This study was conducted to observe the fermentative quality and anthocyanin content in whole crop colored barley silage during storage periods and anthocyanin stability in in vitro ruminal fluid. Silages of colored barley cultivar “Boanchalbori” and normal barley cultivar “Yuyeonbori” were stored during 0, 2, 4, 6, and 12 months. The in vitro ruminal fluid was fermented for 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hrs. For the feed value, crude protein of colored barley silage was slightly increased in the silage compared to that of normal barley silage, and being increased up to 2 months after ensiling and thereafter maintained at the similar level. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents of both the barley significantly increased by prolonged storage of 2 months (p<0.05), but they were maintained at the constant level after 2 months of storing silage. Whereas TDN (total digestible nutrients) contents of them were decreased by the prolonged storage of 2 months (p<0.05), then maintained at the constant levels. The fermentative quality and pH values in both the barley silages were slightly decreased during the storage time. Lactic acid and acetic acid contents were increased during prolonged storage period, but not significantly different among treatments. Butyric acid was not detected. In the colored barley silage, pH value showed slightly lower compared to that of the normal barley silage but not significant, and lactic acid content was significantly higher than the normal barley silage (p<0.05). The total anthocyanin content in the whole crop colored barley silage decreased to 42% after 2 months of ensilage, however maintained at the constant level until 12 months of ensilage. In the case of anthocyanin stability on in vitro ruminal fluid digestion, the pH value of the ruminal fluid was slightly lower at 6, 12, 24, 48h incubation time and the content of anthocyanin was at similar levels. These results indicated that the colored barley showed higher fermentation quality, and total anthocyanin content was maintained stable at 42% level of the first value in storing silage. As the anthocyanin had higher stability in the ruminal fluid, the colored barley has a potential as functional feeds for Ruminants.

The large-space single-layer lattice dome is relatively simpler in terms of the arrangement of the various framework members and of the design of the junction than the multi-layered lattice dome, can reduce the numbers and quantity of the framework members, and has the merit of exposing the beauty of the framework as it stands. The single-layer lattice dome, however, requires a stability investigation of the whole structure itself, along with an analysis of the stress of the framework members, because an unstable phenomenon called "buckling" occurs when its weight reaches critical levels. Many researchers have systematically conducted researches on the stability evaluation of the single-layer lattice dome. No construction case of a single-layer lattice dome with a 300-m-long span, however, has yet been reported anywhere in the world. The large-space dome structure is difficult to erect due to the gigantic span and higher ceiling compared with other common buildings, and its construction cost is generally huge. The method of erecting a structure causes major differences in the construction cost and period. Therefore, many researchers have been conducting various researches on the method of erecting such structure. The step-up method developed by these authors can reduce the construction cost and period to a great extent compared with the other general methods, but the application of this method inevitably requires the development of system supports in the center section as well as pre-existing supports in the boundary sections. In this research, the safety during the construction of a single-layer lattice dome with 300-m-long span using pre-existing materials was examined in the aspect of structural strength, and the basic data required for manufacturing the supports in the application of the step-up method developed by these authors during the erection of the roof structure were obtained.

본 연구에서는 CVD법으로 세라믹 막을 제조하였다. 튜브의 α-Al2O3 지지체 위에 Ga 염이 첨가된 γ-Al2O3를 코팅하였고, 실란화합물인 tetramethylorthosilane (TMOS) 를 650℃에서 화학적 기상 증착법으로 막에 증착하였다. 제조된 세라믹 막을 사용하여 수소, 질소, 이산화탄소, 메탄의 단일조성 기체투과 실험을 600℃에서 시행하였다. Ga 염 비첨가 시, 600℃ 수분 처리 실험의 H2/N2 선택도가 926에서 829로 감소한 반면, Ga 염 첨가 시에는 910에서 904로 안정하였다. 이 결과를 통해, 막에 금속염을 첨가하여 제조한 막이 수분 안정성을 향상시킴을 확인하였다.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of age on the oxidative stability of Hanwoo (Korean cattle) cow beef. The samples of M. longissimus dorsi from 65 and 133 months-old-Hanwoo cows (4 and 3 heads, respectively) were stored at 4±0.2℃ for 9 days. The proximate composition, total myoglobin content, pH value, water-holding capacity and drip loss were not significantly affected by age. At day 9 of storage, the lipid oxidation (2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) was significantly (p<0.05) higher in beef from 133 months-old-cows than 65 months-old-cows. Lower (p<0.05) oxymyoglobin concentration and R630-R580 value and higher (p<0.05) metmyoglobin concentration were observed in beef from 133 months-old-cows at day 9 of storage than 65 months-old-cows. The CIE a*, b* and C* values were significantly (p<0.05) lowered in beef from 133 months-old-cows at day 9 of storage than 65 months-old-cows. It could be concluded that old age decreased the lipid oxidation stability and myoglobin oxidation stability in Hanwoo cow beef.

This paper focuses on the after synthesis of CdTe quantum dots(QDs) in aqueous solution. CdTe nanoparticles were prepared in aqueous solution using mercaptocarboxylic acid or thioglycolic acid(TGA) as stabilizing agents. QDs emit light smaller than the nano size. The contents of the mercaptocarboxylic acid, and a kind of raw material, were revealed for a period of time. We succeeded in synthesizing a very high quality QDs solution; we discussed how to make QDs better and to keep them stabilized. TGA is known as one of the best stabilizing agents. Many papers have mentioned that TGA is a good stabilizing agent. We dramatically confirmed the state of QDs after the experiments. The QDs solution can be influenced by several factors. Different content of TGA can influence the stability of the CdTe solution. Most papers deal with the synthesis of CdTe, so we decided to discuss the after synthesis process for the stability of the CdTe solution.

본 연구에서는 편백나무 잎 추출물의 에틸아세테이트 분획을 함유한 크림의 안정성을 평가하였다. 다양한 저장 온도(4℃, 25℃, 37℃ 및 45℃) 및 태양광선에의 노출 하에서 12주 동안 추출물 함유 크림의 pH, 점도 및 흡광도 변화를 측정하였다. 위에서 언급된 온도별 저장조건에서 추출물이 함유되어 있지 않은 대조군 크림은 pH 변화가 거의 없었다. 추출물 함유 크림의 경우는 4℃와 25℃에서 pH가 평균 0.11 감소하였고, 37℃, 45℃ 저장과 태양광선 노출 시는 각각 0.55, 0.84 및 0.59 감소하였다. 온도별 저장 조건에서 12주 후 추출물 함유 크림과 대조군 크림의 점도를 측정하였다. 추출물 함유 크림은 초기 점도보다 평균 2,404 cPs 감소를 나타내었고, 대조군은 평균 1,296 cPs 감소하였다. 45℃ 조건에서 대조군은 12주 후 점도가 1,915 cPs로 감소되었지만, 동일 조건에서 추출물 함유 크림의 점도는 3,810 cPs 감소하였다. 12주 동안 4℃~37℃에서 추출물 함유 크림의 흡광도 변화는 거의 없었다. 반면에 45℃ 저장과 태양광선 노출시킨 경우는 흡광도는 각각 32.5 % 및 35.2 % 감소하였다. 크림으로부터 추출물을 용출시킨 에탄올 용액을 태양광선에 직접 노출시켰을 때 4주 만에 흡광도가 54.8 %감소한 것에 비해서는 작은 감소를 나타낸다. 이는 추출물크림이 크림 내에서 비교적 안정화되어 있음을 나타낸다. 추출물 함유 크림과 대조군 크림은 12주 동안 동일한 실험 조건에서 변취나 변색이 나타나지 않았으며, 크리밍이나 응집과 같은 현상은 관찰되지 않았다. 이러한 결과들로부터 편백나무 잎 추출물을 함유한 크림이 비교적 안정함을 확인하였다. 하지만, 추출물 함유 크림을 장기간 저장할 때 안정성은 아직 확실치는 않으며, 추출물을 화장품에 응용하기 위해서는 더 많은 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

In this study, a series of experiments were carried out to measure temporal stability of trimethylamine (TMA) in two different bag sampler types (polyvinyl fluoride bag (PVF) and polyester aluminum bag (PEA)) as a function of storage time. To this end, temporal variability of TMA was measured using its standard gas samples up to 4 days. For the purpose of comparison, storability of TMA was tested between PVF and PEA. To this end, standard gas samples were prepared at two concentration levels of 1 and 10 ppm. The results of this study indicate that the reduction of TMA levels generally increased with the extension of the storage time. Although both bag types showed moderate losses of TMA, differences between bag types (PVF and PEA) were likely to be less significant than those of concentration levels.

본 논문은 인체에 영향을 미치는 진동에 따라 도로노면의 주행성을 정량화하고 향후 공용중인 도로 및 신설도로의 주행 안전성 평가에 적용할 수 있는 방법론을 정립하는 것이 주요 목적이다. 이를 위해 평탄성 및 인체 피로도 관련 조사를 수행하여 이론적 근거를 수립하였고 다양한 고속도로 표본 구간을 선정하여 차량 내 3축 가속도를 측정하였다. 도로 상태별로 ISO-2631에 준한 주파수별 가속도 값을 분류화함으로써 노면상태에 따른 인체에 미치는 진동 가속도 수준을 정량화할 수 있었다. 연구 결과, 전반적으로 인체에 미치는 피로도는 IRI가 높은 콘크리트 포장이 크게 유발시키는 것으로 나타났으며, SMA 포장과 다이아몬드그라인딩이 적용된 콘크리트 포장은 상대적으로 피로도가 낮은 것으로 나타났다.

In this work, the silver nanoparticles have been synthesized by electrical explosion of wire in three liquid mediums: deionized water (DIW), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) solutions. Absorption in the UV-visible region of these suspensions was measured in the range of 300-800 nm. A surface plasmon peak was observed at ~400 nm in all suspensions in measured wavelength range. Particle size was analyzed by transmission electron microscope. It showed that the particles had nearly spherical shape in all samples. The average particle sizes prepared in DIW, PVP and SDBS solution were 37, 31 and 27 nm, respectively. Stability of the suspensions was estimated by multiple light scattering method. The presence of PVP and SDBS surfactants in the exploding medium resulted in enhanced stability of the silver suspensions.

This study aims to analyze the performance of a submersible fish cage which was designed for developing an economical cage system can be applied in korean aquaculture environment easily. To analyze the performance of the designed cage a model test was carried out. In the test, inclination changes of the upper frame and mooring tensions of model cage were measured during the submerging and surfacing motion in still water and wave condition (period: 2s, wave height: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3m). As a result, in the still water condition the model cage kept horizontal balance and inclination degree of the upper frame was about 1˚. In the wave condition, the model cage showed bilateral symmetric up-and-down motion but the average inclination degree of the upper frame was about 0˚. When the model cage reached at a depth of 1m, the up-and-down motion of the cage was decreased by 12% compared with that of at the surface (period 2s, height 0.3m). In the same wave condition, the maximum and average line tension under the bottom position were about 8% and 11% respectively compared with that of at surface.

본 연구는 돈분슬러지에 함유되어 있는 구리와 아연을 제거하여 합리적인 돈분슬러지 자원화비료 생산법을 연구하였고, 돈분슬러지 자원화비료를 시비 후 사일리지 옥수수의 생육특성과 사료가치를 조사하여 돈분슬러지 자원화비료의 효용성을 평가하였다. 돈분슬러지의 화학적 특성으로 질소와 인산의 함량은 각각 4.4와 6.29%였으며, 구리와 아연의 함량은 각각 805와 이었다. 구연산을 유기산 용액으로 제조하여 돈분슬러지의 구리와 아연 제거율은 유기산용액의 혼합비율이

In this paper Using a TTP to the experimental study on the stability of the Submerged breakwaters would like to perform. Experiment conditions consisted of structure conditions and incident wave conditions. Submerged breakwater which consisted of two layer installed in wave flume. height and crest width of submerged breakwaters are 8.6cm and 80cm, respectively. The three types of TTP were used: normal type, safety type, safety type(connect). In this study, rocking rate of submerged breakwater applied the general definition in Shore Protection Manual. Damage in terms of displaced blocks is generally given as the relative displacement, D, defined as the proportion of displaced blocks relative to the total number of blocks. Rocking rate was plotted in Figure 5 as function of Lb/L0. h=2.0hs, T=2sec case rocking rate of normal tetrapod are 57.1 %, safety tetrapod are nonrocking. Experimental result shown that stability of safety tetrapod higher than normal tetrapod.

This study compared the stability of the cervical spine according to the presence of neck pain and deep neck flexor performance. Thirty subjects with neck pain, and thirty subjects without neck pain were recruited for this study. The Cranio-cervical flexion (CCF) test was applied using a pressure biofeedback unit to classify the subjects into four subgroups; no cervical pain and good deep neck flexor performance (NG group), no cervical pain and poor deep neck flexor performance (NP group), cervical pain and good deep neck flexor performance (PG group), and cervical pain and poor deep neck flexor performance (PP group). The head sway angle was measured using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. A 3-kg weight was used for external perturbation with the subject sitting in a chair in the resting and erect head positions with voluntary contraction of the deep neck flexors. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed with a Bonferroni post hoc test. The deep neck flexor performance differed significantly among the four groups (p<.05). The NG group had significantly greater deep neck flexor performance than NP and PP groups. The stability of the cervical spine also differed significantly among the four groups in the resting head position (p<.05). The head sway angle was significantly smaller in NG group as compared with the other groups. The PP group had the greatest head sway angle in the resting head position. However, there was no significant difference in the stability of the cervical spine among the groups in the erect head position with voluntary contraction of deep neck flexors (p=.57). The results of this study suggest that the deep neck flexor performance is important for maintaining the stability of cervical spine from external perturbation.

In this paper, trends of the widely used stability indices (SIs) and environmental parameters (EPs) were examined by using the 30-year routine rawinsonde data observed in three upper air observatories (Osan, Gwangju and Pohang) over South Korea. To take into account of the contribution of water vapor to a parcel density, we applied the virtual temperature correction in calculating the SIs and EPs. The trends of SIs and EPs indicated significant increases of temperature and moisture contents, especially at the low-to-mid troposphere during the last 10 years. The warming trend in the lower troposphere shows about 3 times greater than that of the global average (+0.10- +0.20˚C/10 years), whereas the cooling trend of lower stratosphere demonstrates a similar trend with the global average (-0.33- -0.60˚C/10 years). The vertical stability is clearly reduced due to the unsymmetrical change of atmospheric elements. The unstabilizing trend with the increased moisture contents gradually changed the atmospheric environment in South Korea into the conditions favorable for the occurrence of severe weather or intensifications of such events. These trends are consistent with the recent observations, which showed clear increase in the intensity and frequency of heavy rainfalls.

Marine casualties of vessel are said to be in most case caused by human error, but it would be valid for the assumption that the ship is built with high quality and then should be acceptable to the safety standards. It means that the inherent characteristics of a ship should be the first consideration on the safety of ship. Therefore it is basically necessary for navigator to grasp the inherent stability of his ship and ensure that the ship complies with the minimum statutory standards of stability. This study is to realize the stability of the Korean offshore large purseiner varying with loading conditions by the inclining data and some calculations. The author compared the stability of the ship with IMO criteria and domestic rule, and proposed some improvement for the safety of the ship. The results are summarized as follows ; The values of GM of the ship according to the loading condition in navigation satisfy both of the IMO criteria and the domestic rule, but in case of the area under the GZ curves between the heel angles of 30˚ and 40˚, and the heel angle occuring the maximum righting lever not satisfy the IMO rule at the fishing ground departure and arrival conditions in the haul in net situation. The initial metacentric height of the ship is very large, but the range of stability and the occurring angle of the maximum GZ are very small, so even small inclining can bring about the beam end. The best method of improvement for that is to increase the freeboard of the model among the variables.

본 연구에서는 원형 박판 구조물의 안정성에 대하여 해석 하였다. 임계하중은 하중을 점차적으로 증가하여 구조물이 파괴가 발생하여 안정성을 상실 하는 상태에서 가장 작은 하중을 의미한다. 판구조의 안정성을 임계하중의 크기로 기초를 두고 해석 하였다. 원형 박판구조의 차분해석은 일반 판구조와 같으므로 최근에 많은 연구의 대상이 되어왔다. 차분법은 복잡한 구조물에서도 물론, 다양한 경계조건을 포함하는 문제에 이르기까지 효과적인 수치방법이다. 본 연구에서는 기본