Companies are paying attention to project governance to realize their goal strategies, project success, and project value in a rapid and complex environment due to the development of information technology. This study aims to explore project governance and factors from literature review and practice guides related to project governance and empirically analyze the impact of project governance factors on IT project objective performance. The survey was conducted on project managers, project team members, and project management members with experience in carrying out business IT projects within two years at companies in various industries in Korea. The main conclusion is as follows. Among the project governance factors, disclosure and reporting that uses and reports using appropriate and reliable information about projects related to decision-making activities positively impact the achievement of IT project objectives: business success and stakeholder satisfaction. Among the project governance factors, project sponsorship, a role that effectively connects management and projects, and a project management framework that provides tools, procedures, resources, and techniques for projects positively impact IT project objective performance. This study is of academic and practical significance in that it identifies the definition and factors of project governance through companies in various industries in Korea and the positive impact of project governance factors on IT project objective performance.

본 연구는 설문을 통해 ‘스마트 그린오피스(Smart Green Office)’에 대해 대중의 인식과 선호도를 알아보고, 활성화를 위한 기반을 마련하고자 수행하였다. 총 195명을 대상으로 설문조사를 진행하였으며, 실내식물에 대한 인식과 ‘스마트 그린오피스’의 인식 및 선호도에 대하여 조사하였다. 설문조사 결과, 설문에 참여한 대부분의 응답자들은 실내식물을 선호하며, 접근성과 필요성에 대해 긍정적으로 답변한 것으로 조사되었다. 응답자들이 실내식물을 통해 ‘공기 질 향상(52.0%)’ 및 ‘스트레스 해소(34.0%)’등 긍정적인 효과를 경험한 적이 있기 때문에 실내식물의 기능을 인지하고 필요성을 크게 인식하는 것으로 판단된다. ‘스마트 그린오피스’의 인지도에 대해 조사한 결과, 알거나 들어본 경험이 있는 사람은 15.4%로 적었으나 개념을 설명한 후, 필요성을 느끼고 설치를 원하는 응답자들 은 90% 이상으로 조사되었다. 응답자들은 ‘공기정화(83.6%)’ 기능 때문에 ‘스마트 그린오피스’ 도입 이 필요하다고 하였으며, 오피스 내 도입 시‘공기정화 식물(70.8%)’로 이루어진 벽면형태(41.0%)’를 선호하는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한, ‘비용 (45.6%)’과 ‘유지 관리(28.2%)’등의 문제가 ‘스마트 그린오피스’ 도입 시 고려하는 점으로 조사되었으며, 설치 시 비용은 ‘200만원 이하(56.4%)’와 ‘200~450 만원(38.5%)’을 선호하는 것으로 조사되었다. ‘스마트 그린오피스’의 인식 및 선호도와 더불어 비활성화에 대한 원인을 조사한 결과, ‘낮은 인지도’ 및 ‘스 마트 그린오피스’의 개념을 인지하지 못한 ‘불필요’가 각각 25.1%와 42.6%로 조사되었으며, ‘적극적인 마케팅 및 홍보 (46.2%)와 ‘실내식물에 대한 관심도 향상(38.0%)’이 이를 해결하기 위한 방법이라고 응답하였다. 따라서, ‘스마트 그린오피스’의 올바른 의미를 알리고, 공기정화 식물로 이루어진 벽면형태의 디자인 개발 및 모델 제시와 같이 ‘스마트 그린오피스’가 활성화될 수 있도록 홍보를 통한 다양한 정보 제공 등 여러 방안 모색이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

The hypopharyngeal gland (HPG) of the honeybee worker produces royal jelly (RJ) and has a developmental cycle closely related to the division of labor. In this study, we investigated to compare the HPG acini diameter of differently aged worker bees with high royal jelly producing colony (HRC) or less producing colony (LRC). Additionally, we also evaluated whether the fresh weight of the head is a reliable indicator of the developmental status of HPG. The HRC showed a significantly higher RJ production about two-times as compared with those of the LRC. We measured the HG-diameters on days 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15. The microscopic analysis revealed that the acini size of the HRC was significantly larger than the LRC. In addition, the acini diameter of HRC was 15% longer than the LRC on the first day after emerging. It was shown that the fastest development during 3 days which is preparing for nurse the brood. The HPG acini diameters increased in both colonies in a similar fashion until day 12 and then decreased. We also compared the fresh head weight of the experimental colonies, differences were similar to the development of HPG. Therefore, high royal jelly production may have a positive correlation between HPG acini size and the fresh head weight.

It is controversial to say just what kind of role the government bureaucracy actually had in the social conversions of the Korean society. By emphasizing the 'Growth First Belief' over everything else, the quality of life and happiness of the people have always taken a backseat. In the process of rapid industrialization the unattractive mingling of special privileges and rights with the blind worshipping and idolization towards power and riches which happened has led to the creation of new terms such as 'pariah capitalism' and 'bureaucratic mafia(bureaufia)'. Concentrating the state resources and consequent choices made by the developmental state have also led to the worsening of the inequality and concentration of wealth as a result. South Korea's authoritative bureaucracy is a centralized body of the state and can be seen as the party responsible for providing the seed of the present inequality of the Korean society. This paper will look at the evolution and the effects on how ‘the growth first’ public policy had on the inequality that exists within the Korean society and contemplate upon the measures that can alleviate these problems. The paper also attempts to offer several suggestions that will lead to a fairer and more equal society. First, there should be a conversion of the goal in public administration for the better quality of life which is not of a quantitative nature of the growth. Second, there should be an execution of ‘proper’ regulations that are deemed most necessary in the most effective positions which will heal the side effects of the growth. Finally, there should be a drastic embracement and investment on the part of the social welfare administration to respond to the inevitable low birth rate and aging society.

This paper is based on the records of Jeju’s migration in the former half of the 20th Century which can be said to be a tumultuous time in Korea’s history both internally and externally. It aims to go over the background and significance of the migration. With the effort, it intends to find some evidences that may lead into reevaluating our awareness and attitude towards the Jeju Japanese as to why the Jeju people migrated to Japan during those times. What made the JeJu people go to Japan and what made it possible for them to cross over? Three main reasons were deducted from this investigation. First of all, the Jeju people’s migration to Japan was a direct result of the ‘land investigation project’ which was one of the most representative Japanese colonization policy. Secondly, we could take the direct transportation factor which made it possible for the population leak of Jeju into account. The regular passenger liner between Osaka and Japan called the Kimikayomaru(君代丸) was set up. Such launching of passenger liners is also intimately connected with the change in the labor market followed by industrialization within Japan. Finally, we could take the unique characteristics of the Jeju people’s cultural community into consideration. While other Korean Japanese from other regions form relationships by forming organizations from a province, city or county, the people from Jeju formed relationships according to villages and identified themselves with their own region.

The Ministry of National Defense designated Gangjeong Village located on the southern shores of Jeju Island as the site for the construction of a naval base in 2007. Since then, the decision has brought about severe confict among the people concerned, Navy and Jeju local government. This paper examines the issue of public interest judgment in case of public confict such as Jeju naval base construction. The fundamentals of the conflict in the case come from the justification on the part of the government’s decision. In the case of the navy, through the construction of its base, it purports the abstract concept of national security as its goal. On the other hand, it proceeded with its goal without suffcient evidence and justifcation as to why there is a need for a naval base in Jeju and why the ideal site has to be Gangjeong Village. The government (navy) is looking at the construction of the base from a national project point of view as a policy while the residents are approaching the problem from the matter of principle of community interest as a whole. This forms the fundamentals of confict and ultimately has resulted in a practical failure and postponement in the execution of the government policy. Following the Flathman’s argument, this paper has the perspective that securing justification in a public confict is the fundamental element in judging whether it is for the public interest or not. In order to do this, this paper focuses on the evidence and validity of various arguments surrounding the naval base construction and through them, look closely into the cause and effect of public confict and ultimately the alternative meaning of public interest. In addition, it seeks to point out the limits of policy approaches and conficts that appear due to differences in opinions regarding public interest when dealing with public issues that are lacking in values.

A new standard rose cultivar 'White Christmas' was bred from the cross between red standard cultivar 'Red Queen' and pink standard cultivar 'Vivaldi' at the National Horticulture Research Institute. The cross was made in 2001 and `White Christmas' was finally selected in 2006 after investigating characteristics for three years from 2003 to 2006. 'White Christmas', a white standard cultivar grows vigorously and has good flower shape. The major characteristics of this cultivar are 123.8 stems/m2/year in yield, 82.3 cm in length of cut flower, 11.0 cm in flower diameter, 60.1 in petal number, and 12.2 days in vase life. This cultivar can be propagated by both cutting and grafting. The consumer's preference of this cultivar is relatively higher than that of control cultivar, 'Tineke'.

A new standard rose cultivar 'Magic Pink' was bred from the cross between light yellow standard cultivar 'Medeo' and pink standard cultivar 'Veronica' at the National Horticulture Research Institute. The cross was made in 2001 and 'Magic Pink' was finally selected in 2006 after investigating characteristics for three years from 2003 to 2006. 'Magic Pink', a pink standard cultivar grows vigorously and has fashionable flower color. The major characteristics of this cultivar are 184.8 stems/m2/year in yield, 63.0cm in length of cut flower, 7.2 cm in flower diameter, 28.5 in petal number, and 10.4 days in vase life. This cultivar can be propagated by both cutting and grafting. The consumer's preference of this cultivar is relatively higher than that of control cultivar, 'Noblesse'.

spray cultivar “Yellow Mimi” at the National Horticulture Research Institute. The cros was made in 199 and the “Suny Lady”was finaly selected in 2003 after investigating characteristics for thre years from 2001 to 2003. “Sunny Lady”, a yellow spray2/year

orange-red standard cultivar “Baroness” at the National Horticulture Research Institute. It was crossed in 20 and finally selectedin 2004 after the investigation of the characteristics for three years from 202 to 204. “Pearl Red”, red standard flower, has