. Finally, the necessity of evaluation and reinforce guidelines for the building with pilotis is presented.

Shows the problem of exposure to vibration generated from vehicle and train adjacent to the railway facilities are housing facilities. As a method for solving the problems caused by the vibration countermeasures have been provided various methods such as the vibration of the vibration trajectory, wave barriers wall, vibration isolation mat. Therefore, in the present study is to evaluate the vibration analysis by using vibration isolation mat for vibration reduction of housing facilities.

Living environments in rural area have become deteriorated rapidly. Increase of aging population, decline in agricultural income, polarization of wealth in rural community due to rural returners have caused severe decline and imbalance of living environments in rural area. Responding to this circumstances, governments currently develop projects for improving living environments focusing on individual housing which were excluded from governmental supports because those had been regarded as private property. Nevertheless, there are still some gaps and problems in evaluating the quality of living environment and suggesting effective solutions. It would be because standards and guidelines of the projects have been based on urban housing system. In order to support the implementation of the projects, this research has developed an index for evaluating and monitoring the quality of living environments in rural area. By applying Delphi method, the index has been created in four categories of ‘security’, ‘convenience’, ‘comfortability’, and ‘durability’ ‘Security’ consists of structural safety, crime, disaster, accident prevention. ‘Convenience’ includes three divisions of living, traffic, farm working. ‘Comfortability’ is divided into sanitation, indoor environments, and aesthetic appreciation. Lastly, ‘durability’ has four divisions of energy conservation, environmental friendliness, efficiency, and economics. Each sub-division also has different items from three to twelves. In the case of an index for performance evaluation, items have been derived from energy conservation(6-items), and environmental friendliness(7-items). Items developed as an index for evaluating rural living environments in this research might be good background information for remodeling project in rural housing development.

위한 5개의 기본방향(편리성, 즐거움, 건강성, 안정성, 지속가능성), 12개의 요구성능, 60개의 세부요구성능으로 이루어져 있으며, 평가는 정량적 평가방법과 정성적 평가방법으로 이루어진다. 정량적 평가방법은 물리적 환경을 객관적으로 평가할 수 있는 지표로 실제 주거환경을 객관적으로 평가하여 정량화할 수 있기 때문에 명확하게 비교할 수 있다. 이에 선행연구에서 초고층 주거의 초기 디자인과정과 유지관리과정에서 거주자들의 쾌적성(거주성)을 평가하기위한 LQI 알고리즘과 프로그램을 개발하였으나 세부지표별 정량적 평가가 한정적이고, 정성적 평가의 기준이 부재하여, 본 연구에서는 LQI 세부지표별 기준을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. LQI 세부지표를 바탕으로 각 항목에 적절한 평가방법을 제시하기위해 현재 시행되고 있는 인증제도 및 법규와 선행연구의 평가방법을 검토하였고, 그 중 초고층 주거공간의 거주성을 정량적으로 평가할 수 있는 평가방법을 적용하였다. 또한, 정성적 평가방법은 정량적으로 평가할 수는 없으나, 해제를 작성하여 해당지표의 법적기준 및 고려사항을 제시하였다.

The purpose of this study is derived by Utilization Strategy for Rural empty houses stability of Return to the Farm and Rural. The main findings can be summarized as follows. First, the recent return to the farm and rural has increased, and life patterns of diversification, and the retirement of the baby boomer generation return to the farm and rural ratio differed by region. Second, the required first order accurate and detailed to maximize the utilization of the rural empty houses Survey, and the integrated management system based on it should be built. Third, the public lead in pushing for policy to take advantage of an empty house, leasing and management capabilities by strengthening return to the farm and rural characters, revitalizing rural and residential stabilization is necessary. Finally, in order to enhance the utilization of the rural empty houses should prepare return to the farm and rural, Multi-Habitation and a common space for existing residents for a variety of purposes. The results of these studies has a significance that can promote rural housing return to the farm and rural, resource utilization and stable settlement, and rural areas activated at the same time. Utilization of specific rural empty houses feasible policy being prepared, by linking rural areas that can bring effects on the activation of alternative hope.

Früher war die Gestalt der Wohnung üblicherweise ein Einzelhaus. Dagegen wechselt sie heute im Allgemeinen nach das Hochhaus-Wohnung, z.B. die Apartment-Wohnung. Danach kommt die Frage, ob die gemeinsamen Raümen dieser Hochhaus-Wohnung durch dem Hausfriedensbruch(KStGB §319) geschützt werden dürfen. Diese gemeinsamen Räumen können wieder in zwei, also die innere und die außere Räume einteilen. Unter die innere versteht man den Duchgang, die Treppe, den Aufzug usw. Dagegen kann man unter die außere die Parkplätze, den Spilplatz usw. verstenen. Tatsächlich wird es heute immer größer, dass die inneren gemeinsamen Räumen mit dem automatischen Sicherheitsglastür unterbrochen werden. Dies erscheint uns, dass mehrere Berechtigte nicht wünschen, Unbekannte ohne ihres Einverständnis in ihren gemeinsamen Räumen einzutreten. Denn wir können vermuten, dass diese Räumen ganz nah bei ihrem inneren privaten Wohnungsraum sind, obwohl viele Leute in denen viel oft ein u. aus gehen. Deswegen glaube ich, dass der Wille des Berechtigeten, also das Hausrecht durch das Strafrecht ebenso geschützt werden soll wie ihre innere private Räumen ihrer Wohnung.

In rural areas, in spite of the development projects of town and houses has been performed after the New Community Movement, due to rapid industrialization and urbanization, which lasted until the 2000s from the 1980s, out-migration to the cities, changes in the industrial structure, rapid aging was carried. As a result, the gap of housing environment between urban and rural areas became more serious. The meantime, the housing problem is recognized only to the problems of the big cities, mostly urban public housing policy oriented. However, when you check the indicator of the housing environment, such as the percentage of aging housing, rural environment has become a relatively poor compared to the city. In addition, due to a decrease in income and aging of the population living in rural areas of existing infrastructure to improve the living environment is weakened. And inside of the rural areas, changes in the housing environment and polarization phenomenon is becoming increasingly serious. Therefore, in this study, there is a purpose to be presented the improvement direction for efficient implementation of house remodeling support program for underprivileged group in rural areas and requires immediate attention improvement of housing environment. Previously, House remodeling support project in rural areas was carried out at the initiative of local governments and government mainly. For this reason, it is difficult due to limited institutional, to reflect the necessary parts directly to the real life of the residents. And, the demand for improvement of housing environment need modifications to solve the inconvenience of life of residents directly in many cases. It is considered that community-based house remodeling support project is to be carried out through the participation of local residents.

This study investigated the elements of soundscape in and around the traditional Korean style housing complex and the standardized Korean style housing complex popularized as farm village by Traditional Korean style housing assistance policy located in the rural area of Jeollanam-do. The purpose of this study is to understand the phenomenon and characteristic differences of the sound environments in various observation points in order to utilize them as the important elements of sound scape to consider for standardized Korean style housing complex development in the future. As a result, the traditional housing in rural area led more positive evaluation of nature sounds than standardized, newly developed Korean style housing complex. In the list of noises in each residential development type, traffic sounds and construction noise were majorly ranked. However, nature sounds had high rate of response in the sounds of introduction request. Additionally, the sounds generated by human activities such as whispering and footsteps were also in the wish list. This may suggests that soundscape design needs to approach in cultural level of a society rather than simple investigation and treatment of individual sounds of natural and artificial.

This paper analyzed the CO2 emission of existing buildings with reconstruction and reusing in the declined residential area of Jeonju old town. The average CO2 emission to square meter of residential buildings in Jeonju is 1.7tCO2/m2.

This paper analyzed the CO2 emission of existing buildings on the operation phase in the declined residential area of Jeonju old town. The average CO2 emission to square meter of residential buildings in jeonju was calculated.

해양에너지를 비롯한 신재생에너지를 이용한 분산형 발전시스템 설계의 기초자료로 활용하기 위해 본 연구에서는 도서 주민의 전력소비량을 실측 분석하고 시기별 전력소비 패턴을 개발하였다. 실측조사는 남해안에 위치한 곤리도의 5가구를 대상으로 2010년 10월부터 2012년 2월까지 수행되었다. 월평균 전력소비량은 가구에 따라 12월 혹은 1월에 최대값이 발생하였다. 가구별 월간 전력소비량은 H가구가 J가구보다 2~3배 많았지만 가구별 1인당 월평균 전력소비량은 J가구가 H가구보다 10~30% 가량 많은 것으로 조사되었다. 시각별 전력소비 패턴을 개발한 결과 여름철에는 20시에서 자정 사이에 최대 전력소비가 발생하고, 겨울철은 여름철에 비하여 하루 동안의 전력소비 변화는 완만하지만 18시 이후 자정까지의 시간대에 전력소비가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 가구별 주중과 주말의 전력소비 패턴은 매우 유사한 것으로 나타났다.

To establish a reasonable resource circulation oriented society of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), more exact and detailed information for MSW generation characteristics should be obtained. Although a municipality has generally various MSW discharge sources, a simplified generation characteristics is uniformly applied in all cases for establishing an integrated waste management system regardless of living style such as single detached house or apartment and living area such as urban or rural area. The annual average generation rate of municipal solid wastes in Changwon is approximately 0.345 kg/ c·d. As the results of density analysis, the average density of urban or rural area 0.210 ~ 0.216 kg/L. The weight percent of combustible matters is on average 98.9% and food waste was major source of solid waste as 58.5%. Calorific value range from 1,620 kcal/kg to 1,680 kcal/kg at detached house and 2,780 kcal/kg to 2,980 kcal/kg at apartment. Apartment residence has higher the calorific value than detached house. In this study Changwon city was selected as a model municipality which has urban and rural area. MSW generation rate and its physicochemical properties were experimentally estimated, and then the MSW discharge characteristics of residents were also surveyed by questionnaire. Data were classified into generation source and region to identify their differences in MSW generation characteristics.

This study aims to present the policy issues and direction of sub-urban residential complex by analyzing the settlement environment and life satisfaction. For the purpose, 10 sub-urban residential complexes in Chungnam Province were surveyed for general situation, physical environment, social environment, economic environment. The results are as follows; 1) The satisfaction in the physical environment is more higher in case of the complex created by the public organization. 2) The physical environment is an important factor in the determinant of the settlement, while the economic environment have a relatively lower impact. 3) The residents community is the more active, the satisfaction in the social environment is the more improved. 4) The source of income or the activity of consumption doesn't have an effect on the satisfaction in the economic environment. On the basis of this study, three programs for improvement of sub-urban residential complex policy were suggested. First, the various information and counseling service should be provided to attract city dwellers. Second, the policy on the development of sub-urban residential complex has to consider residential preference factors and improve the quality of life. Third, to increase the life satisfaction, the residents community should be activated and especially the activation of community with residents in other village is very important.

워터 프런트에 있어서의 집합주택은 전면에 퍼지는 수역의 경관을 얻을 수 있어 사람들의 생활에 윤택이나 안락함 등을 가져다 준다. 그러나 시가지와는 다른 워터프런트만의 환경적 이점을 살릴 계획 수법이 확립되어 있다고는 말하기 어려운 것이 현상이다. 본 연구에서는 일본의 워터프런트(니시노미야하마와 비와코) 거주자를 대상으로 앙케이트 조사를 실시하여 친수 활동, 거주 환경 의식과 거주 선택 이유 등에 대해 비교 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 향후의 워터 프런트에 입지하는 집합주택 거주자들의 거주환경에 대한 의식과 거주선택이유의 상이점을 알 수 있었다. 또 각각의 워터프런트지역에서 염해나 해충에 대한 대책 등 지역환경 특성에 맞는 문제점을 경감 대책의 필요성과 수변에의 전망을 확보를 희망하고 있으며 "방의 넓이" "통풍" "전망 채광" "프라이버시의 확보"등 워터프런트에 입지하는 집합주택의 계획수립 시에 상기한 거주환경의 조성이 거주자들의 주거의식에 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

The federal government has been implemented several housing policies attempting to improve living quality at Eup-Myun area(rural area), but those were mostly fund supports to reconstruct or repair houses. Existing minimum housing standard is focused on urban apartments and indoor space, but the houses of Eup-Myun area are scattered and are different from urban's house space. Therefore, this study focused on these area, and intended to propose suitable minimum housing standard for Eup-Myun area. Based on literature reviews about housing standard of England, U.S., Japan and South Korea, questionnaire survey was given to 50 experts divided into 2 groups, professors of architecture and researchers on rural environment. This study proposed the direction of new minimum housing standard of Eup-Myun area, it could be added to 2 household composition, be divided into 2 groups, agricultural and non-agricultural residents into facility guideline, be added to outdoor facilities, for example warehouse and open yard, and finally be inserted water quality into environment standard. The results of this study provide insightful strategies for rural housing standard.

This research selected The Old Rectory, Sissinghurst and East Lambrook Manor as a case study location that is meaningful to discuss potager garden, herb garden and harvest garden, which is a topic of productive garden. This research focuses on the growth potential of Korea's rural house into a garden that embellishes decoration and appreciation. The application method through the interpretation of the case study location will be, first, organizing the shape of the flower bed and then adding additional materials along with the main materials. Second, it can increase the appreciation of productive garden through layering method and making it abundant. Third, it can be utilized well by pursuing artistic feature by combing unique color and texture of edible plants. Lastly, for the weakness of flat structure by short edible plants, vertical structure shall be utilized to provide decoration and frame. Also, by using natural materials, the ambiance of the garden can be presented.