We have previously shown that 5’-nitro-indirubinoxime (5’-NIO) has potent anti-tumor effect in various human cancer cells. But the potential anti-invasive effect of 5’-NIO in salivary gland cancer has not been studied yet. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of 5'-NIO on salivary gland adenocarcinoma SGT cell adhesion and migration to Type I collagen treatment. Western blot, adhesion and migration assay were performed to evaluate the impacts of 5’-NIO on the expression of MMP-2/-9 and its upstream signaling molecules after treatment of type І collagen. SGT cell adhesion to type I collagen is significantly suppressed by 5’-NIO. 5’-NIO decreased expression of β1 integrin, phosphorylation of FAK, MMP-2/ -9 compared with type I collagen treatment. In addition, 5’-NIO inhibited the migration of SGT cells treated with type I collagen. These results suggest that 5’-NIO could effectively inhibit the invasion and migration of human SGT cells by downregulating the expression of β1 integrin and MMP-2/-9 and phosphorylation of FAK, Akt, and Erk. Adhesion and migration to type I collagen of SGT cells can be influenced through 5’-NIO..

최근 GIS의 발전과 더불어 Web 기반의 GIS는 다양하고 강력한 지도 시각화 기능을 효율적으로 제공하고 있다. 또한, 국가 차원의 공간정보 인프라의 서비스와 관련하여 인구이동 통계의 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 이와 관련하여 인구이동 통계 서비스는 Web GIS를 기반으로 한 다양한 지도 시각화 기능과 결합될 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 Web GIS를 기반으로 한 효율적인 인구이동 통계 제공 방안을 수립하는데 그 목적이 있다. 제안된 방안은 Web GIS에 기반한 선진화된 인구이동 통계 서비스 구현을 비전으로 제시하였으며, 포괄성, 상호작용성, 탐색성을 원칙으로 단기적 측면과 장기적 측면에서 세부 전략이 수립되었다. 이러한 방안을 토대로 인구이동 통계에 대한 보다 효과적인 지도 시각화의 구현이 예상된다.

본 연구에서는 KURT (KAERI 지하처분연구시설)를 포함한 지하연구시설에서 핵종 및 콜로이드 이동에 대 한 연구현황을 조사하였다. 화강암과 같은 결정질 암반층에 건설된 해외 지하연구시설들을 간략하게 소개하 고 비교하였다. 특히 Grimsel Test Site (GTS)와 ¨Asp¨o Hard Rock Laboratory에서의 핵종 및 콜로이드 이동연 구에 대한 주요 국제공동연구의 연구항목 및 내용, 진행중인 연구 프로젝트, 연구계획 등에 대해 조사하였다

북서태평양에서 발생하는 열대 저기압의 이동경로에 대한 변화패턴을 1951-2007년의 열대 저기압 경로 자료에 경험적 직교함수(Empirical Orthogonal Function, EOF)법을 적용하여 분석하였다. 북서태평양을 5˚×5˚의 격자간격으로 나뉘어 연별 열대 저기압의 이동빈도를 각 격자에서의 변수로 정의하였다. 첫번째 모드는 동서성분(동경125도 기준)을, 두번째 모드는 남북성분(필리핀 동쪽해상에서 남지나해를 가로지르는 축 중심)을, 그리고 세번째 모드는 대각성분(타이완 동쪽 해상을 중심으로 동북방향과 동남방향을 축으로 하는)으로 나누어짐을 알 수 있었다. 첫번째와 두번째 모드의 주성분 시계열에서 각각 1997년과 1991년 부근을 기점으로 해서 주성분들의 부호가 교차되는 데, 이는 1990년대 이전 약 20년 동안에 남중국해 부근지역에서의 열대 저기압 이동 빈도가 동아시아 중위도 지역에서는 최근 20년 동안에 더 높았던 것과 관련성이 있는 것으로 보였다. 열대 저기압 발생의 경우, 첫번째와 두번째 모드에서 고유벡터 값이 음이고 진로가 북서태평양으로 주로 이동했던 열대 저기압은 고유벡터가 양의 값을 보였던 열대 저기압보다 더 동쪽에서 발생했던 것으로 나타났다. 이동특성에 있어 첫번째 모드는 바이칼호 남쪽에서 형성되는 기압 패턴에, 두번째 모드는 30˚N 부근을 중심으로 남과 북 사이에 형성된 진동패턴에, 세번째 모드는 일본 부근에 위치한 기압패턴에 의해 열대 저기압의 이동경향이 많은 영향을 받는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 해수면 온도 아노말리 값과 상관분석결과 첫번째 모드는 Niño-3.4 지수와 높은 음의 상관관계를 보여 ENSO의 영향을 받고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

본 논문에서는 지능을 대신하는 센서들 특히 시각을 채용한 이동형 로봇을 설계하였으며, 다양한 서비스 제공에 필요한 장애물 회피와 추적방법등을 다룬다. 사용된 알고리즘 중 색상의 정보와 움직임 정보를 처리하는 알고리즘과 형태 정보를 알아내기 위한 알고리즘을 사용하였으며, 색상 정보 데이터와 형태정보 데이터를 합성하여 보다 정확한 물체의 정보를 인식할 수 있게 하였다. 또한, 이동로봇의 기능을 수행하기 위하여 이동 하드웨어를 구현하여 노트북을 위에 얹는 형식으로 지능형 이동 로봇으로의 기능을 수행할 수 있게 하였다. 이동 하드웨어 위에 노트북을 얹어서 로봇의 제어 속도를 높이고 신호의 잡음을 없애고 정확하게 정보를 전달 받게 하기 위해 직렬 통신으로 연결하여 제작하였다.

This article attempts to excavate Korean literary works influenced by modern Chinese literature during the Japanese occupation of Korea, based on which it also analyzes the ways in which Korean writers and intellectuals received, perceived and transformed modern Chinese literature. Research findings in this article are to be summarized as follow. Firstly, writers such as Guangsoo Yi and Nanson Choi, who lived during the nascent period of modern Korean literature, approached China in the image of a looser and Japan in the image of an empire. Thus, they completely excluded Chinese literature from the world literature since the Japanese occupation of Korea. This was a dark side of modern Korean literature as a result of Korea’s marginality in the colonial age. Secondly, Baekhwa Yang is generally regarded a first writer that received modern Chinese literature; but most of his works and translations related to China were from Japan since he introduced them to Korea by translating Japanese. Consequently, the perspective that Yang applied in approaching Chinese literature was not his own but Japanese during the colonial age. Although Yang’s contribution to the translation of modern Chinese literature needs to be fairly appreciated, one may not arguably say that he was the first writer who received Chinese literature based on a proper understanding of the trajectory of China’s intellectual history. Thirdly, Dong-gog Yi and Myung Yang are the critics who for the first time accepted Chinese modern literature into Korea on their own perspective. This study has a considerable significance in excavating, introducing and analyzing the large amount of their works. Dong-gog Yi had deep interest in the value and spirit of the Chinese New Cultural Movement, and was the first critic in Korea who accepted the value and spirit of modern Chinese literature in its full measure. Myung Yang was pursued ceaselessly in what direction Korean should lead their lives under the rule of Japanese imperialism, and for the first time accepted and blended Chinese modern theory with Korean reality. This was consequential of their struggles to overcome the dual problem of particularity and universality that Korea confronted during the colonial period. Thus they approached Chinese culture and literature in terms of the world historical conjuncture of decolonization and yearnings for modernity. They did not follow the trajectory of the reception of modernity via Japan as many Korean intellectuals did but groped for a way to receive it via China.

Local and seasonal populations of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta , were monitored with sex pheromone trapping and RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) molecular marker to analyze their movement in apple orchards. To detect their movements among farms, pheromone traps were placed at regions between apple farms (‘outside-farms’) as well as within-farms (‘inside-farms’). Four seasonal adult peaks were evident in apple-cultivating fields from April to October in both trappings of inside- or outside-farms. After overwintering generation, populations of inside-farms were significantly reduced with frequent insecticide applications, compared to populations of outside-farms. Within apple farms, G. molesta tended to be unevenly distributed because of significant sublocal preference. Active movements of local and seasonal populations of G. molesta were supported by gene flow analysis using RAPD marker. Monitoring data using sex pheromone and seasonal reduction in initial genetic differentiation detected in the overwintering populations suggest that there must be significant movement of G. molesta among different orchards in apple-cultivating areas.

Various kinds of service measurement including the development of the measurement of service quality have been developed. Especially the mobile telecommunication service being represented by the mobile communication company would be the mostly developed area. Its service development can be understood along with the development of the telecommunication companies as well as cellular companies. It is a differentiated phenomenon in the current research, such as the organic influence between the service quality and product. Of course there are such products placed on sale and enjoyed the common service, but at present there is another case that the product is on the market exclusively with the mobile company in here. This article is to estimate service efficiency for Mobile Communication and Cellular company. In this paper, We tried to measure the service quality and overall satisfaction by using Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA), degree of combination and top2box which is a little bit different methodology from traditional ones. This paper uses CCR model in DEA to measure service efficiency in the Mobile Communication.

The hybrid cooling system of vapor compression system and naturally circulating coolin system using R-410a for indoor mobil tele-communication center(IMTC) is developed and its performance is experimentally studied. Its results are summarized as follows. First, cooling capacity of naturally circulating cooling system is proportional to indoor and outdoor temperature difference and it has max. 4,550 kcal/h at indoor and outdoor air temperature difference 15℃. Second, heat exchangers of evaporator and condenser should be designed and constructed to be able to get maximum refrigerant capacity by naturally circulating force and to enhance heat transfer by refrigerant. Third, cooling capacity of hybrid cooling system has optimum operating point according to refrigerant charging capacity and refrigerant charging capacity of naturally circulating cooling system is 30~50% more than vapor compression refrigeration system.