목적 : 디지털 시기능 훈련용 게이밍 프로그램을 사용하여 대상자의 시기능 훈련 후 양안시기능의 변화를 조사 하였다. 방법 : 본 연구는 전신질환, 안과적 질환, 과거 수술력이 없고 사시 진단을 받지 않은 신체 건강한 성인 25명(남 자 14명, 여자 11명)을 대상으로 하였다. 언리얼 엔진을 기반으로 한 게이밍 프로그램은 시기능을 강화 및 훈련하 기 위한 목적으로 개발되었다. 모든 피검자에게 디지털 시기능 훈련용 프로그램을 한달 동안 일주일 2회, 30분간 시행하여 훈련을 진행하였다. 결과 : 디지털 시기능 훈련 전과 후의 조절근점은 13.08±2.26 cm에서 10.15±3.41 cm으로 향상되었다. 조절 용이성은 12.05±1.20회에서 9.78±1.32회로 개선되어 선명하게 초점을 맺는데 시간이 단축되었다(p<0.050). 버 전스용이성(Vergence facillity)은 12.89±2.34 회에서 9.14±1.75 회로 통계적으로 유의하게 향상되었다(p< 0.050). 외사위도는 –2.48±2.56 Δ(exo.)에서 -1.07±1.23 Δ(exo.)으로 외사위량이 통계학적으로 유의하게 감소 하였고(p<0.050) 양성융합버전스 분리점은 21.99±4.26 Δ에서 24.55±2.89 Δ으로 개선되었고 음성융합버전스 분리점은 평균 17.57±2.12 Δ에서 18.69±1.60 Δ으로 약 0.1 Δ이 소폭 증가하였다. 결론 : 디지털 시기능 훈련으로 연구 대상자들의 외사위도가 감소하였고 조절력, 조절 및 버전스 용이성과 안구 운동성 능력이 개선되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 디지털 시기능 훈련은 안구 운동성 기능과 양안시기능이 중요한 직군 의 사람들에게 도움을 줄 수 있고 다양하게 활용될 수 있는 활용가치 및 잠재력을 가지고 있다.

The present study was carried out to revise the species of Chlaeniini in Carabidae from South Korea, using both classic taxonomy and molecular analysis. Another aim is to decide the taxonomic position of Chlaenius micans Fabricius of which subgeneric status in the genus has been in question. As a part of the results, Chlaenius spathulifer Bates, 1873 was newly recognized to Korean insect fauna. With this new addition Korean Chlaeniini contains now in total 34 species and two genera. Molecular analyses using CO1 sequences of representative species for six subgenera in Chlaenius were conducted to determine the position of C. micans. The result of the analyses suggested that C. micans did not belong to the subgenus Achlaenius where C. micans had been doubtfully positioned despite distinct morphological differences from the other four species of the variicornis-group (C. sericimicans, C. variicornis, C. kurosawai and C. ocreatus) in the subgenus. This study provids a key to species, photos of adult habitus, photos of male genitalia and redescriptions of 28 Korean species in Chlaeniini.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences fatty acids and hormonal parameters in the spawning and non-spawning season between the diploid and induced triploid Far Eastern catfish, Silurus asotus. The measured triploids were produced by cold shock for 50 min at 4℃ in May 2014, the spawning season of diploid was in May, and the nonspawning season was designated in January. Estradiol and testosterone and gonadosomatic index of diploid were higher than those of induced triploid in spawning season (P<0.05), and those of diploid in spawning season were higher than nonspawning season. On the other hand, thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroxine of induced triploid were higher than those of diploid in spawning season (P<0.05). Erythrocyte count of diploid was higher than that of induced triploid in spawning season and non-spawning seasons. Mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin of induced triploid were higher than those of diploid in both seasons (P<0.05). Percentages of total saturated fatty acids and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids of induced triploid were higher than those of diploid in spawning season, but those of diploid were higher in non-spawning season (P<0.05). Percentages of total mono unsaturated fatty acids and total n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids of diploid were higher than those of induced triploids in spawning season, while those of induced triploid in non-spawning season were higher (P<0.05). Therefore, induced triploids in the spawning season tend to concentrate on growth and lipid-synthesization, whereas, diploids concentrate on reproduction and gonadal maturation rather than on growth. In non-spawning season, growth and lipid- synthesization were not significantly different between diploid and induced triploid.

This study was designed to identify citizens’ awareness and satisfaction of Green Roof Projects (GRPs) in Changwon City, South Korea. Changwon City implemented a “Green Roof Promotion Planning” project according to the city’s codes and regulations from 2009 to 2011. The project introduced guidelines for ecological area rates and provided financial subsidies for the green roofing of private buildings. A citizens’ survey shows that 64.8 percent of respondents have a positive awareness of GRPs and think the projects’ priority should be on public buildings and commercial/office buildings. About 43.1 percent of green roof users were satisfied with green roofing in terms of housing improvement and energy saving. However, 34.6 percent of green roof users were not satisfied with regard to plant management. Educational level made a statistically meaningful difference in terms of the awareness of the project’s needs and participatory spirit. Statistics of the survey showed that citizens’ attitude of participation spirit was influenced by the increase in value of a building, green space expansion, and ecosystem conservation. However, their satisfaction was determined by housing improvements. The results of this survey call for a deliberate policy effort on the part of Changwon City to increase the projects’awareness, satisfaction, and participation

JAK2 V617F mutation is a common event in chronic myeloproliferative disorders. However, de novo acute myeloid leukemia with JAK2 V617F is rarely encountered. The authors report the case of a 74-year-old male with de novo acute myeloblastic leukemia without maturation (AML M1) and a JAk2 V617F heterozygotic mutation. Despite treatment with standard AML regimens, the patient died 2 months after a diagnosis of acute leukemia. This case of an AML patient with a JAK2 V617F mutation with a poor prognosis suggests that despite its rarity, a JAK2 V617F mutational study be considered for prognostic purposes in AML.