In this study, to find out the effect of psychological anxiety of the patients during MRI examination on the claustrophobia and vital signs, As for a study tool, to measure Anxiety Sensitivity Index(ASI), Kamsung Evaluation Index of Life Environmental Noise(KEI), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-IV) was used, and for vital signs, blood pressure and pulse rate were measured pre and post MRI examination. In conclusion, it was indicated that though the effect of the general characteristics, psychological anxiety, on noise sensitivity and claustrophobia was small, the psychological anxiety of the patients during MRI examination affected claustrophobia and vital signs.

In this study, We designed and implemented a assistant device for the standing X-ray views which is the one of the clinical X-ray imaging position. To evaluate the usability of the proposed assistant device, We choose 11 clinical patient postures that are used frequently and applied the postures to 5 volunteers. 11 images was taken from a volunteer for the patient postures. And we conducted a survey on safety and clinical usefulness, the 5 volunteers responded to the safety and 5 experts responded to the clinical usefulness. The survey results show that the volunteers feel more safe and the obtained images are very clear and clinically useful. The result for the image quality is 4.69 of 5(best) and safety is 2.84 of 3(best). It will be very profitable to both patients and hospitals by using the proposed assistant device.

생명공학 관련 회사들이 유전자 변형 품종을 적극적으로 개발함으로서 생명공학 관련 시장규모도 급속도로 성장하고 있으며, GM 작물의 재배면적도 매년 빠르게 증가하고 있다.1996년 GM 작물이 처음 재배된 이후 2014년 현재 28개국에서 유전자 변형 작물을 재배하고 있으며, 재배면적도 1996년170만 헥타르에서 100배 이상 증가하여 1억 8,150만 헥타르에재배되고 있어, GM 작물은 근래에 가장 빨리 채택된 육종기술로 인정 받고 있다. 전 세계 GM 작물 재배품종 중 가장많이 재배되고 있는 형질은 제초제 내성이 도입된 품종으로 1억 260만 헥타르에 이르며 전체의 57%에 해당하고, 다음이제초제 내성과 해충 저항성이 함께 형질전환된 품종이 재배되고 있다. 농민이 GM 작물을 재배함으로서 수확량 증가, 농약사용 감소, 농가 수익 증가 등 혜택을 받을 수 있어 매년GM 작물을 재배하는 면적이 증가하고 있으며, 특히 개발도상국에서의 GM 작물의 채택률이 선진국보다 더 빠르게 증가하고 있다. 콩, 옥수수, 면화 등 GM 작물의 급속한 증가에도 불구하고 아직도 작물의 재배로 발생할 수 있는 환경의 영향, 작물의 잡초화, 신종 병해충의 출현 가능성으로 인한 위해성 논란 등 생명공학 안전성에 대한 문제가 끊임 없이 제기되고 있어 GM 작물에 대한 위해성 검증과 안전성에 대한 적극적인연구와 홍보가 요구된다.

Musculoskeletal disorders are generally caused by physical activity and job stress, lack of exercise, neck, shoulders, and back. In this paper, we were implemented using the IMU(Inertial Measurement Unit) sensor rehabilitation contents and measurements of the cervical range of motion that can help the rehabilitation of patients with musculoskeletal system. It was compared to the CROM method for verification of the IMU sensor data, the error rate was the result of less ±0.3󰔆. In other words, the results indicate that there is no problem to measure the cervical range of motion. So we were calculated the quaternion angle for each flexion, extension, and lateral flexion and extension, the contents for these was implemented. In addition, the implementation of a virtual reality-based contents using the Google cardboard was to show the possibility to replace existing high virtual reality contents.

W. B. 예이츠의 시의 번역의 역사는 1918년 김안서(1893-195?)가 처음 번역하여 서울의 한 서구문학번역 주간지에 실린 예이츠의 8행시 “그는 하늘의 천을 원하네”(1899년 작)로 거슬러 올라간다. 그 이후 이 시는 100년 동안 시인들과 작가들 에 의해 계속적으로 번역되었고, 가장 최근 2006년에는 17번째 번역이 나왔다. 본고는 이 시의 번역에서 어휘의 선택, 문장의 배열, 태도, 영향, 등에 대한 평을 한다. 본고 는 최초로 김안서의 번역이 영어원전의 번역이 아니라 구리야가와 하쿠손(1880-1923) 의 1905년 일본어 번역의 중역인 것을 보여주며, 또한 복수와 단수명사의 구분을 무 시하는 한국어 번역의 특성도 지적하며, 마지막으로 미래의 번역가들이 주의해야 할 문제들도 다룬다.

본 연구는 고온과 고습 조건 하에서 양파 화구의 총 단백질 발현과 원형질막 H+ATPase 영향을 조사하고자 조생종 '신선황'과 중생종 '맵시황'를 이용하여 실험을 수행하였다. '신선황'과 '맵시황' 품종의 양파 회구 개화전, 반개화, 그리고 만개 단계에서 단백질의 양생에는 차이를 보이지 않았지만 결실 단계에서는 유도 및 비유도되는 단백질이 현저하게 나타났다. 양파 화구 개화 후 실시한 고온과 고습처리 18일째의 양파두 품종의 단벡질도 현저하게 감소하였고 특히 고온처리구에서 더 감소되는 경향을 보였다. 원형절막 H+ATPase 발현을 western-blot으로 살펴본 결과, '신선황' 과 '맵시황'의 경우 대조구에서 원형질막 H+ATPase 단백질 발현이 유지 되는 반면에, 고온처리구에서는 두품종 모두 원형질막 H+ATPase가 발현 되지 않았다. 고습처리구에서 중생종 '맵시황'약 원형질막 H+ATPase는 발현 되었는데 조생종 '신선황'에서 발현되지 않았다. 이는 양파 종자 성숙단계에서 고온 조건을 조우하면 고습처리 보다는 단백질 및 원형질막의 H+ATPase피해가 더 심각함을 보여 주는 결과이다.

The structure of a carbon monoxide sorption complex of dehydrated fully Ca2+-exchanged zeolite X, |Ca46(CO)27|[Si100Al92O384]-FAU, has been determined in the cubic space group Fd 3 at 21℃ (a = 24.970(4) ) by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The crystal was prepared by ion exchange in a flowing stream of 0.05 M aqueous Ca(NO3)2 for three days, followed by dehydration at 400℃ and 2×10-6 Torr for two days, and exposure to 100 Torr of zeolitically dry carbon monoxide gas at 21℃. The structure was determined in this atmosphere and was refined, using the 356 reflections for which Fo 〉 4Σ(Fo), to the final error indices R1 = 0.059 and wR2 = 0.087. In this structure, Ca2+ ions occupy three crystallographic sites. Sixteen Ca2+ ions fill the octahedral site I at the centers of hexagonal prisms (Ca-O = 2.415(7) a). The remaining 30 Ca2+ ions are found at two nonequivalent sites II (in the supercages) with occupancies of 3 and 27 ions. Each of these Ca2+ ions coordinates to three framework oxygens, either at 2.276(10) or 2.298(8) a, respectively. Twenty-seven carbon monoxide molecules have been sorbed per unit cell, three per supercage. Each coordinates to one of the latter 16 site-II Ca2+ ions: C-Ca = 2.72(8) a. The imprecisely determined N-C bond length, 1.26(14) a, differs insignificantly from that in carbon monoxide(g), 1.13 a.

The present experiments on cryopreservation were designed to examine the effects of solution toxicity, equilibration time and cell stages on the post-thaw survival of bovine IVF embryos. The oocytes were matured in vitro(IVM) for 24 hrs. in TCM-199 supplemented with 35 g /ml FSH, 10 g /ml LH, 1 g /ml estradiol-17 and granulosa cells at 39 under 5% in air. They were fertilized in vitro(IVF) by epididymal spermatozoa treated with heparin for 24 hrs., and then the zygotes were co-cultured in vitro(IVC) with bovine oviductal epithelial cells for 7 to 9 days. The bovine IVF embryos were exposed to the EFS solution in one step at room temperature, kept in the EFS solution during different period for toxicity test, vitrified in liquid nitrogen, and thawed rapidly. 1. after the bovine blastocysts were exposed to EFS solution for 2 min. at room temperature and then they were washed in 0.5 M sucrose solution and TCM-199, they were cultured to examined cryoprotectant induced injury during exposure, Most of the embryos(95.0%) developed to reexpanded blastocoels. However, when the exposure time was extended to 5 and 10 min, these development rates dropped dramatically in 5 min. (69.5%) and 10 min. (47.4%), respectively, 2. When the bovine IVF embryos were vitrified in EFS solution after the equilibration for 1 and 2 min. exposure, The embryos to have reexpanded blastocoels following thawing, washing and culture processes were found to he 82.6 and 73.9%, respectively. However, when the exposure time was extended to 3 min, this survival rate dropped to 18.2%. The optimal time for equilibration of bovine IVF blastocysts in EFS solution seemed to he 1~2 min. 3. When the bovine IVF embryos were equilibrated for 1 min. the significantly (P<0. 05) higher post-thaw survival rates were obtained from the embryos of blastocyst stage(81.3%) than morulae stage(5. 1%). The optimal cell stage for viterification with EFS solution proven to he blastocyst stage in bovine IVF embryos. 4. The number of blastomeres of blastocyst stage was examined with nuclear staining with Hoechst 33342 during 7 to 9 days post-insemination. The cell counts of frozen bovine IVF embryos were found significantly(P7.5 and those of the fresh embryos 76.67. 1, which were cultured in the sarne period and conditions as frozen embryos.

Compositional and quantitative changes of 4-desmethylsterols in soybean (Glycine max. cv. Gangrim) seed and pod at six stages of development from flowering were investigated. The content of 4-desmethyl-, 4-monomethyl- and 4,4-dimethylsterols in developing soybean seed and pod was found to vary between 0.16-0.35, 0.04-0.12 and 0.04-0.06%, respectively. The predominating 4-desmethylsterols were sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol. The proportion of sitosterol in seed decreased to 57.0% with maturation, while in pod increased up to 88.7%. △7,22,25 Stigmastatrienol estimated 7.5% was detected in the fully mature seed.

Cherry tomato ‘TY Candy’ F₁ Hybrid was bred in Tomato Life Science and Research Institute from 2008 to 2014, which has indeterminate plant type, oblong fruit shape, average fruit weight 17 ~ 22 g and sugar content brix 8 ~ 9. Female line was selected and fixed with vigorous plant, firm fruit texture, Fusarium and Cladosporium resistance. Male line was selected and fixed with medium internode, deep leaf color, high brix, Yellow leaf curl virus and Nematode resistance. F₁ combination was made and pollinated in 2011 year, hybrid selection and sample seed production were progressed in 2012 year, farmers’ field trial was conducted at major tomato cultivation area and resulted good performance in 2013 ~ 2014. The distinctive characteristics of ‘TY Candy’ are higher yield, fruit quality and TYLCV, Nematode, Cladosporium etc. multi-disease resistance compared to existed varieties.

생강연작재배지 토양에 녹비작물의 재배가 토양 양분의 변 화와 뿌리썩음병원균 경감효과를 알기위해 헤어리베치, 크림 손클로버, 오차드글라스를 80일간 재배 후, 토양에 환원하여 토 양분석 및 real-time PCR 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 녹비작 물의 생육은 크림손클로버가 가장 좋았으며, 질수흡수량은 크 림손클로버가 가장 높게 나타났으며, 토양의 인산함량은 오차 드글라스가 가장 낮게 나타났다. T-N 함량은 헤어리벳치 > 크 림손클로버 > 오차드글라스 순으로 나타났다. 또한 토양 내 뿌 리썩음 병원균 밀도분석을 위해 Pythium zingiberum 균 특이 5.8S rDNA를 이용하여 real-time PCR 분석한 결과 헤어리베 치, 오차드그라스 및 크림손클로버 처리의 Ct값은 대조구보다 낮게 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 요약해볼 때 생강연작재배지에 서 녹비처리 후 토양은 대조구에 비해 EC가 감소되고, 몇 몇 무 기성분은 증가하였으며, 뿌리썩음 병원균 밀도는 감소하였다.