This study assessed the characteristics of emission and cell toxicology of Methylethylketone(MEK) in ambient air of industrial area. MEK is produced by the oxidation of sec-butyl alcohol and used as the solvent for making ink, printing, coating of film, bonding material and drug extraction. The MEK concentrations in the ambient-air of industrial area in Gimhae City was detected in the range of 25.4～1,580 ㎍/㎥ with an average 297.4 ㎍/㎥. The concentration of MEK showed a descending tendency from April to August followed by its increased tendency since then. The effects of MEK on the human lung cancer A549 cells was examined by the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS) and cytotoxicity. The range of MEK concentration detected in the area induced ROS generation affecting the oxidation state with a little effects on the viability of the cells.

자연계에 존재하는 다양한 지구물질의 조성은 여러 성분들로 구성된 다성분계이므로 자연계의 현상을 이해하기 위해서는 이러한 다성분계 지구물질의 구조를 규명하는 것이 필수적이다. 이러한 중요성에도 불구하고 다성분계 비정질의 자세한 원자-나노 구조는 비정질 자체가 갖고 있는 여러 가지고유의 무질서도 등으로 인하여 최근까지도 정확히 알려지지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 일차원 O-17 MAS와 이차원 3QMAS NMR을 이용하여, 다성분계 비정질인 Ca-Na 알루미노규산염 [(CaO)x(Na2O)1-x] (A12O3)0.5(SiO2)6. CNAS)의 자세한 원자단위의 조성에 따른 변화를 보고한다. 비정질 CNAS의 비연결 산소 (non-bridging oxygen, NBO) 중 Ca-NBO는 Na/Ca 비율이 증가함에 따라서 (Ca, Na)-NBO를 형성한다. 이는 비정질 CNAS 내에서 비연결산소와 Ca와 Na 간에 강한 상호작용이 있음을 지시한다. 연결산소인 경우(bridging oxygen, BO, Si-O-Si나 Si-O-Al)의 경우에도 Na/Ca 비율에 따라, 감소의 폭이 비연결 산소보다는 상대적으로 작지만 화학차폐(NMR chemical shift)가 선형적으로 감소한다. 비정질 규산염의 연결산소의 결합각과 결합길이의 분포에 의해 결정되는 위상무질서도(topological disorder)는 Ca 함량이 증가할수록 비선형적으로 증가한다. 이러한 결과들은 비정질 CNAS의 구조가 기존에 알려진 데로 비연결산소만이 Na와 Ca 같은 구조교란양이온(network modifying cation)에 의해 많은 영향을 받는 것이 아니라 연결산소도 이들 양이온에 의하여 영향을 받음을 지시한다 이에 따라 다양한 양이온세기가 비정질의 무질서도에 미치는 영향을 정리하였다.

Germination and early elongation of rice after germination were investigated in anoxic air treatment, nitric oxide gas treatment, and six concentrations of mercuric chloride solutions to determine the effects of limited oxygen environment, nitric oxide, and inhibited water flux through cell membrane in 17~circC . Anoxic air treatment affected germination of tested six varieties very little. However root elongation rates were severely inhibited while shoot growth was affected less. Reductions in shoot and root elongations demonstrated genotypic variations. Nitric oxide delayed the germination of rice even though it didn't affect the final percent germination. Elongations of root and shoot were inhibited in nitric oxide treatment. The inhibitor effect of nitric oxide on the shoot elongation of rice was less severe, while nitric oxide completely inhibited the root emergence of rice. Concentrations of HgCl2 greater than 300~muM dramatically reduced the rate and percentage of germination when compared to distilled water treatment. The reduced percent germination showed the greatest variation among rice varieties in 500~muM solution of mercuric chloride. Ansanbyeo, Jinheung, and Odaebyeo were affected less by HgCl2 , Nonganbyeo and Sangmibyeo were intermediate, and the germination of Andabyeo was greatly reduced by HgCl2 . Root elongation of germinated rice seedlings was more sensitive to oxygen deficits, nitric oxide, and HgCl2 treatments than germination and shoot elongation. In conclusion, poor seedling establishment of rice sown in flooded paddy soils, in which the oxygen supply to the seeds is restricted, appears to the result of limited root elongation rate.

몇 가지 점토광물과 메틸바이올로젠 또는 메틸렌블루를 함유시킨 점토수식전극을 이용하여 산소환원에 대한 전기화학적 촉매성을 검토하였다. 점토광물로는 Na-몬모릴로나이트, Ca-몬모릴로나이트, 카오리나이트를 사용하였다. 점토수식전극은 유리탄소전극 표면에 점토 현탁액을 입히고 메틸바이올로젠을 흡착시킨 것을 사용하였으며, 전기화학적 산소환원의 정도는 순환 전압전류법(cyclic voltammetry)으로 측정하였다. 실험결과, 다른 점토시료에 비하여 Na-몬모릴로나이트가 메틸바이올로젠의 흡착효과가 가장 크게 나타났고, 메틸바이올로젠을 흡착시킨 점토수식전극이 산소환원에 대한 촉매성이 월등히 우수하였다. 즉 촉매산소환원 피크가 242.6 mV 만큼 +방향으로 이동하였다. 메틸바이올로젠을 흡착시킨 점토수식전극이 메틸렌블루를 흡착시킨 점토수식전극보다 산소환원에 대한 촉매성이 더 높게 나타났다. Ca-몬모릴로나이트의 경우는 변화가 없었으나 Na-몬모릴로나이트의 구조는 메틸바이올로젠의 흡착으로 변화되었다. 메틸바이올로젠- Na-몬모릴로나이트 점토수식전극은 현탁액의 점토 농도가 약 0.87 g/10 mL이고. 메틸바이올로젠의 수용액의 농도가 대략 2.5 mM일 때 산소환원 촉매 효과가 가장 탁월하였다. 지지전해질의 pH에 따른 점토수식 전극의 산소 환원 촉매성은 중성의 pH 범위(6.3과 8.3)에서보다 산성인 pH 3.7과 알칼리성인 pH 12.7에서 월등히 크게 나타났다.

Rapid progress in urbanization has resulted in a change of the micro climate, especially in the urban area. In order to investigate the phenomenon of the heat island in the residential micro climate, a field survey was carried out by 4 sets of the residential type in Jeonju under typical winter synoptic condition. As analytic methode, it is used the comparison on the relation of the Land-to-Coverage Rate to Heat Island and Oxygen Concentration. And as a key question it is asked how stable characteristics of the micro climate will result from the survey of the Heat Island and the Oxygen Concentration, used as indicator. To ensure the trustworthy result of research, it is calculated the critical influence of the wind velocity and the Land-to-Covearage Rate. As a result of comparative analysis, it could be confirmed that the local temperatures in all sets of the residential type were higher than the average temperature in Jeonju. But the housing type A "exclusive use for housing zone" has relativly the most stable and best living condition. On the contrary the residential type B and D has the worst toward the oxygen concentration in the time zone 9-12 a.m., which didn't reach the minimum of the oxygen concentration 20.5%. It means that the higer the development and population density is, the worse is the situation of the Quality of Life in the residential types in accordance with the heat island and oxygon concentration.

The response of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations caused significant change in root number, root length, coleoptile length, shoot length and leaf age of seedlings. The genotypic difference in the effect of DO also highly significant (P<0.01) for all of the seedling traits. The number and length of root were extremely inhibited at the condition of 0.39~pm0.09 DO concentration. While the coleoptile elongated markedly in the lowest DO concentrations, the shoot did not develop. The root growth was improved slightly at the 1.39~pm0.27mg L-1 , however, there were no difference among genotypes at these two low DO concentrations. As the DO concentration become higher, the growth of root and shoot was improved remarkably. Root number, root length and shoot length was significantly different between 20~;and~;30~circC in DO rich and normal conditions, the development of those traits were apparently accelerated in high water temperature, however those traits of seedlings in DO deficiency were not different between the two temperatures except for shoot length. On the other hand the coleoptile length was not affected by the stagnant water temperature; it was stimulated by the low DO concentration. The competition of DO was greater as the seedling density was increased in the stagnant water, therefore the seedlings grown under high density have long and white coleoptiles, and the growth of roots and shoots was retarded severely.

The film coated snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seeds with five different coating materials treated with 3% increase in seed weight were planted at sandy loam soil controlled moisture content of 18, 19, 20 and 21 %. The oxygen diffusion rate (ODR) was calculated from the different moisture content soil. The number of normal seedlings, seedling vigor, and seedling capability in field (seed vigor x dry matter weight) were observed at 9 days after planting and compared to the changes of ODR. The germination rate and ODR were sharply decreased simultaneously in the seeds planted at 21 % soil moisture content. Seedling emergence did not occur at all as the soil moisture content increased above 22 %. Hence this value should be considered as the threshold of soil moisture content for seedling emergence. An ODR value under 20% did not influence the percent emergence significantly. The certain difference observing in the emergence at the same ODR was not related clearly to the condition of soil. So it can be assumed that the limit of soil moisture content for the emergence of snap bean was approximately 20%. The value of 18% soil moisture content may be considered as the optimum for snap bean emergence. There was close relationship between the mean value of ODR in different soil moisture contents and the emergence. The germination rates of the seeds coated with the different materials were quite different when the seeds were planted at 21 % soil moisture. Dry weight of the seedlings from film coated seeds was decreased slightly, but the germination rates were not much different from the non-treated control under relatively higher soil moisture content (21 %). Major factor lowering emergence rate was oxygen stress while film coating act as a minor constraint for snap bean sown in excess soil moisture condition.

논 방사오리에 의한 중경탁수가 관개수의 pH, 용존산소농도 및 토양의 이화학적 성질에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 오리 방사논에서 벼 50포기를 완전무작위로 선발한 후, 각 1포기씩에 대해 원통형 철망을 둘러치는 방법에 의해 오리에 의한 중경탁수만 유입될 수 있도록 설치한 중경탁수구(이하, 탁수구)와 오리 무방사의 대조구로 구분하고, 관개수의 pH, 용존산소농도 및 토양의 이화학적 성질 등에 미치는 영향을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 오리 방사기간 중, 관개수의 pH는 대조구에 비해 탁수구에서 변동폭이 작고, pH7.4 전후의 높은 수준에서 추이하였다. 2. 용존산소농도는 오리 방사초기에 대조구보다 탁수구에서 유의적으로 낮은 수치를 보였으나(P＜0.01), 그 이후는 두 시험구 모두 벼 생육이 진전됨에 따라 급속히 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 3. 관개수의 부유물질농도 및 탁도는 대조구보다 탁수구에서 유의적으로 높았고(P＜0.01),오리 방사기간 중 큰 변화 없이 거의 일정한 수준을 나타내었다. 4. 관개수의 무기성분 함량에 있어서 P2O5 함량은 대조구에 비해 탁수구에서 유의적으로 낮았으나(P＜0.05), 그 이외의 성분에서는 두 시험구간에 큰 차이가 없었다. 5. 토양의 이화학적 성질은 오리 방사기간 중 및 방사종료 후 모두 어느 성분에 있어서도 두 시험구간에 큰 차이는 없었으나, 오리 방사기간 중 보다 방사종료 후에서 다소 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 오리에 의한 중경탁수는 관개수의 pH 변동폭을 줄이고, 용존산소농도 및 P2O5 함량을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 토양의 이화학적 성질에는 거의 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 시사되었다, Daeyabyeo, Hwamyeongbyeo, 방eongsanbyeo, Dongjinbyeo) and two medium maturing cultivays (Donghaebyeo, Gumobyeo2). The rest cultivars were tore off by 1/10∼1/2 ELL. In yield components, the longer was flag leaf damage, the lower was ripened grain ratio, grain weight and brown/rough rice ratio, which was severly impacted to late than to ordinary season cultivation. However, rice yield did not decrease up to tearing by 1/10 ELL. Head rice ratio decreased from flag leaf tearing over 1/10 ELL in late season cultivation. The longer was flag leaf damage, the lower was eating quality, which could not show significantly different.the medium of Tang's costumes. the product category could be set up the population clearly.의 무게와 부피는 24주간 다소 감소하는 경향을 보였으나 통계적인 유의차는 없었다. 냉동저장 감자의 무게와 부피 변화는 48주간 전혀 없었다. 상온 냉장저장 감자의 조직의 강도(hardness)는 24주간 다소 감소하는 경향을 보였으나 냉동저장 감자는 48주간 hardness의 변화가 전혀 없었다. Frozen mashed 감자는 저

본 연구에서는 반응성 산소족이 수정능력획득, 칩체반응에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 반응성 산소족으로 superoxide anion은 xanthine (X) -xanthine oxidase (XO) system을, hydroperoxide는 를 농도별로 처 리하였으며, nitric oxide (NO)는 NO donor인 sodium nitroprusside (SNP)를 처리하였다 또한 남성불임요인의 하나로 알려진 leukocytospermia에 대한 영향을

참외 CA저장시 적정 농도 및 농도를 구명하기 위해 경북 성주산 참외 금싸라기 품종을 공시하여 농도를 5, 10, 15%로 하였고 농도는 3, 10%로 하여 15일, 30일, 45일 동안 각각 저장하여 실험한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 참외 저장후의 부패과율은 농도가 높을수록 낮았으며, 중량감소율은 저장 45일까지도 일반저온저장에서 5.01%, CA저장에서는 1.0%내외로 낮았다. 과육의 경도는 저장 30일까지는 일반저온저장, CA저장 모두 저장전과