Plant nutrition one of the most important factors that increase plant production. Thus, the present study was carried out to investigate the effects of NPK (three main macro elements of fertilizer) and their interactions on morphological and biochemical contents of Deodeok (Codonopsis lanceolata). Results exhibited that application of different fertilization treatments had a considerable effect on the different vegetative growth characteristics of C. lanceolata compared to the non fertilizer control. Plant height showed significant results towards all fertilization group compared to non fertilizer group, and the highest value (266.8 cm) for plant height was observed from the N+P+K group. The growth of internode was converted to vine after node 5, no fertilizer effects were found on internode elongation. Chlorophyll content showed a high amount in the range of 42.8 to 46.6 against all fertilization treatment groups, except P+K group. The highest values (57.0 g) for the fresh weight of roots were obtained from the N+P+K groups compared to non fertilizer group. The mineral nutrient content of Na, Mg, Cu and Al of the roots of C. lanceolata showed the lowest amount from in P+K groups compared to other groups. In addition, P from N+K group, Mn from N+P group and Ca, Fe, Zn from N+P+K group also exhibited the lowest mineral content compared to other groups respectively.

To select appropriate Korean varieties in Myanmar, a serial experiments using rice varieties developed in Korea were conducted for 2 years, 2014 and 2015. Among the yield components, panicle number per hill of Shwe Thwe Yin, Myanmar variety, was 14, 19, 17 for 2014 dry season, 2014 wet season and 2015 dry season, respectively, which are 6, 1.3 and 5 panicles more than that of Korean varieties. The grain number per panicle, the ripened grain rate, 1,000 grain weight and yield of Korean rice varieties higher than that of Shwe Thwe Yin, Myanmar variety, at 2014 dry season and wet season. However, grain numbers per panicle, ripened grain rate of Shwe Thwe Yin were similar to that of Korean varieties, the yield of Myanmar variety was higher than yield of Korean varieties, at 2015 dry season. And to study the wide area adoptability, korean rice varieties and Shwe Thwe Yin were tested for 2 years, 2014, 2015 and 3 regions, the yield of Hanareum, Hangangchal 1 and Dasan 2 were higher than the yield of Shwe Thwe Yin and the regional variation of these korean varieties lower than that of Shwe Thwe Yin at 2014 wet season. Dasan 2 and Hangangchal 1 were selected as promising rice varieties in Myanmar.

본 시험은 청과용 그린 파파야 무가온 생산시 육묘기간이 생육 및 수량특성에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 ‘Red lady’ 품종을 이용하여 수행하였다. 육묘기간은 3 개월부터 13개월 까지 6처리로 하였으며 2015년 4월 15 일 무가온 하우스내에 정식하였다. 육묘기간에 따른 정식 전 파파야 묘의 초장, 마디수, 생체중 등은 육묘기간이 긴 묘일수록 높았으며, 13개월 육묘에서 가장 생육이 좋았다. 첫 수확일수는 육묘기간이 짧아질수록 길어졌으며 13개월 육묘에서 137일(8월 18일)이 소요되었고 3개월 육묘에서 184일(10월 2일)로 가장 길었다. 과일특성은 육묘기간이 짧았던 3개월 육묘에서 과장과 과경이 가장 작았으나 나머지 처리 간에는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 수량은 육묘기간에 따라 영향을 받았으며 상품수량 역시 육묘기간이 길어짐에 따라 증가하였다. 13개월 육묘에서 가장 많았으며(3,172kg), 다음이 11개월(2,247kg) 및 9개월(2,357kg) 이었다. 7개월과 5개월에서 각각 1,942kg 및 1,787kg 이었으며, 3개월 육묘에서 1,443kg 으로 가장 적었다. 특히 7개월 육묘 이하에서 상품수량은 1,942kg 이하로 크게 감소되었다. 이상의 결과 청과용 그린 파파야 무가온하우스 재배시 수확기를 앞당기기 위해서는 11개월 육묘가 유리하겠으나, 경영비 등을 고려한다면 9개월 정도 육묘가 바람직할 것으로 생각된다.

본 연구는 심비디움의 재배연령과 화분크기에 따른 절화 생 산량과 개화품질을 평가하고자 하였다. 대륜의 노란화색을 가 지는 심비디움 ‘Golden Tiara’ 품종을 실험재료로 사용하였으 며, 재배연차가 3, 4, 5년차로 증가함에 따른 절화 수확량과 특성을 비교하였다. 절화 수확량은 연차가 증가함에 따라 화 서수가 증가하여 5년차에 3년차에 대비 약 2배 증가하였다. 5 년차에서 화서 길이가 40cm미만으로 상품성이 없는 화서도 있었으나 이를 제외하고도 절화 수량이 가장 많았다. 개화소 요일수는 5년차에서 3년차보다 6일 정도 지연되었고 꽃크기 가 5년차에서 3, 4년차보다 감소하는 결과를 보였지만, 절화 품질의 주요인인 화서 길이와 화수는 연차에 따른 차이가 나 타나지 않았다. 관행의 직경 12cm화분과 직경 22cm의 대형 화분에서 재배하여 4년차 식물체의 개화특성을 비교한 결과, 화서의 길이와 꽃크기가 직경 12cm분에서 보다 대형화분에 재배하였을 때 증가한 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 심비디움 ‘Golden Tiara’ 품종의 경우 최소 5년까지 절화 수확이 가능한 것으로 판단되며, 이때 관행화분을 지속적으로 이용하는 것 보다 큰 화분으로 분갈이하여 줌으로써 생산성과 품질을 높일 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

This study was conducted in order to investigate the effects that the difference of planting time by a method of cultivation in the non-heated greenhouse and the open field with spring planting had on growth and yield. With regard to the tested variety of Momordica charantia, variety ‘Dragon’ (Japan Yae 農藝) was selected. And 3 treatments on March 20, April 5 and April 20 for the greenhouse cultivation and 3 treatments on April 20, May 5 and May 20 for the open-field cultivation 1 month later than those for the greenhouse cultivation were planted by the randomized complete block design, and 4 secondary vines were trained. In the results of examining 15-day average atmospheric temperature after planting according to the methods of greenhouse and open-field cultivation and planting time, it was shown that there was a tendency for atmospheric temperature inside the greenhouse to decrease as the planting time was moved up. In particular, the average atmospheric temperature was 16.7oC when seedling was planted on April 20 in the open-field cultivation, which was approximately equal to 17.0oC of the average atmospheric temperature when a seedling was planted on March 20 in the greenhouse cultivation. With regard to the date of first harvest by the method of cultivation, it was shown that there was a tendency for the date of first harvest to be earlier in the greenhouse cultivation than in the open-field cultivation, and the date of first harvest was moved up as a seedling was planted earlier for the planting period. The number and weight of harvested fruits per plant showed a tendency which was almost similar to that of total number of harvest days and number of harvests. Thus, the number of fruits was 189 and the weight of fruits was 31,649g in case of the greenhouse cultivation and planting on March 20, which were maximum. In case of planting on the latest planting date : May 20 in the open-field cultivation, the number of fruits was 77 and the weight of fruits was 12,502g, which were at a level of 40% of those of planting on March 20 in the greenhouse cultivation 2 months earlier. The total yield per 10a was 10,228kg in the greenhouse cultivation and was 2.2 times as heavy as 4,607kg in the open-field cultivation with regard to the method of cultivation. For the planting period in the greenhouse cultivation, it was 10,539kg and 10,517kg in planting on March 20 and April 5, which was higher by 9% than 9,629kg in planting on April 20. And in the open-field cultivation, it was 4,785kg in planting on April 20 and 4,872kg in planting on May 5, which was higher by 15~17% than 4,163kg in planting on May 20. Taking the above results into account, it is considered proper to plant Momordica charantia from March 20 to April 5 for the greenhouse cultivation and from April 20 to May 5 or thereabouts when a risk of late frost is gone for the open-field cultivation in southern area.

사과나무의 수세는 품종 고유의 유전적 특성에 따라 결정되지만 환경 조건, 재배 관리, 대목 종류 및 노출 길이에 따라 달라질 수 있다. 따라서 품종 고유의 특성에 따라 적합한 대목 종류 및 적정 노출 길이를 선택하는 것이 나무의 생육, 생산성 및 수명에 바람직한 영향을 줄 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구는 국내에서 육성된 ‘서 홍’, ‘썸머드림’, ‘홍금’에 적합한 대목 노출길이에 대한 정보를 제공하기 위하여 M.9 자근대목에 각각 접목한 후 접목부가 지면에서 10, 20, 30 cm로 노출되게 재식하여 수체생장과 생산성을 조사하였다. 재식 6년차까지 ‘서홍’, ‘썸머드림’, ‘홍금’은 대목 노출이 짧을수록 TCA 증가가 컸다. 재식 6년차의 TCA는 10cm 처리구를 100으로 했을 때 20, 30cm 처리구는 각각 ‘서홍’ 70, 60, ‘썸머드림’ 88, 66, ‘홍금’ 55, 41으로 현저히 낮아졌다. 또한 ‘서홍’, ‘썸머드림’, ‘홍금’의 대목 노출 길이가 짧을수록 수고, 수폭, 신초장, 정단신초장의 영양생장량이 더 우수하였다. 재식 6년차까지의 누적수량 역시 대목 노출 길이가 짧을 수록 많아지는 경향을 보였다. 재식 6년차 누적수량의 10cm 처리구를 100으로 했을 때 20, 30cm 처리구는 ‘서홍’ 77, 63, ‘썸머드림’ 85, 76, ‘홍금’ 73, 58으로 조사되었다. 과실 특성에 있어서 대목 노출 길이에 따른 차이는 없었다. 따라서, 재식 6년차까지 ‘서홍’, ‘썸머드림’, ‘홍금’ 의 영양생장과 생산성을 고려했을 때 M.9 대목의 노출 길이는 10cm로 하는 것이 적당할 것으로 생각된다.

This study was carried out to develop techniques for thelog cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius. Soil landfill cultivation of the in plastic container boxes containing yield per log thanbut there was no difference in the yield from both spawn Hyangsan” variety. In the caseof soil landfill cultivation in a shaded vinyl house, an Ailanthus tree gave a higher yield than that usingpoplar tree, and the yield of the Hosan” variety washigher than that of the Hyangsan” variety. With regard to proper tree species selection, willow and cherry trees were good for both the Hosan” and “Hyangsan” variet.

‘Mantari’ is a new variety of oyster mushroom for bottle culture. It was bred by crossingmonokaryons isolated from ‘DM11732’ and ‘Chunchu-2ho’. The optimum temperature for the mycelial growth was 26~29°C on PDA medium, and that for the primordia formation and the growth of fruiting body of ‘Mantari’ on sawdust mediawas 18°C and 16°C. It took 32 days to finish spawn running, 4 days to finish primordia formation, and 3 days to finish fruiting body growth in the bottle culture. The fruitcharacteristics: the pileus was round and gray-black in color, and the stipe was long, thin, and light gray in color. The yield per bottle was 179 g/900 ml and was 5% higher than that of the control variety (Chunchu-2ho). The physical properties of the fruit body were as follows: springiness, cohesive, gumminess, and brittleness of the stipe tissue were 96%, 76%, 160 g, and 15 kg, respectively.

The Eradi Quake System (EQS) is a seismic isolation bearing system designed to minimize forces and displacements experienced by structures subjected to ground motion. The EQS dissipates seismic energy through friction of Poly Tetra Fluoro Ethylene (PTFE) disk pad. In general, a force-displacement relationship of EQS has post yield stiffness hardening during large inelastic displacement. In this study, seismic responses of seismically isolated nuclear power plant (NPP) subjected to design basis earthquake (DBE) and beyond design basis earthquakes (150% DBE and 167% DBE) are compared considering the post yield stiffness hardening effect of EQS. From the results, it can be observed that if the post-yield stiffness hardening effect of EQS is increased, the displacement response of EQS is reduced, and the acceleration and shear responses of containment structures of NPP is increased.