This study investigated the fish fauna of Jeonjucheon and Samcheon Streams, flowing through the city of Jeonju, through surveys conducted at 10 sampling sites using kick net and cast net. The fish fauna collected included 10 families and 36 species, with a total of 2,064 individuals. Samcheon had 8 families and 30 species with 1,074 individuals, Jeonjucheon had 8 families and 26 species with 986 individuals. The dominant species was Zacco platypus with 1,202 individuals, and a total of 153 individuals of the subdominant were Pseudogobio esocinus. In Jeonjucheon Stream, a total of 567 individuals of the dominant species were collected as Z. platypus and 99 individuals of the subdominant species were collected as Pungtungia herzi, and there was no significant change in the stream environment except for the confluence site. Further expanded research covering the entire Jeonjucheon and Samcheon Streams region, accompanied by regular monitoring, is essential to record and understand fluctuations in fish fauna.

The purpose of this study was to compare dietary self-efficacy for sodium intake reduction and dietary behaviors by eating areas. Subjects (797 males and 767 females) were classified according to perceived dietary habit levels related to sodium intake (lowest: ≤10 (n=434), low: 11~≤13 (n=471), high: 14~≤15 (n=360), highest: 16≤ (n=299)) using an online survey with a sample that was geographically representative of the population. The highest group was significantly younger and had a higher student proportion than the lowest group. Dining contexts regarding home led to a significantly higher sodium intake in the highest group, but it was eating out for the lowest group. The highest group had a significantly lower intention to reduce sodium intake compared to the lowest group. In the home cooked meals, the highest group displayed a significantly lower cooking frequency, less effort with respect to a low sodium diet and cooking habits related to sodium intake as compared to the lowest group. Also, regarding eating out and food service, the highest group exhibited significantly lower efforts and dietary behaviors to reduce sodium intake than the lowest group. The dietary score for sodium reduction behavior in the highest group was significantly lower compared to the lowest group, for home cooked meals, eating out, as well as food service. Thus, dietary guidelines and nutrition education for the reduction of sodium intake by eating areas need to be developed and provided.

This study was to investigate the association among satisfaction of nutrition labeling, change of purchase behaviors, and dietary life care, based on the awareness of nutrition labeling at expressway rest areas. The subjects (n=903) were divided into two groups, according to the awareness of nutrition labeling: Awareness of Nutrition Labeling (ANL) group, n=367; Non Awareness of Nutrition Labeling (NANL) group, n=536. Effort of health care and identification of nutrition labeling was significantly higher in the ANL group, compared with the NANL group. As for the main reason for not identifying nutrition labeling, ‘not interested in nutrition labeling’ was the highest in the ANL group, and ‘Don't know nutrition labeling is provided’ in the NANL group. Identification ratio of nutrition labeling in future was significantly higher in the NANL group, compared with the ANL group among the subjects who didn't identify nutrition labeling before. After their becoming aware, a change of food purchase after reading the nutrition labeling was significantly higher in the ANL group, compared with the NANL group. Health beliefs on the nutrition labeling were significantly higher in the ANL group, compared with the NANL group. Satisfaction of nutrition labeling was also significantly higher in the ANL group, compared with the NANL group. The ANL group also expressed a necessity of expansion of nutrition labeling, compared with the NANL group. In the ANL group, identification of nutrition labeling was significantly higher in the hard effort group, compared with the little effort group of dietary life care. Therefore, improvement and campaign of nutrition labeling for consumers at expressway rest areas, especially for the NANL group, will be effective in identifying nutrition labeling for their health care.

The Gonatopodinae is the most diverse subfamily among the Dryinids subfamilies. It is recognized about 381 described species in the world. A total three genera and seven species have been reported from Korea (He, J. and Xu, Z., 2002). Generally Gonatopus is easily distinguished from other Gonatopodinae genera by the combination of the following characters: Palpal fomula 6/3, or 5/3 or, or 5/2 , or 4/3, or 4/2, or 3/2; enlarged claw with a subapical tooth, or with a small subapical tooth; Tibial spurs 1, 0, 1. Also, Genus Gonatopus Ljungh, 1810 ranks as the most commonly distributed genus in the world and parasitoids of leaf hopper, Cicadellidae (except for Typhlocybinae, Idiocerinae, Macropsinae) (Olmi, 1984). In this study, we found one newly recorded species, Gonatopus dromedarius (A.costa) and provide a key to the species of genus Gonatopus from Korea

In order to grasp status of trace metals contained and corelation analysis between cereal and soils, the samples which have been collected from four myeons in Ulju-ku Ulsan-city were 48 for cereal and 48 for soils. The average Hg containing level' of samples is 0.006 ppm for cereal and 0.062 ppm for soil, Pb is 0.302 ppm for cereal and 1.137 ppm for soil, Cd is 0.012 ppm for cereal and 0.027 ppm for soil, Cu is 2.01 ppm for cereal and 0.885 ppm for soil, and Zn is 7.853 ppm for cereal and 2.366 ppm for soil. Corelation analysis between cereal and soils showed statistical significance for Hg, Pb and Cu, but it didn't show any significance for Cd and Zn.

이 연구는 발명교육에 대한 기술교과 예비교사의 관심도를 분석하여 미래 발명교육을 주도할 예비교사에게 관심도의 단계에 따른 적절한 지원전략을 수립하기 위한 정보를 제공하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 중등 기술교사를 양성하는 대학교 기술교육 전공 2, 3학년 학생이다. 연구방법은 관심도 채점도구를 활용하여 원점수와 상대적 강도를 구한 뒤 관심도 프로파일을 이용하여 발명교육에 대한 관심도를 분석하였다. 발명교육에 대한 전반적인 관심도는 0단계가 100명 (57.1%)으로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 관심도 프로파일 유형 중 비사용자와 초보적 사용자가 혼합된 특성을 보였다. 개인배경변인에 따른 관심도 분석결과는 첫째, 성별에 따른 관심도의 차이는 남·여 예비교사 모두 0단계에서 최고점을 나타냈으며, 2, 4, 5단계를 제외한 나머지 단계에서는 모두 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 남·여 예비교사 모두 비사용자 프로파일을 나타냈다. 둘째, 대 학교에 따른 관심도의 차이는 0단계에서 최고점을 나타냈으며, 0단계와 6단계에서만 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 한국교원대학교, 충남대학교, 세한대학교는 비사용자 프로파일을 나타냈으며, 경남대학교는 비사용자와 초보적 사용자가 혼합된 특성을 보였다. 셋째, 학년에 따른 관심도 의 차이는 0단계에서 최고점을 나타냈으며, 3단계를 제외한 모든 단계에서는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였으며, 모두 비사용자 프로파일을 나타냈다. 넷째, 발명교육 관련 수업 수강유무에 따른 관심도의 차이는 0단계에서 최고점을 나타냈으며, 1단계와 3단계를 제외한 모든 단계에서는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 발명교육 관련 수업의 수강유무에 관계없이 비사용자 프로파일을 나타냈다.

This paper proposes combination of a cognitive agent architecture named Soar (State, operator, and result) and ROS (Robot Operating System), which can be a basic framework for a robot agent to interact and cope with its environment more intelligently and appropriately. The proposed Soar-ROS human-robot interaction (HRI) agent understands a set of human’s commands by voice recognition and chooses to properly react to the command according to the symbol detected by image recognition, implemented on a humanoid robot. The robotic agent is allowed to refuse to follow an inappropriate command like “go” after it has seen the symbol ‘X’ which represents that an abnormal or immoral situation has occurred. This simple but meaningful HRI task is successfully experimented on the proposed Soar-ROS platform with a small humanoid robot, which implies that extending the present hybrid platform to artificial moral agent is possible.

This paper describes the effect of a robot cognitive rehabilitation program on cognitive functions for the elderly with mild cognitive impairment, and compares it with traditional cognitive therapy programs. Three experiment groups including cognition therapy group, robot cognitive rehabilitation group, and hybrid group have been sampled and one comparative group has been organized for this research. 32 old people whose ages are between 61 and 88 with mild cognitive impairment participated in the programs with an admission of W care hospital. According to the program results, the cognitive therapy program alone had shown a positive effect on the attention function, and the robot cognitive rehabilitation program alone had a positive effect on the total intelligence and memory function. However, a simultaneous operation with both programs had shown a positive effect on the three intelligence areas such as total, basic, and management quotients as well as attention and memory functions as subsidiary factors. This paper has verified that the proposed robot cognitive rehabilitation program makes a positive effect on a cognitive function and plays a complementary role with traditional cognitive therapy programs.