The purpose of this study was to analyze trends in sustainable fashion research and to guide its the development by examining previous research projects conducted by the UK Centre for Sustainable Fashion. A literature review and case studies were conducted from which the following results were identified. It was shown that the CSF has cooperated with fashion, arts and technology businesses and other external organizations. The CSF has contributed to improving the economic durability of the fashion industry, the convergence of both local and the international fashion communities, and the development of cultural sustainability. Moreover, it incorporates various academic fields into its research and has developed advanced researching methods for sustainable fashion. The CSF has embraced the new perspectives by utilizing student ideas for the development of sustainable fashion. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, the CSF studied the sustainability of fashion from a more organic perspective through multidisciplinary research. Second, it has expanded the possibility of sustainable fashion research through research formats, research fields and research operations. Finally, it has evoked values and responsibilities that the fashion industry should pursue in modern society and has become an exemplary case of sustainable fashion research, providing creative studies for sustainable fashion research in the future.

사내하도급의 증가는 기업의 생산방식 및 작업조직의 변화와 함께 고용관계 전반에 영향을 미친다. 본고는 현대자동차 울산공장 사례를 통해서 사내하청이 주요 생산공정에 도입되면서 나타나는 작업장 변화를 고용관계와 노동자의 권리 측면에서 조사하였다. 또한 전통적인 양자 간의 고용관계와는 다른 원청기업과 하청업체의 관리적 통제를 받는 하청노동자의 고용에 따른 기회와 취약성을 파악하고, 사내하청에 내재된 고용관계의 모순적 본질을 분석하였다. 사내하도급을 통한 간접고용의 활용은 제한된 고용기간 및 차별적 임금, 근로조건에 더불어 양자간 고용관계에서 형성되었던 법적, 제도적 규제에서 벗어난 노동자 권리와 의무의 불명확성을 야기한다. 따라서 사내하도급이 도입된 작업장에서 비정규직 근로자들은 간접고용 및 분절된 고용체계, 노사관계로 인해 노동조합 가입과 권리 대변이 제약되는 구조적 문제에 처해있다. 본고는 사내하청의 활용과정에서 나타나는 노동조합 조직의 변화, 정규직 노 조의 대응, 정규-비정규 근로자 간의 갈등구조에 대해 살펴보았다. 기업별 노조형태에서 비정규직 근로 자가 직면하는 노조 참여의 어려움과 정규직-비정규직 노조의 협력 및 대립, 갈등문제를 구체적으로 밝히면서, 본고는 비정규직 노조 제약요건과 권리보호에는 다양한 작업장 행위자의 역할과 상호 간의 역학관계가 밀접히 연관되어 있음을 제시하였다.

Failure mode and effects analysis(FMEA) is popular approach applied to examine potential failures in equipment designs and maintenance of equipments. Risk Priority Number(RPN) is used as an index for the criticality of fault modes in FMEA and RCM(reliability centered maintenance). Traditional RPN approach does not have much credit as a index for the criticality because it does not reflect their experience and the governing logic is apart from their knowledge. Multiple Criteria Decision Method(MCDM) is a proven approach applied to evaluate multiple conflicting criteria in decision making. MCDM can be applied as a tool for RPN evaluation. This study was carried out to investigate application of Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP) in evaluating RPN.

본 논문은 자발적 지리정보인 오픈스트리트맵(OpenStreetMap, OSM)을 활용하여 중학교 자유학기제의 지도 수업과 학생 활동을 분석한 연구이다. 본 연구를 통해 지도 수정과 편집이 자유로운 오픈스트리트맵을 활용하여 학생들이 직접 지도 편집을 수행하고 중학교 자유학기제 수업에 적용할 수 있는 학생 활동 및 수행 평가 내용을 제안하였다. 이를 위해 총 8차시의 주제선택 활동을 계획하였고, 지형지물의 위치, 굴곡, 형태, 크기, 면적에 대해 학생들은 점, 선, 면의 지도 기호를 사용하여 지도 입력과 수정. 편집 활동을 진행하였다. 학생 활동 평가를 위해 학생들의 지도 정보 입력 및 편집 활동 결과 내용을 분석하고 이를 다섯 단계의 지도 습득 수준으로 분류하여 각 활동 수준의 특성을 살펴보았다. 이러한 논의를 바탕으로 본 연구는 인터넷 지도와 모바일 기기의 지도 활용 환경을 감안하여 학생 주도의 디지털 지도 학습과 지도 교육 관련 연구의 필요성을 제기하고자 한다.

이 연구의 주된 목적은 중소도시 내부 인구이동의 패턴을 주택 시장의 특성과 연관 지어 분석하는 것이다. 전국 시･군 단위의 인구이동을 살펴본 결과 지역 중심지에 해당하는 도시들은 시･군의 경계를 넘지 않는 내부이동 비중이 상대적으로 높게 나타나고 있다. 이 도시들은 아파트 비율이 높을 뿐만 아니라 인구이동 사유에서 주택 요인이 차지하는 비중이 높은 특징을 가지고 있다. 내부이동의 비중이 높은 강릉시를 사례 지역으로 하여 내부이동의 공간 패턴을 주택 시장에 초점을 두어 분석하였다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 강릉시는 2014년 이후 신축 아파트 공급이 크게 늘어나면서 인구의 내부이동 비중이 더 높아졌는데, 이 과정에서 아파트 공급이 집중된 곳은 높은 양의 순이동을 기록한 반면 기존의 인구중심지는 큰 음의 순이동을 나타냈다. 둘째, 내부이동에 대한 OD 분석 결과 아파트 공급지로의 지배적 흐름이 강릉시 전역에서 광범위하게 나타났으며, 그 하위에는 인구 유출이 많았던 기존 중심지로 유입되는 소규모의 흐름이 관찰되었다. 셋째, 주택가격과 내부이동 간의 연관성을 살펴보면 전출지에 비해 주택가격이 더 비싼 곳으로 이동하는 경향이 훨씬 강하게 나타났다. 이 연구는 거의 주목받지 못한 중소도시 내부이동을 다루고 있을 뿐만 아니라 그 특성이 수도권 혹은 대도시에서의 이동과는 이질적일 수 있음을 밝히고 있다는 점에서 시사하는 바가 크다.

The aim of this study is develop a state-funded education and training curriculum to contribute to the development of the fashion industry infrastructure. This will be achieved based on the service sector by the competitive clothing sales personnel and fashion startups. The study was conducted using a qualitative research method. The participants were 20 representatives of fashion-related companies and employees from one traditional market and two fashion outlets in Seogu, Gwangju. Data was collected from September 2015 to January 2017 by demand surveys and in-depth interviews. These were conducted on the same day at each clothing store office. In addition, existing literature was also reviewed. The collected data were first summarized into 64 meaning units from which three themes were derived by arranging, classifying, and analyzing the data. The findings of the study are as follows. First, the education and training curriculum for fashion job creation is aimed at job-oriented field-types with the objective of cultivating professional skills for online to offline fashion professionals. Second, the curriculum for fashion advisors was developed to consisted of 8 courses of 150 hours, including job knowledge, a foreign language, fashionspecific knowledge, fashion marketing & VMD, store management know-how, clothing repair, field trip, and internship. Third, the curriculum for fashion entrepreneurs consisted of 8 courses of 106 hours, including entrepreneurship, fashion practice, startup, field trip, finance & taxation accounting, marketing, social enterprise course, and internship.

A heavy (93 mm hr−1) rainfall event accompanied by lightning occurred over Gangneung in the Yeongdong region of South Korea on August 6, 2018. This study investigated the underlying mechanism for the heavy rainfall event by using COMS satellite cloud products, surface- and upper-level weather charts, ECMWF reanalysis data, and radiosonde data. The COMS satellite cloud products showed rainfall exceeding 10 mm hr−1, with the lowest cloud-top temperature of approximately −65oC and high cloud optical thickness of approximately 20-25. The radiosonde data showed the existence of strong vertical wind shear between the upper and lower cloud layers. Furthermore, a strong inversion in the equivalent potential temperature was observed at a pressure altitude of 700 hPa. In addition, there was a highly developed cloud layer at a height of 13 km, corresponding with the vertical analysis of the ECMWF data. This demonstrated the increased atmospheric instability induced by the vertical differences in equivalent potential temperature in the Yeongdong region. Consequently, cold, dry air was trapped within relatively warm, humid air in the upper atmosphere over the East Sea and adjacent Yeongdong region. This caused unstable atmospheric conditions that led to rapidly developing convective clouds and heavy rainfall over Gangneung.

한국 정부는 2012년에 ’목재의 지속가능한 이용에 관한 법률’을 제정하고 합법벌채된 목재 또는 목재제품의 유통·이용에 대한 국가차원의 관리체계를 마련하였다. 이를 위해 산림청은 세부 시행체계를 마련하고 제도의 실효성을 높이기 위해 다음과 같이 노력을 기울여 왔다. 1.산업계에 미칠 영향을 사전 조사하고 의견 수렴 2.정부·공공기관·연구기관(산림청, 한국임업진흥원, 국립산림 과학원, 순서대로)으로 구성된 태스크 포스팀 조직, 로드 맵 제시 3.제도에 대한 인지도와 참여의사에 관한 조사 수행 4.우선 대상 품목 선정, 시범운영 기간 동안 단계별로 적용 품목 확대 5.관세청의 전자통관시스템과 산림청의 목재자원관리시스템을 연계, 이중 행정절차 간소화 및 수입검사 기능 전산화 실현 6.국가별 표준가이드 및 사전진단서비스를 제공, 영세한 수입업자를 보호하는 제도적 장치 마련. 끝으로 합법목재 교역촉진제도의 정착을 위해 선행되어야 할 네 가지 사항을 아래와 같이 정리하였다. 1.국가 차원의 제도 조기정착을 위한 정책적 지원역할 강화 2.제도 활성화를 위한 인센티브 마련과 사후관리 필요 3.국내·외 조성된 목재자원의 유통, 이용을 위한 시스템 활용 확대 4.민관 협력체계와 시민사회 모니터링이 활성화될 수 있는 환경 조성.

페르시아 전쟁(기원전 490-479년)을 시작으로 알렉산드로스 대왕의 죽음(기원전 323년) 에 이르기까지 크고 작은 전투와 전쟁이 끊임없이 벌어졌던 그리스의 전장에 세워진 트로파이온에는 고전기 그리스인들의 전쟁과 승리에 대한 관념이 담겨있다. 그리스의 초기 트로파이온은 전장에 전쟁의 승패가 결정된 직후에 세워진다는 특징을 갖는다. 그리고 그것을 세움으로써 승자는 신들에 대한 감사를 표현하고 미래의 전투에 대한 승리를 담보하고자 하였다. 동시에 이것은 전우들과 승리의 기억을 공유하고, 적군에게는 패배를 시각적으로 각인시킴으로써 그들의 잠재적인 도발의 의지를 상실하게 만드는 마지막 전략이기도 하였다. 본 연구에서 살펴본 기원전 5세기의 도기들과 아테나 니케 신전의 난간을 장식한 부조는 그러한 전술의 기록이다.

With YouTube’s overwhelming share of the market, research on analyzing the types of content on YouTube is essential. An analysis of major global fashion YouTubers that the types of video content could be largely classified into three main categories: Fashion, beauty and daily life. The fashion category was subdivided into styling and fashion product review content type. The beauty category was subdivided into tutorials, beauty product reviews, and beauty tip content types. The daily life category was subdivided into daily sharing, consultation, and Q & A content types. Video content within fashion YouTuber channels is accompanied by expertise in fashion and beauty. At the same time, videos on daily life are uploaded, and through interactive communication with viewers, YouTubers form an intimate bond with subscribers. Content emphasizing entertainment, not just information delivery that introduces fashion products, is attracting growing interest among subscribers. This study analyzed the content of the increasingly popular fashion YouTuber channels and determined its important characteristics. The study makes a significant contribution to academic research by laying a foundation for future studies of YouTube content in the fashion field. Since differences in country of birth and race among YouTubers may influence content production, follow-up research will be conducted on the types and characteristics of domestic fashion YouTubers.

This study defines the concept of the fashion meme, which has recently emerged as a fashion trend, influential fashion keyword. After analyzing the concepts and characteristics of traditional memes from prior studies, examples of fashion memes were collected from online community and social network services, while a literature study and case study analysis were conducted in parallel drawing on related articles and journals. Modern fashion memes refer to fashion-related symbols and fashion images that are spread online by word-of-mouth, together with fashion styles and items that spread as a result of being worn. Fashion memes in cyberspace are mainly spread through social network or message services, and sometimes combine text, images, videos, hashtags, and emoticons. Fashion memes are a type of collective action of the people in response to social problems in the world, and often involve humorous antics, satire, shock, and eccentricity. Shared fashion memes reflect the expression of personality expression and fun, and at the same time are used as an expression of designer and brand creativity and are integral to marketing. Fashion memes are classified into four types, based on two central axes as follows: non-commercial/ commercial and anti-fashion/fashion-friendly. Unlike traditional memes, Internet-based fashion memes emphasize elements of transformation through creativity as well as imitation, which has become a persisting contemporary trend beyond temporary phenomena.

Various elements of Fabrication (FAB), mass production of existing products, new product development and process improvement evaluation might increase the complexity of production process when products are produced at the same time. As a result, complex production operation makes it difficult to predict production capacity of facilities. In this environment, production forecasting is the basic information used for production plan, preventive maintenance, yield management, and new product development. In this paper, we tried to develop a multiple linear regression analysis model in order to improve the existing production capacity forecasting method, which is to estimate production capacity by using a simple trend analysis during short time periods. Specifically, we defined overall equipment effectiveness of facility as a performance measure to represent production capacity. Then, we considered the production capacities of interrelated facilities in the FAB production process during past several weeks as independent regression variables in order to reflect the impact of facility maintenance cycles and production sequences. By applying variable selection methods and selecting only some significant variables, we developed a multiple linear regression forecasting model. Through a numerical experiment, we showed the superiority of the proposed method by obtaining the mean residual error of 3.98%, and improving the previous one by 7.9%.

Demand for cosmetics with functionality and eco-friendliness has increased dramatically due to recent aging, well-being trends, and increased interest in beauty. Cosmetics production in 2014 was 8,970.4 billion won, an increase of about 50% compared to 6,014.6 billion won in 2010. In the midst of this, similar companies in intense competition are pursuing differentiated strategies and innovation activities to solve quality, price and delivery problems. In particular, cosmetics packaging work is getting more difficult due to the increasing bill of materials (BOM) and difficult assembly methods. Therefore, in this study, the following problems were identified and suggestions for the improvement of the packaging Many research laboratories such as biotechnology, chemistry, and pharmaceuticals, which are undergoing various studies, are equipped with ready-made laboratory safety equipments such as bio-safety workbenches, aseptic bases, and exhaust workbenches. However, most researchers are disadvantaged in using existing safety equipment. This is because existing safety equipment can not take into account all of the unique characteristics of the research. For this reason, researchers are demanding the development of customized safety equipment that is well suited to their research needs. process of Company C, which is facing difficult situation to respond to the customer 's delivery due to the 52 - hour work week. First, we used the stopwatch to find the difficulty process in the packaging process and show ways to improve it. Second, to improve the efficiency of line balancing in the packaging process, we integrate processes, improve work methods, and perform simple automation. As a result, the prepare loss for replacement was reduced by 1 minute from 5 minutes, resulting in a 23% increase in productivity from 112 ea./hour to 137ea./ hour per person. At this time, the LOB of the packaging process was improved from 70% to 82% by operating one more production line through one person per line, total 9 people saving.