Large-area porous carbon is easily produced for supercapacitors from polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) precursors, composed of carbon backbone and attached heteroatoms. The released heteroatoms during pyrolysis leave the porous carbon. This study explored the activation of both precursors using chemical agents (ZnO, Mg(OH)2, and KOH) to develop carbon with multiple micropores and mesopores. The activation process and relevant precursors were studied to implement synthesized porous carbon as an electrode in supercapacitors. During the activation of PVDC-resin, ZnO served both as templates and activating agents, while Mg(OH)2 served only as a template, and KOH served as an activating agent. For activation of PVDF, ZnO acted as a template and activating agent, whereas Mg(OH)2 and KOH impeded activation owing to side reactions. Therefore, with the above chemical agents, PVDC-resin was converted to carbon with a higher surface area than PVDF. The porous carbon produced using PVDC-resin with KOH had the highest specific capacitance of 137 F g− 1 and rate performance of 79% at 50 mV s− 1 (vs. 5 mV s− 1) owing to the successful creation of micropores and mesopores. This study identifies optimal conditions for synthesizing porous carbon using polymer precursors and chemical agents for supercapacitors.

최근 기후변화 등으로 인한 꿀벌의 폐사가 증가하고 있으나 관련 데이터가 부족하여 이에 대한 연구가 어려움 을 겪고 있어 학습용 인공지능 데이터를 구축하여 양봉 산업 발전에 기여하고자 한다. 학습용 데이터로 생애주기 별 5단계(알, 애벌레, 번데기, 숫벌, 여왕벌), 종봉별 4가지(이탈리안, 카니올란, 한봉, 호박벌), 발생질병 1종(백묵 병) 총 10가지 클래스를 데이터 수집장소 6곳(장성, 포천, 칠곡, 완주, 의령, 장흥)에서 학습용 데이터를 274,206장 구축하였다. 수집된 데이터는 원시데이터, 원천데이터 가공, 라벨링 데이터 결합, 가공데이터 검수 등을 통해 만들어졌으며 관측지에서 온습도, CO, CH4, NH3 등 환경데이터를 200,000건 확보하여 데이터 라벨링을 수행하 였다. 데이터는 AI Hub(www.aihub.or.kr)에서 다운받을 수 있다. 확보된 데이터는 꿀벌의 생애 단계별, 종별, 건강 상태별 이미지 데이터로 구성되어 있어 양봉 관리 자동화, 꿀벌 질병 예측, 양봉 기술 개발 및 연구 등 다양한 분야에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

식용곤충은 미래식량 자원으로써 우수한 가치를 지니고 있어 해외에서는 사육자동화, IoT 및 AI 기술적용, 수직재배시스템 구축 등 많은 연구가 진행되고 있지만 국내에서는 대규모 사육농가나 곤충스마트팜 기술개발 이 부족하여 이를 위한 AI/빅데이터 인프라 구축이 시급한 실정이다. 학습용 인공지능 데이터는 식용곤충으로 활용되고 있는 장수풍뎅이, 흰점박이꽃무지, 갈색거저리, 백강잠, 메뚜기, 풀무치의 생애 주기별 총 6종의 RGB 사진데이터와 분광이미지 데이터 408,000장을 구축하였으며 온도, 습도, CO,, 암모니아, 조도, 수분 등 환경 데이 터 200,000세트를 수집하였다. 수집된 데이터는 원시데이터 수집, 원천데이터 가공, 라벨링 데이터 결합, 가공데 이터 검수 등을 통해 만들어졌으며 관련 데이터는 AI Hub(www.aihub.or.kr)에서 다운받을 수 있다. 확보된 식용곤 충 6종의 데이터는 곤충 종별 성장단계, 환경 변수에 따른 최적의 사육환경 조성, 생산시기 예측, 스마트대량사육 시스템 개발, 제품 가공시 추적이력제 도입, 식용곤충 스마트팜 기술 개발 및 연구 등 다양한 분야에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

최근 이상기후 및 기후변화로 인해 농작물 병해충 발생이 증가하고 발생양상 또한 다양해지고 있으며, 국제 무역 및 해외 여행객 증가로 인한 외래 병해충 유입 위험성이 높아지고 있는 추세이다. 특히 대표적인 비래해충 중의 하나인 벼멸구(Nilaparvata lugens Stål, 1854)의 발생 범위, 출현율 및 빈도수가 꾸준히 증가하여 피해를 호소 하는 농가들이 많아진 반면, 이들에 대한 대응책은 피해발생의 불규칙성, 이전 자료의 부족 및 불명확성으로 인해 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 대비해 벼멸구의 온도발육모형을 이용하여, 기상자료, NCPMS와 더불어 연발생 횟수와 분포 가능 범위 및 발생 시기를 예측하였다. 또한, 벼멸구의 발생량이 많았던 충남 예산, 경남 사천, 진주의 최초발생일, 최초비래일, 최고발생일, 발생최성일 기준으로 각각 발육영점온도 및 유효적산온도를 적용하여 세대별 발생시기를 예측하였다. 최초발생일과 최초비래일은 예산 7월 9일, 7월 16일, 사천 7월 2일, 7월 19일, 진주 7월 26일, 7월 26일로 나타났으며, 최초발생일과 최초비래일 사이를 초발생일 로 적용하면 다음세대 발생이 실제 조사한 지역별 최고발생일인 예산 9월 7일, 사천 8월 9일, 진주 8월 8일과 근접 한 시기로 추정되어 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

Social media influencers have become a powerful tool in marketing in the past decade; consumers who engage with the influencers are more likely to trust their recommendations. A VI is a very attractive marketing tool for brands and businesses. However, there is little empirical work about why and how consumers react to the anthropomorphism of virtual agents. Therefore, this study develops an understanding of how consumers interact with VI, emphasizing the perceived anthropomorphism's role. Consequently, we aim to investigate antecedents and outcomes of perceived anthropomorphism of the VI from online consumers' perspectives to develop and implement effective marketing strategies on social media platforms.

A 9-year-old, intact female, Pungsan dog was referred for purulent vaginal discharge and depression. Abdominal radiographs revealed gas-filled and soft tissue opacity tubular structures in the mid to caudal abdomen. On ultrasonography, fluid-filled uterus and cervix accompanied by hyperechoic foci and reverberation artifacts were identified. Multiple hyperechoic foci were found within the uterine wall, indicating gas content. Escherichia coli was isolated from aerobic and anaerobic bacterial cultures. Radiological differential diagnosis of tubular shaped, dilated gas-filled structure, and gas in the wall of the structure should consider emphysematous pyometra with endometrial pneumatosis in intact female dogs with vulvar discharge.

We present the deep homogeneous 𝑈𝐵𝑉𝑅𝐼 photometric data of 135,071 stars down to 𝑉 ∼ 23 mag and 𝐼 ∼ 22 mag toward the Carina Nebula. These stars are cross-matched with those from the previous surveys in the X-ray, near-infrared, and mid-infrared wavelengths as well as the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3). This master catalog allows us to select reliable members and determine the fundamental parameters distance, size, stellar density of stellar clusters in this star-forming region. We revisit the reddening toward the nebula using the optical and the near-infrared colors of early-type stars. The foreground reddening [𝐸(𝐵 −𝑉) 𝑓 𝑔] is determined to be 0.35 ± 0.02, and it seems to follow the standard reddening law. On the other hand, the total-toselective extinction ratio of the intracluster medium (𝑅𝑉,𝑐𝑙) decreases from the central region (Trumpler 14 and 16, 𝑅𝑉,𝑐𝑙 ∼ 4.5) to the northern region (Trumpler 15, 𝑅𝑉,𝑐𝑙 ∼ 3.4). It implies that the central region is more dusty than the northern region. We find that the distance modulus of the Carina Nebula to be 11.9 ± 0.3 mag (𝑑 = 2.4 ± 0.35 kpc) using a zero-age main-sequence fitting method, which is in good agreement with that derived from the Gaia EDR3 parallaxes. We also present the catalog of 3,331 pre-main-sequence (PMS) members and 14,974 PMS candidates down to 𝑉 ∼ 22 mag based on spectrophotometric properties of young stars at infrared, optical, and X-ray wavelengths. From the spatial distribution of PMS members and PMS candidates, we confirm that the member selection is very reliable down to faint stars. Our data will have a legacy value for follow-up studies with different scientific purposes.

Pseudo-pheochromocytoma is defined as an adrenal tumor that has the typical characteristics of pheochromocytoma likely hypertension but is histopathologically diagnosed to other types of adrenal tumors. 11-year-old, castrated male Maltese presented for a left adrenal mass with hypertension. According to clinical signs and radiological features, a temporary diagnosis was made of pheochromocytoma. The adrenalectomy was performed and the histopathological examination of the resected adrenal gland was diagnosed as cortical adenocarcinoma. This report describes the case of pseudo-pheochromocytoma in a dog and implies the salience that even if pheochromocytoma is diagnosed based on all test results, pseudo-pheochromocytoma should not be excluded.

This study evaluated the Protaetia brevitarsis larvae powder’s characteristic changes using hot air drying (60±2.5oC, 12 h) with different pre-treatment methods, including two sacrifice methods, two storage temperatures, and two defatting processes. Appearance, yield, moisture contents, pH, color, proximate analysis, volatile basic nitrogen level, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and total phenol content were assessed. Results revealed that a combination of blanching, defatting, and -20oC storage temperature resulted in higher total phenol contents, lower water contents, and lower volatile basic nitrogen levels than other methods. Defatted treatment resulted in a higher L-value than the non-defatted treatment. Taken together, these results indicate that a combination of -20oC storage, blanching, and defatting is the optimal pre-treatment method for obtaining P. brevitarsis larvae powder with high total phenol content, low water content, and low volatile basic nitrogen, taking into account cost efficiency considerations.

This study aims to restore the dignity of the elderly based on “filial piety” and community values in preparation for the 'silver tsunami' in Jeju by studying the case of Whitney Center in the United States, PASSi, Jeju's Isidol Nursing Home, and the haenyeo society. The main goal was to develop the Asian Jeong Nang model which was named by professor Koh Chang Hoon, Chair of Island Research Institute at Jeju National university. Jeong Nang(정낭) is the gateway with 3 wooden bars to the traditional residential space of Jeju where several generations live together. Dr. Hesung Chun Koh, Chair of East Rock Institute gave me motivation and support for the study of the elderly welfare model at the Jeju National University Island Research Institute. As the head of this study, I was dispatched from the Jeju National University Island Research Institute to the East Rock Institute (ERI). Dr. Hesung Chun Koh, M.D. Ann Datunashivili who is a practice professor at Medical School of Yale and in charge of Medical Center of Whitney Center. and Mike RambaRose who is Chief Executive Officer of Whitney Center, supported my research. In addition ImJa Choi, CEO of PASSi, also allowed two research students, Lee Seung Yong and Ko Yu Seok, from Jeju National University, to help my research related to psycho-social approach for the elderly at PASSi. This study was intended to develop a model for senior citizens in Korea through Hesung Chun Koh's ERI CCAI Model, Whitney Center's residential apartment model for retired seniors, and PASSi's community care model for the multi-cultural community.

A 13-year-old mixed dog was referred to the animal medical center, Gyeongsang National University. Lung masses were diagnosed at the left cranial and caudal lobes through diagnostic imaging, and consequently, left pneumonectomy was performed using a self-cutting linear endoscopic stapler. The pulmonary arteries, veins, and bronchus of each lung lobe were sealed and resected at once, and any air leakage or bleeding was not observed after the surgery. Compared to the conventional ligation method, the self-cutting linear endoscopic stapler has the advantage of significantly reducing the operation time and enabling simple and reliable sealing.