본 연구는 2003년 8월에 통영 바다목장해역 5개 정점 표층수에서 페놀류, 9개의 폴리클로리네이티드비페닐(PCB) 및 유기주석화합물(TBT)의 농도와 10개 정점에서 수은 및 크롬(VI), 카드뮴, 납의 중금속 농도를 해양 환경공정시험방법(해양수산부 2002) 또는 이 방법과 내분비계 장애물질의 측정 분석방법(국립환경연구원 1999)을 일부 변경하여 분석하였다. 환경정책기본법시행령(대통령령 제18108호: 별표 1, 3. 수질, 라. 해역)에 의하면

Background : The use of the rain shelter facility gets more prevalent in the Ginseng cultivation area these days. This study is designed to establish a technique for the stable cultivation of Ginseng in the rain shelter facilities in high temperature (above 30 ℃) without the damage from high temperature Methods and Results : This study was carried out on 3-year Ginseng roots in 2016 in order to find out how to stably cultivate Ginseng in high temperature without suffering the high temperature damage during the cultivation of Ginseng under rain shelter facilities. The rain shading materials were coated with scattering film (scattering film + black shading net 90%), bluish white double-sided film (shading 85%) and PE film (PE film + black shading net 90%). The damage reduction by high temperature was made to the scattering film and bluish-white double-ended film only. An aluminum screen (shading rate: 40%) was installed when the high temperature (above 30℃) was reached while the isoprene (solution of 2000 times) was sprayed 4 times every 7 days from the full development stage. The light transmittance was 12.6 - 13.4% for the scattering film, 10.5 - 10.8% for the bluish-white double sided film and 7.1% for the PE film in the first coating while it was 7.3% for the scattering film and 7.1% for the bluish-white double-sided film when the aluminum screen was installed in high temperature. The high, average and low values in the relative humidity were higher inside the facility than in the outside during the survey period. The area of leaf was the largest under the scattering film. The area of leaf was the largest for the scattered film under the aluminum shade of 40% shading followed by that of spraying of isoprene 4 times, and that of the no-treatment. As for the growth under ground, the growth of underground shoots increased by 40% in aluminum screen, 53.7% in shading and 26.1% in the spraying of isoprene 4 times than non-shading while there was no difference among other rain shelter materials. Conclusion : The result of the research showed that when the scattering film is selected as the rain shelter material film for the cultivation of Ginseng, it is necessary to shade the sunlight as much as 40% by using the aluminum screen or the shading net to reduce the high temperature damage.

Background : The study is designed to establish the standard of wide-shading facilities for the energy-saving and labor-free system in response to the shortage of manpower in rural areas by introducing North American style Ginseng cultivation facility. Methods and Results : This study was carried out at the Income & Resources Research Institute, Gyeonggi Agricultural Research & Extension Services, located in Shinseo-myeon, Yeoncheon-gun, Gyeonggi-do in 2015 in order to establish the standards for wide-shading facilities for energy-saving and labor-free system in response to Korea's climate and lack of manpower in rural area. The shading materials used were blue shading net made with coolaroo fabric, aluminum screen (shading rate 40%) and black shading net (shading rate 40%). As for the installation of additional shading materials, the blue shading nets (200 g/㎡ and 220 g/㎡) were installed on Apr. 1, and then the aluminum screens and black shading net were installed on Jun. 1 when it was hot (with the outside temperature of 30℃ or above. To determine the suitability of the shading materials, the growth environment in the shading facilities such as temperature and humidity, light quantity, and water leakage were measured. The growth was investigated for the above-ground part and underground part of the plants in accordance with the research standards of the Rural Development Administration (RDA). As for the temperature in the shading facilities, the temperature in the aluminum screen was higher than that of the black shading net, and the humidity in the aluminum screen was lower than that of the black shading net. The light intensity and transmittance were higher in the aluminum screen than those in the black shading net. The water leakage was absent on aluminum screen, but it was 8.1 - 11.5% in the black shading net. Although the growth of shoots above the ground showed no difference between shading materials, the growth of the shoot underground was better in the black shading net than in the aluminum screen in high temperature. In particular, the weight of Ginseng root increased by 19.1% in the black light shade compared to that of the aluminum screen. Conclusion : The results of the study showed that the combination of shading materials suitable for wide shading facilities in Korea in response to the lack of manpower in rural areas due to climate change and rural aging is the combination of "blue shading net + black shading net".

Background : This study is designed to select the best shading materials for the 4-year old ginseng K-1 variety by examining the light volume, photosynthesis and growth characteristics of ginseng. Methods and Results : The ginseng seedling was transplanted in the 7 lines x 9 rows (63 plants)/ 1.65 ㎡. The shading materials were installed in the form of rear line with 170 ㎝ high for front pole and 100 ㎝ high for rear pole. The installation of shading materials were installed in combination of polyethylene, blue polyethylene sheet + polyethylene, polyethylene + polyethylene, polyethylene + aluminium screen 70%, polyethylene + aluminium screen 100%, aluminium shade plate to inspect the photosynthesis and ginseng's growth characteristics. The photosynthetic rate was measured on the middle of small leaf using the photosynthetic tester (L1-6400, Li-COR) a t 10 : 00 – 14 : 00 on a clear day with the light volume of 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1,000, 1,400, 1,800 μmol s-1m-2.For the ginseng K-1, which is 4-years old, the aerial parts growth (such as survival rate, height of plant, length of stem, diameter of steam and length of leaf) and underground part (length, diameter and weight of root) were examined in 2016. As for the PAR (photosynthetically active radiation), the aluminum shade plate showed the best performance while the polyethylene + polyethylene showed the least. As for the photosynthetic rate, the following order was shown in the decreasing order: blue polyethylene sheet + polyethylene > polyethylene > aluminium shade plate ≒ polyethylene + aluminium screen 100%, > polyethylene + polyethylene > polyethylene + aluminium screen 70%. As for the survival rate for 4-year old ginseng, the polyethylene + aluminium screen 70% showed the highest survival rate with 91.0%. As for the growth of aerial part of ginseng, the polyethylene and polyethylene + polyethylene showed the best growth. As for the underground part of ginseng, the polyethylene, blue polyethylene sheet + polyethylene, and polyethylene + polyethylene showed the best growth in the length of roots and length of main root while polyethylene and blue polyethylene sheet + polyethylene showed the best growth in the weight of roots. Conclusion : In conclusion, considering the characteristics of photosynthesis and the underground parts of ginseng, it was found that the best shading materials for K-1 4-year old ginseng is blue polyethylene sheet + polyethylene.

Background : The study is designed to select the organic fertilizer as an additional fertilizer suitable for improving the yield of ginseng cultivar K-1 at low productive land when it is cultivated as 6-year old red ginseng. Methods and Results : This study was conducted in 2016 at a farm in Paju cultivating 6-year old ginseng root. As for the management of the cultivation land, in 2010 and 2011, Sudangrass was cultivated in order to make the organic matter content and chemical composition suitable for ginseng cultivation, and more than 15 tillage works were carried out a year. The transplantation was carried out at the planting density of 63 weeks / 1.62 ㎡ in April 2012. On May 2, the amount of 15 ℓ / 1.62 ㎡ of N 1.5 ㎏/1,000 ㎡ was supplied to the non-treatment, liquid fertilizer of fermented rice bran, liquid fertilizer of fermented soybean, seaweed and liquid yeast. N 1.5 ㎏/1,000 ㎡ was put into the soil for the fermented soybean and leaf mold. The photosynthetic rate was measured on the middle part of the small leaf by using a photosynthetic analyzer (LI-6400, Li-COR) at 10 : 00 - 14 : 00 on a clear day under PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) of 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1,000, 1,400, 1,800 μmol s-1m-2. The growth features of ginseng (including the length of stem, length of leaf, width of leaf, length of root and yield, etc.) as well as leaf discoloration, and root rot, etc were examined. The statistical analysis was performed 3 times in the randomized block design. For the rate of photosynthesis, the liquid fertilizer of fermented rice bran > liquid fertilizer of fermented soybean ≒ untreated ≒ fermented soybean > seaweed > liquid yeast > leaf mold was higher in that order. The survival rate ranged from 42.9% to 51.9%. As for the above-ground growth characteristics, the liquid fertilizer of fermented rice bran, liquid fertilizer of fermented soybean, seaweed and liquid yeast showed higher performance than the non-treated while the fermented soybean and leaf mold showed similar performance to the non-treatment. As for the underground growth, the liquid fertilizer of fermented rice-bran, liquid fertilizer of fermented soybean, fermented soybean, or leaf mold showed the same performance as non-treatment while the fermented soybean or leaf mold showed shorter length than non-treatment. As for the yield, the liquid fertilizer of fermented rice-bran, or liquid fertilizer of fermented soybean showed better performance than non-treatment. Conclusion : In conclusion, it was found that liquid fertilizer of fermented rice bran and liquid fertilizer of fermented soybean are the suitable organic fertilizers which can be used in ginseng cultivation for improving the quantitative yield of 6-year-old ginseng in low-producing area.

장내미생물 개선에 효과가 있는 약용식물소재들을 탐색하여 정장제품 개발하고자 13종의 식물을 물과 에탄올로 각각 추출하여 농도별로 유해균인 C. perfringens, E. coli와 유익균인 B. longum의 생육에 미치는 영향을 in vitro실험으로 시험한 결과는 아래와 같다. 가. C. perfringens은 민들레와 인진쑥 물 추출물에, 돌나물, 오미자, 민들레, 부추, 생강, 쑥, 인진쑥, 질경이 에탄올추출물에 강하게 생육억제 되었다. 나. E. coli은 돌나물, 오미자 물과 에탄올 추출물에서 강하게 생육억제 되었다. 다. B. longum은 추출용매에 관계없이 생육에는 크게 영향을 주지 않았다. 라. 돌나물과 오미자 에탄올추출물이 유익균에 생육억제 없이, 두 유해균을 억제됨으로서 이들 소재가 정장제품으로의 개발 가능성이 있다고 생각되었다.

신개간지에서 삼요소비료시용시 몇가지 물리화학적인 개량방법을 병행하여 실시함으로써 율무재배에 대한 기초자료를 얻고자 신개간지에서 율무를 1985년부터 4년간 재배하면서 율무에 대한 삼요소의 수량반응과 토양특성 변화를 조사·분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 율무의 초장은 종합개량처리구에서 가장 컸는데 2년차까지는 컸으나 3년차부터는 작아졌다. 2. 율무수량은 종합개량처리가 평균 2.16 t/ha로 가장 많고 삼요소 시용 대조구에 비하여 49% 증수되었으며 다른 처리구의 수량은 심경구>인산구>석회구>퇴비구>대조구 순으로 많았다. 3. 토양의 용적밀도나 경도는 표토에서 3년차까지 계속 낮아지다가 개량제 시용이 없었던 4년차에는 높아졌다. 토양산도는 토심이나 년차간에 큰 차이가 없었다.

초형과 내도복성이 다른 품종에 있어서 도복의 정도와 양상을 조사하고 도복과 관련된 형질들의 직ㆍ간접 영향을 분석하기 위하여 3품종을 공시하여 3수준의 재식밀도로 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 경장ㆍ분지수ㆍ절간장은 품종 및 재식밀도간에 각각 또는 상호간에 차이가 있었으며, 주경절수는 품종간 차이는 있었으나 동일 품종내 재식밀도간에는 광교에서만 차이가 있었다. 2. 도복양상은 팔달콩과 장엽콩은 비교적 소식에서는 뿌리도복, 밀식에서는 휨도복이 많았고, 광교에서는 휴폭 30cm까지는 뿌리도복과 휨도복이 비슷한 경향이었으나 휴폭 20cm에서는 휨도복이 현저히 많았다. 3. 팔달콩과 장엽콩에서는 도복과 경장 및 절간장은 정상관, 경엽생중 및 뿌리생중과는 부의 상관이 있었으며, 경직경은 장엽콩에서만 부의 상관이 있었고 광교는 뿌리생중만이 도복과 부의 상관을 보였다. 4. 도복에 대한 직접영향은 팔달콩과 장엽콩에서는 절간장이 가장 컸고, 도복에 약한 광교는 경엽생중이 가장 컸다. 5. 팔달콩과 장엽콩에서는 밀식일수록 휨도복이 많았고, 절간장은 도복과 정상관으로 도복에 미친 직접영향이 가장 큰 형질이었다.

대두유전자원의 안전보존을 위해서 50계통을 선정하고 온도 23℃ 와 습도 60%가 넘지 않도록 유지시킬 수 있는 본 연구소의 저장고에 종자를 저장하면서 계속 일정 간격으로 발아력을 조사하는 한편 동일 계통의 종자를 온도 40℃ 와 습도 90%에서 인공적으로 노화촉진시켜 저장고에서의 발아력감퇴와 비교하였다. 저장초기의 평균발아율이 97%이었는데 반해 저장 42개월에는 62%로 저하되었는데 비교적 본 저장고에서 오랫동안 발아력이 유지된 셈이다. 종자의 크기와 종피색에 따라 발아력 유지의 정도에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났는데 대립보다 소립 또한 갈색이나 녹색보다 검정색이나 황색 계통에서 발아력 유지가 오래 지속되는 경향을 보였다. 인공노화촉진처리한 후의 계통간 발아력감퇴차이는 저장고에서의 것과 일치하는 것으로 나타났고, 특히 저장전에 계통간 종자 수명을 파악코저 할 때, 온도 40℃ 와 습도 90%에서 7일 처리가 가장 알맞는 것으로 사료된다.