The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of land-use and population change in rural area by new expressway. Chungbu expressway constructed in 1987, going through the south area of Kyunggi province from Seoul, was selected as a case expressway, and also 2 cities and 18 subdivisions of county in its surrounding area, as a case study area. To analyze the change characteristics before and after the construction, land-use maps of 1986 and 1996 were collected, including the census data for the years in cities and counties yearbooks. Remote sensing technology was applied to classify the land-use maps with six types of land use. Geographic information system was also used for spatial analysis, such as the land-use and accessibility changes. A 5 km buffer zone from interchange of the expressway showed about two times increase of urbanized built-up area than a 5 km buffer zone from the expressway. Accessibility from Seoul and cities was improved in most areas, which is accessing to Seoul through existing Youngdong expressway. Ten rural areas showed increased population with accessibility of average 52 minutes to Seoul and 19 minutes to cities, while eight areas showed decreased population with average 73 minutes to Seoul and 35 minutes to cities. This shows that the threshold value, which is time distance to Seoul and cities for population increase or decrease, one and half hours, respectively. Urbanized area was increased in most areas, even in population decrease areas, so this indicates that there are thinning rural areas, increasing urbanized area while decreasing population.

This study was carried out to find out the time-dependent change of central functions in the depopulated rural areas. Three county areas were selected for the case study ; Haenam(as a remote flat area), Goksung(as an intermediate mountainous area), and Hwasun(as a peri-urban area). For each district area administered by each county, service facilities stock was surveyed at both the present('02) and the past('89 or '94)time, and its functional index checked. From the study results, table-tennis rooms, oil shops and inns were ascertained to be disappeared now in the absolute or real terms, while beer halls, restaurants and bakeries to be sharply increased. Generally, in spite of the substantial depopulation in the past decade, service facilities stock has been increased in and concentrated to the highest order center of rural area (county office seated district). However, where this center leans to the outer side of its county area and to the opposite direction against the regional center, the dependent level of service function on the highest center have decreased.

The objectives of this study are to develop an agricultural drought evaluation model based on administrative boundaries and to assist the effective drought-related decision-making of local governments. The model which was named ADEM(Administrative Drought Evaluation Model for Paddies) is designed to simulate daily water balance between available water quantities from various agricultural water facilities such as reservoirs, wells, pump stations, etc. and water requirements in paddies. And in order to numerically describe the agricultural drought severity, two indices were defined; One is ADFP(Agricultural Drought Frequency for Paddies) which is calculated with a frequency analysis of monthly water deficit, and the other is ADIP(Agricultural Drought Index for Paddies) with a scale of -4.2~+4.2. The developed model was applied to Yeoju district and showed good correspondence with the historical records of drought.

This study was conducted to provide the basic information to know reasonable method for the removal and treatment of municipal solid wastes(MSWs). MSWs four different sources(apartment, residence, commerce, office/industry) in Daegu city were collected, and bulk density, physical composition, moisture, combustible, ash, elements and heating values were investigated. The values of bulk density were at range of 0.30～0.41ton/m3. The percentages of foods, papers, vinyls/plastics, textiles, rubbers/leathers, metals and glasses/ceramics of wet muncipal solid wastes from three sources except office/industry were at range of 27.3～46.4%, 21.2～38.4%, 10.3～11.9%, 3.8～5.2%, 0.5～1.7%, 6.9～8.7% and 1.9～2.6% respectively. The percentages of papers, foods, vinyls/plastics, textiles, rubbers/leathers, metals and glasses/ceramics of dry muncipal solid wastes from three sources except office/industry were at range of 21.1～40.4%, 14.2～30.1%, 15.2～17.8%, 4.0～6.0%, 0.9～2.8%, 12.2～14.1% and 3.1～3.7% respectively. The moisture contents of foods, woods, textiles and papers in wastes were at range of 65.7～76.2%, 34.6～50.0%, 22.2～44.8 and 30.6～44.4% respectively. The carbon contents of vinyls/plastics, rubbers/leathers, textiles, woods, papers and foods in wastes were at range of 75.88～79.87%, 58.24～70.74%, 45.23～51.63%, 42.29～45.58%, 40.19～48.4% and 25.86～36.25% respectively. The low heating values of foods, papers, woods, textiles, rubbers/leathers and vinyls/plastics by Dulong's law were at range of 178～1,353kcal/kg, 770～1,660kcal/kg, 995～1,629kcal/kg, 2,133～2,432kcal/kg, 4,200～7,275 kcal/kg and 6,384～8,722kcal/kg respectively, and the high heating values of them were at range of 782～2,056 kcal/kg, 2,459～3,314kcal/kg, 3,056～3,592kcal/kg, 4,381～5,087kcal/kg, 5,005～8,066kcal/kg and 10,032～10,739 kcal/kg respectively.

영남지역에서 재배되고 있는 우엉 (Arctium lappa) 재래종 18계통을 수집하여 기초적인 자료를 얻고자 본 시험을 수행하였다. 종자의 천립중은 2.2∼4.6g, 충실률은 26.7∼91.7%로 계통간 차이가 심하였다. 온도에 따른 발아율은 25℃에서 가장 높았으며 수집 계통간 저온 발아율은 최고 42.2%(문경)였고 최저 0.3%(유천)였다. '유천' 및 '칠곡Ⅱ' 가 당년에 10%이상 추대되었고 나머지는 추대율이 미미하거나 추대가 되지 않았다. 근장은 62∼77㎝정도였으며 지근수는 최고 5.5개(고령)에서 최저0.3개(성주)로 계통간 차이가 심하였다. 뿌리에서 Tannin함량 및 잎에서의 쓴맛 정도도 계통간 차이가 심하였는데 Tannin 함량은 '청도 I ' 이 14.2㎎/100g으로 가장 많았고 쓴맛은 '경산' , '고령' , '경주', '구미' 및 '함안' 계통들이 전혀나지 않았다.

As a pre-step research to make land-use planning in the region level, this study aims to analyze some probability pattern representing transition probabilities from farmland to others using the sequential detailed digital land-use maps. Kinki and Chubu regions of Japan, which have Osaka and Nagoya cities as their center places respectively, were selected as test regions in this study. The 10m grid land-use maps for four time series at every 5 year from 1977 to 1992 were used. In this study, the regions were divided into three sub-areas 10km, 20km, and 30km according to distance from center cities, respectively. The correlation coefficient (CC) between sub-areas with same distance in the two regions was calculated to analyze whether or not the two regions have common points in the pattern of land-use conversion probability from farmland to other types. The probability distribution of the converted areas which were moved to the urbanized area (residential, commercial, industrial, road, park and public facility areas) was about 40~70% for both all periods and sub-areas. According to distance from city centers, the probability moved to the urbanized area was about 60% at 10km area, and 40% at the 30km area, which means that the values we decreased gradually, while in the case moved to the forest and the etc areas, the values were increased slightly. The CC analysis from the paddy field and the dry field to the others separately showed that there is high correlation in the probability pattern between the two regions.

The purpose of this research was to develop evaluation index of regional development for producing potential values of rural regions besides agriculture on a commercial scale. Rural regions have potential values such as preserved nature and spatial advantages and so on. For regional development, potential values should be synthetically evaluated by objective and standard index for supporting decision. For evaluation of plural functions of rural regions, evaluation index of rural regions was developed based on rural amenity. Applicability of evaluation index was studied using GIS and natural break method.

The purpose of this study was to develop the program of traditional living culture for people to sustain viable rural community in Korea. The study was conducted by literature review, survey, interview, and delphi method. The results of this study were as follows; First, the program was developed to response to educational roles and functions. Second, the program was developed to utilize elder people for viable community as programs practitioners. Third, the factors of traditional cultural program for endogenous development were human resources, community organization and community participation, and natural and cultural resources. Forth, the program was developed to view the community resources as a systems because the culture was communicated through relationship rather than heritage. The re-valorization of cultural resources by the programs will provide local people with strategic capacity for endogenous development and for the harnessing of extra-focal forces in a market economy.

The purpose of this study is to examine farmers' intentions, attitudes, and the type of filming they are involved in, including to provide supporting data for planning the agricultural strategy and Green Belt policy in Seoul. All the collected data was analyzed using the contingency tables and the Chi-square test using the SAS computer statistical package. The leaseholders did not want to change the current Green Belt policy for the study area, while the landowning farmers hoped for either its revision or dissolution. Both groups pointed out that the Green Belt policy resulted in the delay of development and complained about the difficulty of changing the land use type. The older generation supported the dissolution of the Green Belt, policy, as compared with the younger generation who wanted to maintain or modify the policy. The leaseholders worried that the possible changes in the Green Belt policy might affect the current agricultural land contract system, whereas the landowning farmers were very interested in easing restrictions on changing land use. The compensation plan, which is indemnified land owners for their loss of restrictions on land use, might be useful to sustain urban farming in the Green Belt.

This study was conducted to determine the contents of heavy metals in leaves of roadside trees according to different growth stages in Daegu city. The orders of heavy metal contents in leaves of roadside tree and soil were Fe＞Mn＞Zn＞Pb＞Cu＞Cr＞Cd and Fe＞Mn＞Zn＞Cu＞Pb＞Cr＞Cd, respectively. The contents of heavy metals in leaves of roadside trees and soil showed an increasing tendency as the levels of traffic volume increased. The contents of heavy metals in leaves on October were higher than those on May. Zelkova serrata and Ginkgo biloba showed high contents of Cr, Cd and Pb.

This study was performed to research the characteristics of suspended particulate for Yellow Sand of January, 1999 in Busan. Yellow Sand frequency during 13 years(1988~2000) in Busan showed maximum in April(57%), next to March(21%), May(16%). According to result of 850hPa weather map and backward isentropic trajectory, this event originated from the Gobi Desert and the Loess Plateau of China. And three mode was found in time series of TSP and PM10 concentration, primary peak showed the maximum hourly concentration at all station. Gamjeondong as industrial site showed the highest TSP concentration and also had the longest high concentration(≥700㎍/m3). In PM10, concentration of primary peak showed maximum value at Yeonsandong, maximum concentration of secondary and third peak was Deokcheondong. Lasted time from primary peak to secondary peak was about 30 hours, between secondary peak and third peak was 18 hours in Busan, The traveling time between occurrence of Yellow Sand the finding of it was 8~9 hours in Busan and 4~5 hours in central area.

Urban atmospheric conditions are usually settled as warmer, drier and dirtier than those of rural counterpart owing to reduction of green space and water space area, heat retention in surfaces such as concrete and asphalt, and abundant fuel consumption. The characteristics of urban climate has become generally known as urban heat island. The purpose of this study is to investigate the temporal and spatial distribution of the heat emission from human activity, which is a main factor causing urban heat island. In this study, the anthropogenic heat fluxes emitted from vehicles and constructions are estimated by computational grid mesh which is divided by 1km×1km. The anthropogenic heat flux by grid mesh can be applied to a numerical simulation model of the local circulation model. The constructions are classified into 9 energy-consumption types - hospital, hotel, office, department store, commercial store, school, factory, detached house and flat. The vehicles classified into 4 energy-consumption types - car, taxi, truck and bus. The seasonal mean of anthropogenic heat flux around central Daegu exceeded 50W/m2 in winter. The annual mean anthropogenic heat flux exceeded 20W/m2. The values are nearly equivalent to the anthropogenic heat flux in the suburbs of Tokyo, Japan.