This study was performed : 1) to establish the experimental analysis conditions for the sorption and desorption of toxic organic contaminants to/from the activated sludge, sediment, and clay, and 2) to determine the sorption and desorption equilibrium coefficients of some representative halogenated aliphatic compounds. Through the preliminary sorption test using Azo dye, a setting of quantitative experimental conditions to determine the sorption and desorption characteristics was decided as follows; equilibration time of 180 minutes, centrifuge for 15 minutes at 5000×g, and 500㎎/ℓ of TOC concentration. The sorption and desorption characteristics of halogenated aliphatic compounds onto activated sludge, sediment and clay could be described very well using the Freundlich isotherm. The preference of the average sorption capacity of the overall compounds showed in the sequence sediment 0.26㎎/g, clay 0.23㎎/g, and activated sludge 0.11㎎/g. The desorption rate of the sorbed compounds onto activated sludge, sediment and clay was approximately 89.8%, 35.3%, and 66.4%, respectively.

Sorption and desorption is an important phenomenon to determine the fate of halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons in the aqueous phase. This study was conducted to develope a predictive equation capable of estimating the sorption and desorption potentials of halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons onto the sludge from activated process, sediment, and clay. It has shown that the sorption and desorption parameters can be accurately estimated using Quantitative Structural Activity Relationship(QSAR) models based on molecular connectivity indexes of test compounds. The QSAR model could be applied to predict the sorption and desorption capacity of the other halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons. The QSAR modeling would provide a useful tool to predict the sorption and desorption capacity without time-consuming experiments.

이 연구의 목적은 신체활동 참여자들이 일반적으로 느끼는 기분 및 정서상태를 평가할 수 있는 측정도구를 한국의 문화/언어적 측면을 고려하여 개발하는데 있다. 한국형 운동-정서척도(Korean Exorcise-Emotion Scale: KEES)의 개발과 타당화 과정은 크게 3 단계의 절차에 의하여 이루어졌다. 첫째, 선행문헌에서 밝혀진 `한국인의 일반적 정서용어` 834개(한덕웅, 강혜자, 2000)에 대한 내용타당도검증을 시행하여 72개의 운동-정서 문항이 산출되었다. 둘째, 사회체육에 지속적으로 참여하고 있는 성인 남녀 266명을 대상으로 72개의 문항에 대한 문항분석과 탐색적 요인분석을 시행하여 5요인 28문항의 KEES가 구조화되었다: 재미, 긍지, 활력감, 정화, 성취감. 셋째, 일련의 확인적 요인분석을 통하여 KEES의 가설적 요인 모델들을 비교 검증한 결과 수정지수를 사용한 5요인 24문항의 모델에서 가장 높은 적합도 지수를 나타내었다. 이 연구는 한국의 문화적 측면에서 KEES가 다양한 신체활동 상황에서 발생하는 참여자들의 정서상태를 평가할 수 있다는 일차적 가능성을 시사하였다.

Indoor and outdoor nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations were measured and compared with measurements of personal exposures of 95 persons in Seoul, Korea and 57 persons in Brisbane, Australia, respectively. Time activity diary was used to determine the impact on NO2 exposure assessment and microenvironmental model to estimate the personal NO2 exposure. Most people both Seoul and Brisbane spent their times more than 90% of indoor and more than 50% in home, respectively. Personal NO2 exposures were significantly associated with indoor NO2 levels with Pearson coefficient of 0.70 (p<0.01) and outdoor NO2 levels with Pearson coefficient of 0.66 (p<0.01) in Seoul and of 0.51 (p<0.01) and of 0.33 (p<0.05) in Brisbane, respectively. Using microenvironmental model by time weighted average model, personal NO2 exposures were estimated with NO2 measurements in indoor home, indoor office and outdoor home. Estimated NO2 measurements were significantly correlated with measured personal exposures (r = 0.69, p<0.001) in Seoul and in Brisbane (r = 0.66, p<0.001), respectively. Difference between measured and estimated NO2 exposures by multiple regression analysis was explained that NO2 levels in near workplace and other outdoors in Seoul (p = 0.023), and in transportation in Brisbane (p = 0.019) affected the personal NO2 exposures.