본 연구는 민간시장의 절화 유통 현황을 조사하여 국내 절 화 시장 유통 및 판매의 기초 자료로 제공하고자 수행하였다. 조사 기간은 2022년 5월부터 10월까지이며, 민간시장 내 판 매 점포 수, 취급 품목, 수입국 및 품목 등을 비교 및 분석하 였다. 민간시장은 서울 서초구 반포동에 위치한 강남터미널 꽃시장을 대상으로 판매 품목 및 수입 국가 등을 조사하였고, 비교 대상인 공영시장의 경우 한국농수산식품유통공사 화훼 유통정보에서 제공되는 양재동 화훼공판장 거래 품목을 조사 하였다. 조사 결과, 민간시장의 월별 절화 판매 점포 수는 평 균 143개였다. 민간시장에서는 5월을 제외하고 장미 판매 매 장이 가장 많았다. 5월에는 카네이션 판매 매장이 가장 많았 으며 장미, 리시안셔스, 거베라가 그 뒤를 이었다. 민간시장 점포 내 수입 품목의 원산지는 호주, 중국, 콜롬비아, 이스라 엘, 이탈리아, 일본, 네덜란드, 페루, 남아프리카 공화국, 미 국, 베트남 등으로 조사되었다. 취급 품목은 민간시장이 69개 로 공영시장 18개에 비해 약 3.8배 많았으며, 이는 민간시장에서 수입 절화가 더 많이 유통되고 있음을 시사한다. 민간시 장은 공영시장과 달리 유통 정보를 알 수 있는 시스템이 없어 소비자들이 제품의 원산지, 품질, 가격 등을 파악하기 어렵다. 따라서, 민간시장의 절화 유통 정보를 소비자들에게 정확히 제공할 필요가 있으며, 이를 통한 투명한 거래 제공 및 소비자 의 신뢰도를 높이는 것이 중요하다.

기후 변화의 가속화로 국내 제주 및 남부 지방을 중심으로 열대 및 아열대 작물의 재배 및 소비가 증가하는 추세이다.오크라는 식용적 가치가 있을 뿐만 아니라, 품종별 고유의 꼬 투리와 잎의 색은 관상적 가치가 있어 조경 식물로 많이 사용 되고 있다. 본 연구는 도심 내 옥상 온실에 관상식물인 오크 라를 도입하기 위해 피트모스와 펄라이트 비율에 따른 기초 종자 발아 및 육묘기 실험을 진행하였다. 피트모스와 펄라이 트 비율은 PT:PL=1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 4:1 네 가지로 조성하였다. 발 아율은 파종 후 7일차부터 다른 처리구에 비해 피트모스:펄라 이트=1:2의 처리구에서 가장 높았다. 파종 후 28일차와 70일 차에 줄기길이, 경경, 뿌리길이, 지상부와 지하부의 생체중과 건물중 그리고 엽면적은 피트모스:펄라이트=1:2 처리구에서 가장 높았다. 그러나, 파종 후 56일 이후부터 엽수는 피트모 스:펄라이트=1:2, 2:1, 4:1 처리구에서 감소하였다. 피트모스: 펄라이트=1:1, 2:1, 4:1 처리구에서 식물이 필요로 하는 피트 모스의 비율이 지나치게 높아 높은 피트모스 비율로 인하여 수분함수량이 과도하게 높아 식물이 고사한 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 오크라를 관상식물로 활용하기 위해서는 피트모스와 펄라이트를 1:2로 혼합한 배지가 가장 적합하다.

Ficus carica L. (common fig), one of the first plants cultivated by humans, originated in the Mediterranean basin and currently grows worldwide, including southwest Asia and South Korea. It has been used as a traditional medicine for treatment of metabolic, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases as well as hemorrhoids and skin infections. Its pharmacological properties have recently been studied in detail, but research on the anti-cancer effect of its latex has been only been studied on a limited basis on several cell lines, such prostate cancer, breast cancer, and leukemia. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer activity of the latex of Ficus carica L.and its underlying mechanism in FaDu human hypopharynx squamous carcinoma cells. (See Ed. note above) We confirmed through SDS-PAGE analysis and gelatinolytic activity analysis that the latex of Ficus carica contains cysteine protease ficin. Our data showed that the latex inhibited cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the latex treatment markedly induced apoptosis in FaDu cells as determined by FACS analysis, elevated expression level of cleaved caspase-9, -3 and PARP (poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase), and. increased the expression of Bax (pro-apoptotic factor) while decreasing the expression of Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic factor). Taken together, these results suggested that latex containing the ficin inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis by caspase and the Bcl-2 family signaling pathway in FaDu human hypopharynx squamous carcinoma cells. These findings point to the potential of latex of Ficus carica to provide a novel chemotherapeutic drug due to its growth inhibition effects and induction of apoptosis in human oral cancer cells.

배경/목적: 바터팽대부에서 발생하는 선암종은 드문 질환으로 항암화학요법에 대한 연구가 부족하다. 본 연구에서 진 행성 바터팽대부 선암종 환자에서 XELOX 병합요법의 효능 및 안전성을 분석하고자 한다. 방법: 2006년 10월부터 2014년 1월까지 국립암센터에서 XELOX 병합요법으로 치료한 바터팽대부 선암종 환자 28명 을 대상으로 후향적으로 분석하였다. 모든 환자는 진단 당시 전이성 또는 재발한 바터팽대부 선암종 환자이었다. XELOX 병합요법은 외래에서 3주마다 다음과 같은 프로토콜에 따라 투여되었다. 치료 시작 1-14일에 하루 2회 카페시타빈 750 mg/m2를 경구 투여하고, 1일에 옥살리플라틴 130 mg/m2을 정맥 주사하였다. 결과: 24.6개월(범위 4.8-78개월)의 중앙 추적관찰 기간에서 중앙 무진행 생존 기간은 4.8개월(범위 0.7-18.0개월)이었고, 중앙 생존 기간은 11.9개월(범위 2.0–26.1개월)이었다. 1명의 환자(4%)가 완전 관해를 얻었고, 5명의 환자(18%)는 부분 관 해를 보였다. 무진행 생존 기간와 전체 생존 기간에서 항암화 학요법 반응 여부에 따른 차이는 없었다. 환자에서 가장 흔한 3등급의 이상 반응은 메스꺼움과 구토였다(10.7%). 치료와 관 련된 사망은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론: XELOX 요법은 전이 혹은 재발 바터팽대부 선암종에서 비교적 낮은 독성의 발현과 중등도 효과를 보이는 치료법이다.

Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffm. is a perennial herb found widely distributed in various regions of Korea, Europe, and New Zealand. The root of A. sylvestris have been extensively used in the treatment for antitussive, antipyretic, cough remedy in Oriental medicine, but the physiologically active function of the leaf of A. sylvestris is as yet unknown. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer activity and the mechanism of cell death of water extracts of leaf of Anthriscus sylvestris (WELAS), on human FaDu hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. Our data showed that WELAS treatment inhibited cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. In addition, the treatment of WELAS markedly induced apoptosis in FaDu cells, as determined by the viability assay, DAPI stain and FACS analysis. WELAS also increased the proteolytic cleavage of procaspase-3, -9 and PARP (poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase). In addition, exposure to WELAS decreased the expression of Bcl-2 (an anti-apoptotic factor), but increased the expression of Bax (a pro-apoptotic factor), suggesting that mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways are mediated in WELAS-induced apoptosis. Taken together, these results indicate that water extracts of leaf of A. sylvestris inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway in FaDu human hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. Therefore, we propose that the water extracts of leaf of A. sylvestris is a novel chemotherapeutic drug, having growth inhibitory properties and induction of apoptosis in human oral cancer cells.

The present study was conducted on 200 food handlers employed at restaurants with open-kitchens in Seoul to evaluate their food sanitation knowledge levels and practices. A majority of participants (88%) replied that open-kitchens are more hygienic than common kitchens due to the sanitary cooking process. The correct answer rate was 94.3% for sanitation of instruments and utensils and environmental sanitation, whereas food handling sanitation (66.8%) was ranked at the bottom among food sanitation knowledge. Total scores of food sanitation knowledge were significantly influenced by education level and ages of food handlers (p<0.001). Personal hygiene knowledge level of food handlers regarding institutional food service was higher than that of food handlers at restaurants and bakeries (p<0.001). Food sanitation practices scores showed significant differences in personal hygiene (p<0.001) and environmental sanitation (p<0.05) according to certificate possession. As the result of correlation analysis between food sanitation knowledge and practices, there was no significantly positive correlation, whereas a significant positive correlation was observed between knowledge of food handling and personal hygiene practices (p<0.05). The results show need for improvement in both knowledge and practice levels of open-kitchen food handlers. Consistent and customized food sanitation education program should be developed to protect against food poisoning at open-kitchen restaurants.

본 연구는 흑자색 알곡 품종으로 등록된 색소 2호 옥수수 알곡의 일반성분 및 색소 함량을 분석하여 기초자료로 제공하고자 수행되었다. 색소 2호 알곡의 일반성분 분석결과, 수분, 조회분, 조지방, 조단백질은 각각 8.84%, 1.44%, 5.46%, 10.31%이었다. 색소 2호 알곡의 유리당 성분으로 fructose, glucose, maltose 및 sucrose가 검출되었으며, 함량은 sucrose (1.00%) > glucose (0.63%) > maltose (0.52%) > fructose (0.44%) 순이었다. 색소 2호 알곡의 지방산 분석결과 총 11종의 지방산이 검출되었으며 포화 지방산과 불포화 지방산의 비율은 16.09 : 83.91로 linoleic acid가 50.86%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 색소 2호 알곡 추출물의 총 안토시아닌 함량은 0.24%였고, 알곡 추출물을 HPLC-MS/MS로 분석한 결과 색소 2호 알곡에 함유된 안토시아닌 색소는 C-3-G, Pg-3-G, Pn-3-G인 것으로 확인되었다.

혼합 간세포-담관암종은 조직학적 특성이 다양한 원발성 간암의 드문 형태이다. 혼합 간세포-담관암종의 근치적 치료 법은 수술적 절제가 유일하나, 진행성 혼합 간세포-담관암종의 치료에 대해서는 잘 정립되어 있지 않다. 저자들은 진행성 혼합 간세포-담관암종에서 선행항암화학요법을 시행 후 근치적 수술이 가능하였고, 수술 15개월 후까지 재발을 보이지 않은 증례를 보고하는 바이다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between the stature and the muscle performance ratings and the subjective discomfort rations at performing lower arm's pronation and supination according to change sin the height of working table for more efficient performance at designing a working table and performing a work. For the purpose, this study conducted an experiment targeting 40 people in their 20s, who were classified into 4 groups each group composing 10 people at intervals of 5cm from the standard stature of 166.5cm. The experiment measured the maximum isometric pronation and the supination muscular power, and at measuring the factors, the heights of working tables were set as 800mm, 850mm, and 900mm. From the measurement results, it was found that the stature and the maximum muscular power was correlated. That is, as the experiment groups's average stature is higher, the maximum muscular power was higher. For the correlation between the motion patterns(pronation and supination) and the maximum muscular power, it was seen that the maximum muscular power was higher at performing the pronation than the supination. In the correlation between motion patterns and the subjective discomfort ratings, it was seen that the subjective discomfort rating was higher at performing the supination than the pronation. For the correlation between height adjustment and the subjective discomfort ratings, as the height of working table was lower, the subject discomfort rating was lower. Therefore there was no difference in the maximum muscular power according to the height changes of working table, but it was found that as the working table was higher, the user felt more comfortable.

본 연구는 환경스트레스 저항성이 증진된 페튜니아를 개발하기 위하여 NDPK2유전자 도입 형질전환 계통 NDPK2-7-1와 SOD2 유전자 도입 형질전환 계통 SOD2- 2-1-1-35간의 교잡에 의해 획득된 후대들의 비생물적 스트레스 저항성을 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 비 생물적 스트레스 유발원인 메틸바이올로젠(methyl viologen, MV) 100 μM과 200 μM 처리에서 교잡후대들은 그들의 교배 모본 SOD2 유전자나 NDPK2 유전자가 단독으로 도 입된 형질전환 계통이나 비형질전환체 보다 메틸바이 올로젠에 의한 피해를 적게 받았다. 이는 SOD2 유전 자나 NDPK2 유전자가 단독으로 도입된 형질전환 계 통간 교잡에 의해 획득된 후대들이 그들의 교배모본 (SOD2 유전자나 NDPK2 유전자가 단독으로 도입된 형질전환 계통)이나 비형질전환체 보다 산화적 스트레 스에 대한 저항성이 증진되었음을 증명해 준다고 할 수 있다. 이들 교잡후대들은 초장 등 11종류의 양적형질의 특성이 비형질전환체에 비해 약간 길거나 짧긴 하였지 만 비형질전환체와 거의 유사하였으며, 꽃 색갈이나 모양 또한 그들의 교배모본 (SOD2 유전자나 NDPK2 유전 자가 단독으로 도입된 형질전환 계통)이나 비형질전환 체와 차이가 없었다.

In using both hands, everyone dominantly use one hand and it is called left-handedness or right-handedness person. Measurements of grip and pinch strength provide objective indexes to represent functional integrity of the upper extremity. This study was conducted for thirty female college students(19 right-handedness and 11 lefthandedness). For assessment of the type of handedness, questionnaire was used; for grip strength, Jamar dynamometer was used; for pinch strength, Jamar pinch gauge was used. In right handedness, the grip and pinch strength of the dominant right hand was significantly higher than those of the non-dominant hand. In addition, regular exercises were shown to give influences on reduction of strength gaps between dominant and non-dominant hands. In both groups of left and right handedness, the grip and pinch strength of the dominant hand were significantly higher than those of the non-dominant hand, and regular exercises were shown to give influences on reduction of strength gaps between dominant and non-dominant hand.

The influence of digital media according to environmental change of multi-media came to have significance more than what we imagine. In accordance with high resolution of HDTV in digital media era, the cautious awareness is required for skin color by the immediate color such as replica of TV color, lighting and clothing. As for the broadcasting makeup expression technique caused by a change in broadcasting environment in the digital media era, the first, There is necessity for natural makeup technique, and for expressing the whole makeup evenly and very delicately. The makeup work gets much more delicate. For the delicate expression, more time is being required than the existing makeup time. Second, Lots of time and manpower are required for elaborate real-object processing on all the production fields such as background set, stage properties, and makeup. Third, Realistic expression is available on the screen. Importance of basic makeup is highlighted. Thus, even the skin care shop came to be prevalent. Development in only HD cosmetics is needed for foundation with fine particle in new material and with diverse colors hereafter. The video-media field is a method that is ignored a sense of distance through vehicles such as camera, picture tube, and several kinds of broadcasting machinery and equipment and that is delivered vividly to viewers through screen, unlike the stage makeup, thereby being needed the makeup technology proper for HDTV according to the changing broadcasting environment and media. The video machinery and equipment are proceeding with being gradually high-tech and precise. Thus, an expert in makeup needs to know common sense on the video machinery and equipment before makeup, and needs to make an effort according to it. And, a follow-up research can be said to be necessary on the advance in makeup method and on more diverse dedicated cosmetics along with a research on color tone proper for HDTV.

The digital era in the 21st century is globalized and is collapsed boundary among countries, thereby being able to be said to be characterized most largely by proceeding with being a form like a federation and EU. A change into digital era brought about a change in all the aspects of human behavior and culture, not a change simply in temporal significance and technological significance. In recent days, all the services came to be possibly used the integrated device with the same network owing to innovation of communication technology, which is represented by digital, network, and internet. Now, the broadcasting industry, computer industry, and communication industry are exceeding the peculiar sphere by being mutually merged. Each of industrial sector centering on internet is showing the phenomenon of being united. The hybrid trend, which was formed by phenomenon in the complex digital media society, tended to be indicated in fashion and makeup design. As the digital media era was generated, the hybrid trend induced a change into society in open and horizontal idea. It came to be known that there is independent trend in each field even while organically working in the middle of the whole frame that fashion and makeup express a human being's external beauty. This implies that makeup is not what is always influenced by fashion as an accessory in fashion and a supplementary role, but what can show its contrary phenomenon. This study examined characteristics, which are shown in fashion and makeup due to hybrid influence with greeting the digital media era. This study was carried out in order to be conducive to objective data available for giving help to the future direction and marketing data in product of the relevant businesses, through the results of this study.