본 연구는 다문화가족 지원을 목적으로 하는 대표적 다문화기관인 다문화가족지원센터에 근무하는 인력의 다문화 역량 및 서비스 질의 관계를 탐색하고 전문성 증진을 위한 교육훈련방안 등에 관한 함의를 고찰하기 위함이다. 현재 정부의 다문화정책은 다문화가족에 대한 사회적 지원을 중심으로 하는 사회통합정책으로 평가되고 있다. 이에 지역사회에서 다문화가족의 사회적응 지원에 중요한 역할을 수행하고 있는 서울·경기지역 다문화가족지원센터에 근무하는 인력 157명을 대상으로 서비스 질과 다문화 역량 변인들의 관계를 실증 조사하였다. 연구 결과, 다문화가족지원센터의 인력은 전문자격증 소지자들로 다문화가족의 사회적응 교육 및 종합적인 지원 업무를 수행하고 있으며 서비스 질과 다문화 역량이 높은 편이다. 특히 다문화 역량의 특성은 일반적 변인, 전문인력 변인, 교육 변인에 따라 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타났고, 서비스 질은 학력, 자격증, 다문화 교육 시간 등에 따라 유의미한 정적 관계가 나타났다. 그리고 다문화가족지원센터 인력의 교육과 근무기간 등의 특성과 다문화 역량 요인인 지식과 기술이 서비스 질에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있음이 나타났다. 이에 다문화가족지원센터 종사자의 다문화 역량 증진과 서비스 질 강화를 위한 교육훈련, 인력양성체계 등 전문성 제고 방안을 제언하였다.

Korean population has been rapidly aging. Most of people regard the aging population as future crisis due to the rate of change and agree to prepare for a soft-landing on aging society in South Korea. Particularly, the aging population growth in rural areas is much faster than urban areas. Also rural areas relatively have poorer social and economic conditions so the countermeasures for population aging considering related social and economic indices are required. Moreover, each rural region has the different preparedness level for rural aging based on regional socio-economic characteristics. In this study, we analyzed correlations of the rural aging rate and local characteristics and developed an evaluation index to show the regional preparedness status for rural aging. To test the applicability of developed indicators, we applied them to 161 rural regions and assessed regional preparedness level for rural aging. This study would provide basic data for establishing policies for rural aging.

Recently, brick walls are being widely introduced in rural areas. Walls are a very important design element of space. However, most brick wall works do not consider the human psychological characteristics. The purpose of this study was to investigate psychological characteristics on brick wall bonds such as the stack bond, running bond, english bond, flemish bond, america bond. The results of the research can be summarized as follows: 1)There is no statistical difference of psychological evaluation results among student groups using the semantic differential scale method using 10 adjectives. 2)Stack bonds have an uninspiring, artificial, simple, restful, boring and ordered psychological characteristic. Running bonds have an uninspiring, restful and ordered psychological characteristic. America bonds have a unique and modernistic psychological characteristic. English bonds have a unique, modernistic, complex and chaotic psychological characteristic. Flemish bonds have no critical psychological characteristics. 3)The running bond earned the highest score in preference, while the stack bond scored the lowest. Employment of brick wall bonds on this study was not highly preferred, hence it is necessary to develop a new brick wall bond design. 4)In conclusion, the proper selection of brick wall bonds is very important and we should consider human psychological characteristics in the design of rural areas.

The purpose of this study is to approach for the flow analysis of changing central-place functions and basic demands between the central city and the small town. Under the rural society progressed, this study examines how the small town changes in the relation to the central city. The subject of study is based on changes in demand for retail and hospitality. The small town is providing basic demands and urban services primary for the rural in the settlement system. Because of the rural depopulation and the aging of society, Retail and hospitality in the rural is reducing of the facility followed. But the majority of related researches are stocks approach. These studies are useful to find out the characteristic of small town, but is difficult to consider the influence of the central city. In this situation after this study using the function index is set up a concept model, it examines for the basis of changes in demand for the small town. The result of the analysis is that the changes of retail and hospitality are more severe in the more small town than in the central city. Whereas the small town with a population decline is consistent with the reduced number of branches, Population growth in the central city is reduced to the number of the Number of branches. The central-place function has been strengthened in the central city. While the younger generation, recreation, etc. related retail are disappearing rapidly, the mainstream of small town is grocery, home improvement, restaurants.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the community center users' the determinants of utilization & satisfaction for the exploit and to draw out the implication as to what are the influencing factors. The ordered logit model approach was used to examine the determinants. For the use of community center, we surveyed by mail subjecting on rural residents for one month, June 2012, analyzed 625 valid questionnaires. The findings are as follows. First, 'Facility-Satisfaction', 'Education', 'Exploit-Frequency' and 'Age' are the most important factors which affect users' satisfaction. Second, 'A meeting hall function', 'Cultural & Educational function', 'Social & Organizational function', and 'functional criticality function' influence the attributes of users' utilization. Therefore, it is needed to establish the various functions of community center and to prepare the vitalization plan in futuristic viewpoint reflecting the change of rural area. In addition, since there is no clear entity to supervise community center administratively, policy support system to community center should be equipped. Along with these, it is needed to develop managing and operation model for customized community center.

This study postulates a partial mediation model(study model I) and a whole mediation model(study model II) to examine the effect on endogenous rural development of local innovation capability strengthening in the local industry promotion project, the establishment of promotion system, and the revitalization of local economy. To accomplish study purposes, 169 response samples from 85 project groups which drive the local industry promotion project were verified using SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 5.0. The results showed that in the partial mediation model, the local innovation capability strengthening had a significantly positive effect on the establishment of promotion system, the establishment of promotion system had a significant effect on the revitalization of local economy, and the revitalization of local economy had a significant effect on the endogenous rural development, while the establishment of promotion system and local innovation capability strengthening didn't have effect on the endogenous rural development. In the whole mediation model, the local innovation capability strengthening had a significant effect on the revitalization of local economy, the establishment of promotion system on the revitalization of local economy, and the revitalization of local economy on the endogenous rural development. According to the verifications of study model I and II, the endogenous rural development is achieved after the revitalization of local economy through the establishment of promotion system and the local innovation capability strengthening. From these results, this study presents suggestions, limits of study and directions in the future study.

This study was carried out to evaluate the physicochemical properties of topsoil from forest development area. The results of physicochemical properties of topsoil from forest development area shown on the average loamy sand~sandy clay loam in soil texture, 5.3~7.1 in pH, 0.02~0.18 dS/m in EC, 0.7~1.8% in OM, 0.03~0.11% in T-N, 11~15 cmol+/kg in CEC, 0.02~0.04 cmol+/kg in K+, 4.51~8.18 cmol+/kg in Ca2+, 0.93~2.77 cmol+/kg in Mg2+, 6~49 mg/kg in available phosphate. And the results of physicochemical properties of topsoil from forest non-development area shown on the average sandy loam~sandy clay loam in soil texture, 4.4~5.3 in pH, 0.03~0.05 dS/m in EC, 3.1~4.6% in OM, 0.13~0.23% in T-N, 14~18 cmol+/kg in CEC, 0.02~0.04 cmol+/kg in K+, 0.78~3.82 cmol+/kg in Ca2+, 0.29~1.31 cmol+/kg in Mg2+, 3~31 mg/kg in Av. P2O5. On the other hand, forest development area of topsoil sand content higher than 8~18% sand content than the forest non-development area. This trend is thought to be the absence of topsoil management development projects. Consequently, the results suggested a high potential of recycling of the topsoil from forest non-development area for planting soil. Therefore, in construction of the conservation and management of topsoil from forest non-development area is very important.

This study presented the phytoplankton communities of the three lakes (Sayeon, Daeam, Hoeya ) using for drinking water in the Ulsan reservoir. The water storage of the Lake Sayeon, Daeam and Hoeya were 25 , 13, 21 million ton respectively and most of which were being utilized for industrial and residential purposes. The total precipitation of the Ulsan region in 2010 was 1,162 ㎜, decreasing 10 % from 1,275 ㎜ of the annual. As for pollutant loads, BOD and TN discharge loads of Daeam was the highest with 3,277 ㎏/day, 1,931 ㎏/day and 90 % of them were came from non-point pollutant sources. TP discharge loads showed the highest in the lake Hoeya with 643 ㎏/day and 97 % of them were came from point sources as household, industry and livestock. We assessed water quality of the lake Sayeon, Daeam and Hoeya using 17 variables. The water quality assessment found that the lake Daeam met the fourth to fifth grade because of high concentration of COD, SS and chlorophyll-a. Eutrophication assessment was conducted by revised Carlson's Index (TSIm, Aizaki) and found that Lake Daeam was more eutrophicated than the other two lakes all the year through as for chlorophyll-a, transparency and the total phosphorus (TP). A total of 95~111 phytoplankton species were identified from the three lake samples. Among them, the largest number of species were Chlorophyceae with 35~51, followed by Bacillariophyceae with 36~45, Cyanophyceae with 9~11, and Cryptophyceae with 6~9 species. The total cell number of phytoplankton was the highest in February (15,254 cells/ mL) with Bacillariophyceae in the lake Daeam and the seasonal succession shows that Bacillariophyceae (Stephanodiscus spp.) in the spring, Cyanophyceae (Anabaena spp.) in the summer and the autumn, Bacillariophyceae (Stephanodiscus spp.) in the winter.

본 연구에서는 하천 범람에 따른 도시지역 내 홍수흐름의 특성을 수치적으로 모의하고 이에 대한 결과를 분석하였다. 적용된 수치모형은 well-balanced HLLC 기법에 근간을 둔 2차원 유한체적모형이다. 대상영역은 경상남도 거제시에 위치한 고현천 주변의 도시지역으로 2003년 9월에 발생한 태풍 “매미” 기간 동안 집중호우로 인해 하천이 범람되어 피해가 발생되었다. 본 연구에서는 도시지역 내 범람에 대한 홍수흔적 자료를 이용하여 수치모형을 검증하였으며, 향후 발생 가능한 집중호우의 강도의 증가 또는 감소에 의한 유입량의 변화에 따른 도시지역 내에서의 홍수흐름의 특성에 대한 모의 및 분석을 수행하였다.

This paper describes hierarchical semantic map building using the classified area information in home environments. The hierarchical semantic map consists of a grid, CAIG (Classified Area Information in Grid), and topological map. The grid and CAIG maps are used for navigation and motion selection, respectively. The topological map provides the intuitive information on the environment, which can be used for the communication between robots and users. The proposed semantic map building algorithm can greatly improve the capabilities of a mobile robot in various domains, including localization, path-planning and HRI (Human-Robot Interaction). In the home environment, a door can be used to divide an area into various sections, such as a room, a kitchen, and so on. Therefore, we used not only the grid map of the home environment, but also the door information as a main clue to classify the area and to build the hierarchical semantic map. The proposed method was verified through various experiments and it was found that the algorithm guarantees autonomous map building in the home environment.

This paper analyzed the CO2 emission of existing buildings with reconstruction and reusing in the declined residential area of Jeonju old town. The average CO2 emission to square meter of residential buildings in Jeonju is 1.7tCO2/m2.

This paper analyzed the CO2 emission of existing buildings with reconstruction and reusing in declined commercial area of Jeonju old town. The average CO2 emission to square meter of commercial buildings in Junju is 1.4tCO2/m2.

This paper analyzed the CO2 emission of existing buildings on the operation phase in the declined residential area of Jeonju old town. The average CO2 emission to square meter of residential buildings in jeonju was calculated.

겨울철 작물재배를 위해서 비닐하우스 보온을 위한 수막시설의 이용이 늘어나고 있어 과다한 지하수 이용에 따른 수위 강하 및 하천수 감소를 유발하고 있다. 따라서 수막시설재배 지역에서의 지하수 양수가 지하수 대수층과 연결된 하천에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 정량적으로 평가해야 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 경기도 이천시 신둔면 수하리 일대 수막시설재배지역에 지하수위와 온도를 계측하기 위한 지하수 관측공을 제내지와 제외지에 설치하고 관측 결과를 분석하여 지하수 양수에 따른 하천-지하수 상호 유동계의 변화를 평가하였다. 연구대상지역은 수위와 수온 관측 결과, 수막시설재배 기간 동안 지하수 양수의 영향으로 하천수가 지하수계로 유입되는 손실하천의 양상을 나타내었다. 하천바닥층에 대해 침윤계 실험을 통해서 유도한 수두차와 침윤량간의 관계에 자동관측된 수위자료를 대입하여 하천과 지하수계 상호간 유동량의 연속적인 변화를 산정한 결과 수막시설재배가 한창인 2월말에는 지하수 이용량의 약 16% 만큼의 하천수가 감소하는 것으로 분석되었다.

본 연구는 충남 도서지역의 민속식물을 파악하기 위하여 2011년 3월부터 10월까지 수행되었다. 4개 시 군 지역에 속하는 17개 도서지역에서 주민 50여명을 대상으로 작성된 조사야장 905매의 설문조사를 분석한 결과, 충남 도서지역에서 파악되고 수집된 민속식물은 84과 219속 246종 3아종 22변종 3품종의 총 274분류군이었다. 조사야장에 따른 274분류군에 대한 용도별 이용현황은 식용 169분류군, 약용 134분류군, 관상용 67분류군, 향신료 17분류군, 향료 7분류군, 연료 7분류군, 유지 6분류군, 염료 5분류군, 밀원 4분류군, 섬유 3분류군, 수지 1분류군, 기타 26분류군으로, 식용으로의 이용 빈도가 가장 높았다. 연령별 표준식물명과 지방명의 일치도는 50대가 가장 높았으며, 60대가 가장 낮았다.

본 연구는 경기남부 내륙지역에서 이용되고 있는 민속식물 이용정보를 파악하기 위해 2009년 10월부터 2010년 12월까지 수행되었다. 9개 시 군지역의 35개소에서 주민 90명을 대상으로 수집한 조사야장 1,229장의 설문을 분석한 결과, 경기남부 내륙지역에서 파악된 민속식물은 82과 200속 221종 4아종 32변종 2품종 총 259분류군으로 정리되었다. 용도별 이용은 식용 214종류, 약용 119종류, 관상용 34종류, 목재 18종류, 염료 12종류, 유지 5종류, 향신료 3종류, 섬유 2종류, 향료 2종류, 기타 22종류로서 식용과 약용으로의 이용 빈도가 가장 높았으며, 이용부위로는 잎, 열매, 줄기, 뿌리, 꽃의 순으로 나타났다. 민속식물에 대한 이용정보는 대부분 구전으로 습득하였으며, 표준식물명과 지방명의 일치성 여부를 분석한 결과, 50대에서 가장 높았으며, 80대에서 가장 낮았다.

The impact of a considerable increase in traffic volume on the emission and concentrations of air pollutants was investigated at three beaches (Haeundae (HB), Gwanganri (GB), and Songjeong (SB)) in Busan during beach opening period (BOP) in 2011. During the BOP, passenger car was the major vehicle type, followed by taxi, and van. CO was the major contributor of total air pollutant emissions followed by NOx, VOC, and PM10. For the temporal variation of the emission of air pollutants during the BOP, it was generally the highest in the afternoon followed by the evening and morning, except for SB. For the spatial variation of their emission, it was the highest at GB followed by SB and HB. The emissions of air pollutants during the BOP were generally higher than those during the Non-BOP, except for HB. In contrast, the significant impact of the traffic volume increase on the concentrations of air pollutants at monitoring sites near the three beaches during the BOP were not found compared to the Non-BOP due to the significant distances between monitoring sites of air pollutants and monitoring sites of traffic volume at the beaches.

Ozone is the secondary photochemical pollutant formed from ozone precursor such as nitrogen dioxide and non-methane volatile organic compounds(VOCs). The ambient concentration of ozone depends on several factors: sunshine intensity, atmospheric convection, the height of the thermal inversion layer, concentrations of nitrogen oxides and VOCs. Busan is located in the southeast coastal area of Korea so the ozone concentration of Busan is mainly affected from the meteorological variables related to the sea such as sea breeze. In this study the ozone concentrations of Busan in 2008~2010 were used to analyse the cause of the regional ozone difference in eastern area of Busan. The average ozone concentration of Youngsuri was highest in Busan however the average ozone concentration of Gijang was equal to the average ozone concentration of Busan in 2008~2010. The two sites are located in eastern area of Busan but the distance of two sites is only 9km. To find the reason for the difference of ozone concentration between Youngsuri and Gijang, the meteorological variables in two sites were analyzed. For the analysis of meteorological variables the atmospheric numerical model WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting) was used at the day of the maximum and minimum difference in the ozone concentration at the two sites. As a result of analysis, when the boundary layer height was lower and the sea breeze was weaker in Youngsuri, the ozone concentration of Youngsuri was high. Furthermore when the sea breeze blew from the south in the eastern area of Busan, the sea breeze at Youngsuri turned into the southeast and the intensity of sea breeze was weaker because of the mountain in the southern region of Youngsuri. In that case, the difference of ozone concentration between Youngsuri and Gijang was considerable.

가뭄은 자연의 무시할 수 없는 재해이며, 비록 가뭄의 정의가 많이 있지만 가뭄은 장기간의 강우의 부족으로부터 기인한다. 기상학적 가뭄심도의 정도를 표현하기 위해 널리 이용되는 표준강수지수(Standardized Precipitation Index, SPI)는 강수 이외의 기온과 관련된 변수를 고려하지 않기 때문에 기후변동으로 인한 강수, 증발산 등의 물수지 변화를 고려할 수 없다는 한계점이 있다. 그러나 최근에 SPI와 유사하지만 기후변동으로 인한 강수 변화뿐만 아니라 기온의 변동성이 미치는 영향을 반영할 수 있는 새로운 개념의 가뭄지수인 표준강수 증발산지수(Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, SPEI)가 개발되었다. 본 연구에서는 기상청 산하의 60개 기상관측소의 1973～2011년까지 기상자료를 대상으로 SPEI를 적용하여 남한지역의 가뭄발생의 변화를 평가하였다. 적용 결과, 전국적으로 SPI와 SPEI 모두 봄과 겨울에 가뭄이 심화되고 여름철에는 가뭄이 완화되는 경향을 보였으며, SPEI는 SPI보다 가뭄심도를 크게 나타내었다. 또한, 지속기간 12개월의 SPI와 SPEI는 전반적으로 6년 내외의 저빈도 주기성을 갖는 극심한 가뭄이 반복되고 있음을 보였다.