Photoanode optimization is a fascinating technique for enlightening the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this present study, V2O5/ ZnO and reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-V2O5/ZnO nanocomposites (NCs) were prepared by the solid-state technique and used as photoanodes for DSSCs. A wet chemical technique was implemented to generate individual V2O5 and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). The structural characteristics of the as-synthesized NCs were investigated and confirmed using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The average crystallite size (D) of the as-synthesized V2O5/ ZnO and rGO-V2O5/ZnO NCs was determined by Debye-Scherer’s formula. The bandgap (eV) energy was calculated from Tauc’s plots, and the bonding nature and detection of the excitation of electrons were investigated using the Ultra violet (UV) visible spectra, Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) and photoluminescence (PL) spectral analysis. Electrical studies like Hall effect analysis and the Nyquist plots are also described. The V2O5/ ZnO and rGO-V2O5/ZnO NCs based DSSCs exhibited 0.64% and 1.27% of PCE and the short circuit current densities and open circuit voltages improved from 7.10 to 11.28 mA/cm2 and from 0.57 to 0.68 V, respectively.

이 글은 내가 최근에 종이 위에 작업한 작품들의 개요를 보여주는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 통해 작품들에서의 터치, 시간, 운동의 모든 측면과, 제작 과정과 관람 경험에 대한 발견을 전반적으로 제공하고자 한다. 나는 2022년의 대형 드로잉 작업 <목욕하는 사람들 I>과 2023년의 새로운 디지털 비디오 <그림자 속의 어떤 빛>에서 번역과 변환에 집중하고 있는 데, 손으로 들고 촬영하는 방식으로 터치, 시간, 운동의 요소들이 아이폰 카메라에 어떻게 반영되는지를 보여주기 위해서다. 이때 다양한 해상도와 프레임 속도의 사용은 후반 작업에 서 영상의 속도를 늦추는 방식과 결합하여 새로운 등가물을 만들어 내게 된다. 나는 갤러리 에서의 관람객들의 실시간 시청 경험을 고려하고 탐색하기 위해 스튜디오에서의 활동 결과 를 병렬하고 기록하는 촬영 관행도 개발하였다. 이는 특히 커다란 포맷의 네거티브 이미지 아날로그 사진들을 이용하여 손으로 만든 작품을 치환하는 것을 탐구한 나의 초기 실습을 통해서 맥락화된 결과이다. 나는 또한 이 글에서 19세기 후반의 사진, 광학, 회화의 발전, 특히 조르주 쇠라의 점묘법 작품과 나의 현재 작업 사이의 연관성에 대해 논의했다.

Customer loyalty is tested every day in the retail sector and the past years have been challenging for retailers to keep their existing, loyal customers. Covid-19 outbreak caused significant changes in consumers’ purchasing behavior because during the pandemic, consumers were forced to adapt new patterns of shopping which is likely to reflect also in customer loyalty. To better understand the temporal development of customer loyalty, we investigate how cognitive, affective, and social drivers of loyalty differ between 10,044 Trustpilot reviews before, during and after the Covid-19 pandemic. We investigate customer loyalty in the retail sector using an objective and a novel approach; thus we based this study on user-generated content in the form of online reviews in contrast to the traditional survey-based measures of customer loyalty.

Following the military advance of Russian forces into Ukraine in February 2022, Russia became the most sanctioned country in the world (Shapiro, 2022) as global leaders attempted to condemn the act and impose several sanctions on the Russian Federation including the ban of Russian oil and gas imports, the closure of airspace to Russian airplanes and the removal of Russian banks from the Swift international payment network (BBC, 2022). Among the noticeable effects of the Russia-Ukraine conflict is the animosity expressed against Russians. In a marketing context, animosity has been studied mostly from the perspective of consumers and is conceptualized as the “anger related to previous or ongoing military, economic or diplomatic events” (Klein et al., 1998:90) which impacts purchasing behaviour. Given that animosity has been found to have enduring effects, it is worth examining the anti-Russian sentiments currently manifesting as these may have impacts in terms of tourism management and marketing.

This paper presents an in-depth analysis of a random sample of 100 consecutive Facebook posts by a specialist industrial firm which is its industry leader in terms of brand performance on Social Media. It demonstrates how the messages content, encoding, and interactivity strategies achieve the Page’s audience engagement.

This article aims to describe about filling the gaps in the system of combating human trafficking and forced labor in Poland on the basis of the NGO La Strada. This system has been built for many years. We can consider it as relatively effective at the operational level in aspects such as investigation and support for victims but it is far from sufficient at the general concept of prevention. Looking at institutional level, it is obvious that one of the law enforcement agencies existing in Poland, namely Border Guard, plays rather limited role in combating THB in comparison with its potentialities (the main actor is Police). The main causes of human trafficking in Europe, Asia or Africa are universal factors such as poverty, migration and globalization. Poland and Asian countries experienced Communism. For this reason I will try to present an example of identifying the victims of human trafficking.

Via an exploratory survey we decoded the interplay of the multiple points of attachment leading the consumer to the soccer field. Results indicate that local soccer player brands’ conceptual property which lies with the shared bond of team identification and is leveraged reciprocally, adds both to the human and the organizational brand equity.

Powder forging is used for heavy-loaded parts (rings of rolling-contact bearings, gears etc.) production. Rolling contact fatigue is material property values of which characterize possibility of practical utilization of such parts. Rolling contact fatigue of some steels obtained out of prealloyed powders Astaloy CrM, Atomet 4601, Atomet 4901 and powder blends iron-carbon-nickel by hot forging is studied in the present paper. Effect of various kinds of heat and thermomechanical treatment on rolling contact fatigue is determined. Thermomechanical treatment provides optimal values of rolling contact fatigue. In this case steel structure contains up to 40% of retained metastable austenite which is transformed to martensite on trials. Thus typically crack is generated on residual pores and non-metallic inclusions instead of martensite zones in wrought steels.

This study seeks to determine the effect of the application of accounting information system (AIS), internal control system, and human resource (HR) competency on the quality of local government financial statements (FS). This study uses agency theory and compliance theory. Agency theory is used to explain that there is a link between the society as the principal and the government as the agent. Compliance theory is a theory, which states that every agency is obliged to comply with regulations because the law-drafting authority has the right to dictate behavior. The population in this study were employees of the financial division of local government organizations in one of the districts in Central Java, Indonesia. The total samples in this study was 106 respondents. The data used are primary data taken from distributing questionnaires to respondents. The method of analysis used to test the hypothesis was multiple linear regression analysis. The results of hypothesis testing indicate that HR competency has an effect on the quality of FS; however, the application of AIS and internal control system has no effect on the quality of FS. The implication of this research underlines the importance of HR competency to improve the quality of local government FS.

This paper focuses on the fluctuations of the Self in two different versions of Modernist poetry as they are proposed by T.S. Eliot and Conrad Aiken. During their stay at Harvard, they read many of the same books and studied the same theories. Both were influenced by William James, Emerson, Bergson, Bradley, the French symbolists, and their instructor Santayana. But the same books and theories generated different modes of comprehension in them. While Eliot offered a condensed vision of philosophy in his works, Aiken tended to depict the long process of self-exploration, which at times resulted in extreme monotony in his longer poetic pieces. Eliot claimed that poetic production supersedes the poet, who functions merely as an agent of its creation; this is quite a contrast with the autobiographical method Aiken applied in his works. Eliot’s name stands for the allusive method in poetry; Aiken’s, for psychoanalytic method. Aiken endeavoured to write a perfect long poem, while Eliot strove for a distilled type of poetry with concrete, economical and exact phrasing. Despite the many differences in form and content in the two versions of Modernist poetry written by Eliot and Aiken, they shared a single vision of life as a journey that sets the personality in a constant flux and presumes a continuous development of consciousness. While Aiken was still influenced by the Neo-Romantics when he depicted the subjectivity of the persona in his early writings, Eliot’s early poetry activated the classicist idea by rendering the objective detachment of his personae.