지속적인 기후변화로 인해 매개 곤충을 통한 다양한 신종감염병이 국제적으로 확산되고 있으며, 발생빈도 또한 증가하는 추세이다. 이러한 매개질병을 관리하기 위해서는 질병을 매개하는 매개체에 대한 정보와 지속적 인 모니터링이 필요하다. 이 연구는 제3급 법정 감염병으로 지정된 중증열성혈소판감소증후근(Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome, SFTS) 및 라임병(Lyme disease) 등의 매개체로 알려져 있는 참진드기를 대상으로 충남 당진 일대에서 2018년부터 2023년까지 총 6년, 4월-11월의 기간동안 월 1회 4개의 환경(무덤, 산길, 잡목림, 초지)에서 드라이아이스 유인트랩을 사용하여 발생밀도를 조사하였다. 그 결과 2018년 16,996마리, 2019년 16,698마리, 2020년 6,417마리, 2021년 7,380마리, 2022년 3,451마리, 2023년 3,465마리로, 총 54,407마리가 채집되 었으며, 초지에서 가장 많이 채집되었다. 채집된 참진드기는 2속 3종으로 작은소피참진드기(Haemaphysalis longicornis), 개피참진드기(H. flava), 일본참진드기(Ixodes nipponensis)이며, 작은소피참진드기 (H. longicornis) 가 42,489마리(78.09%)로 높은 우점도를 보였으며, SFTS 보유 여부를 확인하기 위해 RNA 추출 및 Nested RT-PCR 단계를 걸쳐 전기영동을 수행하였으나 양성 검체는 0건으로 확인되었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 SFTS의 주요 매개 체인 참진드기 발생 양상 파악 및 매개 질병 관리 전략 수립에 기초 자료로서 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

국립기상연구소의 보고에 의하면 최근 한반도의 기온 상승으로 인해 온대내륙성 기후형에 속했던 지점은 온대해양성 기후형으로, 온대해양성 기후형은 아열대습윤 기후형으로 변화하고 있다. 이러한 한반도의 기후 변화는 환경 변인에 민감한 질병 매개 곤충의 분포와 밀도 변화에 영향을 미칠 수 있어 지속적인 모니터링이 중요하다. 이 연구는 철새도래지 내 발생 및 유입될 수 있는 모기와 관련 바이러스 감염률을 확인하기 위해 충남 당진의 철새도래지에서 BG-sentinel trap 및 LED trap을 사용하여 2021년부터 2023년까지 4-11월간 월 2회 수행하 였다. 채집된 모기는 총 3,723마리로, 4속 16종을 확인하였다. 그 중 금빛숲모기 (Aedes (Aedimorphus) vexans nipponii) 가 1,711마리(45.96%)로 가장 높은 우점도를 나타냈으며, 흰줄숲모기 (A. (Stegomyia) albopictus) 와 큰검 정들모기 (Armigeres (Armigeres) subalbatus) 각각 588마리(15.79%), 빨간집모기 (Culex (Culex) pipiens pallens) 269마리(7.23%)로 나타났다. 채집된 모기의 Flavi-virus 감염 여부를 확인하기 위해 RNA 추출 및 RT-PCR을 통해 확인하였으나, 모두 음성으로 확인되었다. 이러한 연구 결과들은 기후변화에 맞추어 변화하는 감염병 매개 모기 의 발생 현황을 감시·예측하는데 유의한 자료로 활용될 수 있으며, 향후 모기 매개 질환 발생을 예측하기 위한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

This study aims to determine the difference in preferred horticultural plants, horticultural activities, and stress-coping strategies based on Enneagram centers of intelligence in middle-aged women. Data from a convenience sample of 206 middle-aged women were analyzed using IBM SPSS (V. 25.0). The results indicated a statistically significant difference in preferred horticulture plants depending on the Enneagram centers of intelligence. The results also suggested that head- and heart-centered respondents preferred body-centered respondents preferred “foliage plants.” The second most preferred horticultural activities showed no statistically significant difference among the head, heart, and body. However, all three centers showed the strongest preference for “enjoying” among various horticultural activities, and the second most preferred activities differed as “harvesting” among head- and body-centered respondents, and “decorating” among heart-centered respondents. Moreover, a difference in stress-coping strategies was also observed. The head-centered respondents used the “problem-focused” strategy, heart-centered respondents used “hopeful thinking,” and the body-centered respondents used “pursuit of social support.” Thus, these results can be used as baseline data for developing therapeutic horticultural activities while considering the attributes of middle-aged women.

The aim of this study was first to expand participation types in the field of beauty design by examining activities in the field, and second, to seek practical methods for addressing the important issue of social responsibility amid the current pandemic situation. Accordingly, social responsibility in design was examined through a review of previous studies. The features of practice domains and design performance fields were examined comparatively. As a result, it was found that social practices take place in various sectors, with sensibility toward the environment being escalated to a new level in the cosmetics industry. In terms of cosmetics enterprise practices, collecting, recycling, manufacturing, and retail networking has been established to reuse up to 95% of waste resources. Furthermore, ethical responsibility and participation concerning product and service waste resources are recommended, resulting in the supply of eco-friendly products in a virtuous cycle. In terms of systematic policy, even component transformation (such as organic certification and excluding toxic substances) is being carried out. However, it was difficult to identify such responsible activities in Korea; thus, systematic practice is needed. Designers take part in talent donation activities, and it was the sector they prefer the most. However, it is necessary to conduct studies on limitations such as venues equipped with cosmetics procedure equipment and public cosmetics sanitation and make systematic improvement, such that activities can be led with initiative from passive participation.

We report potentiometric performances of ion-to-electron transducer based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for application of all-solid-state potassium ion sensors. A large surface area and pore structure of RGO are obtained by a hydrothermal self-assembly of graphene oxide. The extensive electrochemical characterization of RGO solid contact at the interface of ionselective membrane and gold electrode shows that the potassium ion-selective electrode based on RGO had a high sensitivity (53.34 mV/log[K+]), a low detection of limit (− 4.24 log[ K+], 0.06 mM) a good potential stability, and a high resistance to light and gas interferences. The potentiometric K+- sensor device was fabricated by combining of screen-printed electrodes and a printed circuit board. The K+- sensor device accurately measures the ion concentration of real samples of commercial sports drinks, coke and orange juice, and then transfers the collected data to a mobile application through a Bluetooth module. The screen-printed ion sensors based on RGO solid contact show a great potential for real-time monitoring and point-of-care devices in human health care, water-treatment process, and environmental and chemical industries.

실생활에서 사용되는 결제 시스템에는 전자 사인 , QR 코드, 바코드들이 사용된다. VR 환경 내에서 구현되어 있는 결제 시스템은 점점 연구가 시작되고 있다. 본 논문은 기존의 결제 시스템을 VR 환경에서 구현하기 위해 손 제스쳐 인식을 이용한 VR 전자사인 시스템을 제안한다. VR 시스템에 서는 키보드를 두드리거나 마우스를 건드릴 수 없는 상황이다. VR 컨트롤러를 가지고 결제 시스템 을 구성하기 위한 방법에는 여러 가지가 있을 수 있다. 손 제스처 인식을 이용한 전자사인이 그 중 하나인데, 손 제스쳐 인식에는 크게 Warping Methods, Statistical Methods, Template Matching 방법 으로 분류할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 Template Matching 방법에 속한 $p 알고리즘을 이용하여, VR 에서 결제 시스템을 구성하였다. 그리고, VR 환경을 조성하기 위해서 Unity3D와 Vive 장비를 이용 해서 실제 결제가 이루어지는 paypal 시스템을 구현하였다.

Modern men are much more interested in their appearance than ever before, as well as showing an increased need for uniqueness in order to construct their own sphere and pursue differentiation from others. Besides, changes in life style and the aesthetic sense are causing men to pursue various kinds of clothing benefits so that they want a suit with characteristics beyond the stereotyped design and style. They have started to be actively engaged in clothing purchases, forming a driving force for the growth of the male suit market. Hence, this study has significance in that it offers data conducive to consumers’ custom suit purchase by reviewing data on the present condition of the custom suit market and bespoke suits. In addition, it aims to give a summary on the theoretical bases of preceding studies, including the need for uniqueness, pursuit of clothing benefit and concern for the appearance of male consumers, as well as examining the factors that influence on their bespoke suit purchase intentions. Accordingly, this work intends to construct a basic environment for consumers to approach the custom suit market easily and pave the way for male suit markets through offering marketing data and information that is helpful for custom suit-related markets.

To produce 4N grade high-purity silica powder from natural ore, the mineralogical characteristics of natural silica ore were investigated and their effects on the purification process were revealed. The Chinese silica mineral ore used was composed of iron and aluminum as main impurities and calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and titanium as trace impurities; these trace impurities generally exist as either single oxides or complex oxides. It was confirmed that liberation and acidic washing of the impurities were highly dependent on the particle size of the ground silica ore and on its mineralogical characteristics such as the distribution and phases of existing impurities. It is suggested that appropriate size reduction of silica ore should be realized for optimized purification according to the origin of the natural silica ore. A single step purification process, the mechano-chemical washing (MCW) process, was proposed and verified in comparison with the conventional multi step washing process.

Microfluidics based on nanobio sensors technologies can provide convenient and accurate diagnosis tools. In this talk, we present recent developments of nanobio sensors & diagnosis chip using microfluidics, with special emphasis on disposable plastic devices format. In detail, we overview of the common methods used in the fabrication of polymer microfluidic systems, including replica and injection mold-ing. Also we explain the different methods by which on-chip operations—such as the pumping and valving of fluid flow, the mixing of different reagents, and the separation and detection of different biochemical species implemented in a microfluidic format. Finally, a few select biotechnological applications of microfluidics are presented to illustrate both the utility of this technology and its potential applications with insect models in the near future.

Indianmeal moth Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is an economical pest of stored grains and their products, causing severe loss by feeding and producing silken web containing frass and exuvia. An ectoparasitoid Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) attacks this pest as a natural enemy and induce paralysis and developmental arrest in it. At molecular level its venom induce many physiological changes in host P. interpunctella to make it suitable source of food and development for its young ones. To explore these physiological changes at molecular level in P. interpunctella, we observed expression level of different genes having different functions related to immunity, defense and development at different intervals followed by B. hebetor envenomation. Fifth instar day 5 old larvae of P. interpunctella were used in experiment. Our results showed that B. hebetor envenomation effect the gene expression differently in host P. interpunctella. This basic study will be the starting point to understand the role of envenomation in host regulation studies.

S. aureus is reported as a major cause of nosocomial infections after dental care and involved in endocarditis, bacteremia, osteomyelitis, peritonitis, and soft tissues etc. It is very important to identify the distribution and the diversity of toxin gene associated with the S. aureus expression in dental care patients with periodontitis directly for an effective prevention and treatment of dental diseases. Fifty four strains of S. aureus were isolated from the saliva of 129 patients who were diagnosed with periodontitis at dental clinics and hospitals located in Seoul. The distribution of the virulence gene and the genetic diversity of the strains were studied using the polymerase chain reaction with isolated strains. The enterotoxin test showed Seb was the most frequent gene with 88.9%. The hemolysin gene of Hla, Hib and Hld were the most frequently gene with 98.1% (53 strains), leukocidins gene of lukM showed 90.7% (49 strains), and laminin binding protein gene of Eno showed 100% (54 strains), respectively. The diversity of the enterotoxin gen was held as Seb-Seg-Sei gene of 35.2% (19 strains), the diversity of hemolysin gene of Hla-Hlb-Hld gene was 98.1% (53 strains) and the diversity of leukocidins gene of LukD-LukM were 88.9% (48 strains), respectively. Patients with dental disease showed somehow high toxin gene expression so that S. aureus in dental care area is judged to show very highly pathogen with a high and infection rate. In the future, additional studies for these toxin genes seem to be required.

Indianmeal moth Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is an important pest of stored grains products. As a natural enemy, an ectoparasitoid Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) has been used to control Lepidopteran pest insects. Venom from parasitoid female alters many physiological functions in host insects. However, mechanism of physiological response of host insects against envenomation and parasitization is not clear. Here we observed the effect of B. hebetor envenomation on the gene expression (shsp, hsp70, grp78 and hsp90) in P. interpunctella at different time intervals of post envenomation. Fifth instar day 5 larvae of P. interpunctella were used in experiment to observe the effect of envenomation. Our results showed that parasitoid envenomation affected the gene expression differently in host insect. This study will provide comprehensive insights on physiological and biochemical mechanism in host-parasitoid relationships.

This study has investigated the effect of isometric contractile force and muscle activity applying sperficial heat according to the time from the biceps brachii muscle. In this study, 20 university students participants without musculoskeletal and neurological disorders. By applying a hot pack 5min, 10min, 20min and 30min respectively. After that measurement are skin temperature, contractile force and muscle activity. Skin temperature of the hot 5 min applied that rapidly changing. Increasing the time it takes to apply a variance has been reduced(p<.001). Isometric contractile force was not statistically significant but highest when applying the hot pack 5 minutes and lowest when applying the hot pack 30 minutes(p<.001). Muscle activity and median frequency was highest when applying the hot pack 5 minutes. To analyze the above results, it was found that isometric contractile force and muscle activity changed according to the applying time. These result lead us to the conclusion that this study will be more evidence for changes in muscle contraction to apply hot pack on clinic.

The present study reports the protective properties of a total methanol extract of B. platyphylla var. japonica against ultraviolet (UV)-C irradiation. Pretreatment of Chinese hamster fibroblast (V79-4) cells with a total methanol extract significantly increased cell survival following 300J/m² of UV-C irradiation. The total methanol extract was further fractionated into 5 fractions: n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, n-butanol and water fractions. Among these fractions, B. platyphylla var. japonica ethylacetate, butanol and water fractions showed significant protective effects against the cellular damage induced by UV-C irradiation. In order to elucidate the mechanism underlying this protective effect, DPPH (Editor note: abbreviations should be spelled out at first use.) radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity were measured. Significant radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities were observed for the ethylacetate fraction. In summary, the present data demonstrate that an extract of B. platyphylla var. japonica has a significant protective effect against UV-C irradiation. The underlying mechanism of this protective effect may involve radical scavenging and inhibition of lipid peroxidation by the B. platyphylla var. japonica extract.