간행물
한국초지조사료학회지 KCI 등재 Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland Science
- 발행기관 한국초지조사료학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 계간
- ISSN 2287-5824 (Print)2287-5832 (Online)
- 수록기간 1978 ~ 2024
- 주제분류 농수해양 > 축산학 농수해양 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 527DDC 636
권호리스트/논문검색
Vol. 32 No. 4 (2012년 12월) 14건
1.
2012.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
It has been known that endophyte (Neotyphodium coenophialum) is beneficial to tall fescue (Schedonorus phoenix Scop.) because the mutualistic endophyte is able to confers tolerance against abiotic and biotic stresses to tall fescue. However, this fungal endophyte produces toxic alkaloid resulting in negative effects on animal performance. Recently, Non-toxic endophyte have been developed and inserted into tall fescue to avoid detrimental effect on animal but remaining positive influence on tall fescue. In order to keep this beneficial impact, it is essential to have endophyte infected tall fescue through vertical transmission from maternal plants to seeds. Little research has been carried out on endophyte transmission. To get basic information related to endophyte transmission, experiment was conducted to examine the effect of plant genotype on endophyte transmission under water stresses. Overall endophyte concentration in seeds was higher than that in panicles and endophyte concentration in seeds and panicles relied on plant. This study revealed that drought is not a critical component to control the endophyte transmission from maternal plants to seeds. Plant genotype is an important factor controlling the endophyte transmission from plant to seed.
4,000원
2.
2012.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study was conducted to observe the fermentative quality and anthocyanin content in whole crop colored barley silage during storage periods and anthocyanin stability in in vitro ruminal fluid. Silages of colored barley cultivar “Boanchalbori” and normal barley cultivar “Yuyeonbori” were stored during 0, 2, 4, 6, and 12 months. The in vitro ruminal fluid was fermented for 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hrs. For the feed value, crude protein of colored barley silage was slightly increased in the silage compared to that of normal barley silage, and being increased up to 2 months after ensiling and thereafter maintained at the similar level. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents of both the barley significantly increased by prolonged storage of 2 months (p<0.05), but they were maintained at the constant level after 2 months of storing silage. Whereas TDN (total digestible nutrients) contents of them were decreased by the prolonged storage of 2 months (p<0.05), then maintained at the constant levels. The fermentative quality and pH values in both the barley silages were slightly decreased during the storage time. Lactic acid and acetic acid contents were increased during prolonged storage period, but not significantly different among treatments. Butyric acid was not detected. In the colored barley silage, pH value showed slightly lower compared to that of the normal barley silage but not significant, and lactic acid content was significantly higher than the normal barley silage (p<0.05). The total anthocyanin content in the whole crop colored barley silage decreased to 42% after 2 months of ensilage, however maintained at the constant level until 12 months of ensilage. In the case of anthocyanin stability on in vitro ruminal fluid digestion, the pH value of the ruminal fluid was slightly lower at 6, 12, 24, 48h incubation time and the content of anthocyanin was at similar levels. These results indicated that the colored barley showed higher fermentation quality, and total anthocyanin content was maintained stable at 42% level of the first value in storing silage. As the anthocyanin had higher stability in the ruminal fluid, the colored barley has a potential as functional feeds for Ruminants.
4,000원
3.
2012.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Sulphur deficiency has become widespread over the past several decades in most of the agricultural area. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is a very sensitive to S limitation which is becoming reduction of quality and productivity of forage. Few studies have assessed the sulphur mobilization in the source-sink relationship, very little is known about the regulatory mechanism in interaction between sulphur and nitrogen during the short-term sulphur deficiency. In this study, therefore, amount of sulphur and nitrogen incorporated into amino acids and proteins as affected by different S-supplied level (Control: 1 mM SO4 2 , S-deficiency: 0.1 mM SO4 2 , and S-deprivation: 0 mM SO4 2 ) were examined. The amount of sulphur in sulphate (S-sulphate) was significantly decreased by 25.8% in S-deprivation condition, compare to control, but not nitrogen in nitrate (N-nitrate). The markedly increase of sulphur and nitrogen incorporated amino acids (S-amino acids and N-amino acids) was observed in both S-deficiency and S-deprivation treatments. The amount of nitrogen incorporated proteins (N-protein) was strongly decreased as sulphur availability while the amount of sulphur incorporated into proteins (S-protein) was not affected. A highly significant (p<0.001) relationship between S-sulphate and S-amino acid was observed whereas the increase of N-amino acids is closely associated with decrease of N-proteins. These data indicate that increase of sulphur and nitrogen incorporated into amino acids was from different nitrogen and sulphur metabolites, respectively.
4,000원
4.
2012.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritive value and the quality of ensiled kenaf after fermentation with three cultivars at three different times of harvesting. Experimental plot were allocated with three harvest date (Early;8/3, medium;8/15 and late;8/28) and three cultivars (Tainung-a, Everglade, Whitten). The DM (dry matter) yield increased with maturity in all three cultivars, especially in Whitten which showed the highest yield at each harvest time. The DM content in Whitten at late harvesting time was higher than other treatments (231 g kg 1DM). The CP (crude protein) contents of the kenaf silage of all three cultivars ranged from 151 to 164 g kg 1. Highest content of NDF (neutral detergent fiber) was observed in Everglade at medium harvesting date, but the ADF (acid detergent fiber) content was highest in Everglade at early harvesting date (p<0.05). All treatments produced a pH less than 4.0, which is sufficient for stable storage. The pH of Tainung-a was higher than other cultivars at all harvesting times (p<0.05). Whitten showed the higher content of lactic acid (25.8 g kg 1 DM) showed at early harvesting date than other cultivars (p<0.05), while the acetic acid content (21.1 g kg 1 DM) was higher in Tainung-a at medium harvesting date (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed in ammonia-Nand butyric acid concentrations among all treatments. These results indicate that a kenaf silage could be used as fodder for ruminants. Especially, the Whitten harvested at late growing stage showed promise as a forage silage crop under Koran environments.
4,000원
5.
2012.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
The present study was conducted to develop persimmon peel, a by-product of dried persimmon manufacturing, as a feed additive via lactic acid bacteria fermentation. Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactobacillus plantarum, and three strains of Leuconostoc mesenteroides were used as a starter culture in the solid state fermentation of persimmon peel, and antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content were assessed. Leuconostoc mesenteroides KCTC 3100 showed high antioxidant activity (p<0.05), whereas Pediococcus pentosaceus showed high total polyphenol content (p<0.05). These two strains were thus selected as starter culture strains. Glucose, sucrose and molasses were used as variables for optimization and a total 15 experimental runs were produced according to Box-Behnken design. Regarding significant effects of variables, molasses showed linear and square effects on antioxidant activity of persimmon peel fermentation (p<0.05). In conclusion, optimum concentrations of glucose, sucrose, and molasses were determined to be 4.2, 3.9 and 5.3 g/L, respectively, using a response surface model. Antioxidant activity was also improved 2.5 fold after optimization.
4,000원
6.
2012.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study was performed out to investigate the influence of the mixed application of chemical fertilizer (CF) and liquid swine manure (LSM) on the growth characteristics, dry matter yield, amino acids, minerals, and free sugars in cultivating silage corn on paddy soils. The field experiment was designed in a randomized block design of 3 repetitions with CF 100% treatment (C), CF 70% + LSM 30% treatment (T1), CF 50% + LSM 50% treatment (T2), CF 30% + LSM 70% treatment (T3), and LSM 100% treatment (T4). At this time, the application of LSM was based solely on the nitrogen. Ear length, ear circle, stem diameter, and stem hardness of the silage corn did not show significant differences between treatments. Fresh yield, dry matter yield and TDN yield were highest in T3, whereas the lowest in C treatment (p<0.05). Crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash content were significantly higher in T1, C, and T4 treatment, respectively (p<0.05). However, NDF, ADF and crude fiber content did not show significant difference between treatments. The total mineral content decreased significantly (p<0.05) as the LSM application rate increased. Total composition amino acid content was higher in the order of T1 > T2 > C > T4 > T3 treatment (p<0.05). Free sugar content was higher in the order of T1 > T3 > T4 > T2 > C treatment (p<0.05). Based on the above results, suggests that the mixed application of chemical fertilizer 30 50% and LSM 50~70% (T2 and T3) is the most effective, considering the yield performance and the content of sugar degree and free sugar affecting silage.
4,000원
7.
2012.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
In this study, the in vitro fermentation parameters of whole crop barley (WCBS-TMR) and Italian ryegrass (IRGS-TMR) silage total mixed rations were compared. A rice straw based diet (RSBD), which was a mixture of rice straw and concentrate (60:40), was used as the control. The feeds were incubated in buffered rumen fluid for 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours at 39°C. At the end of each incubation period the following parameters were determined, total gas, pH, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), volatile fatty acids (VFA) and then the acetate to propionate ratio (A/P) was calculated. The dietary treatments did not affect (p>0.05) the overall production of NH3-N, gas, total VFA and all the individual VFA, with the exception of n-butyrate (p<0.001). The treatment diets significantly affected the A/P ratio (p<0.01). The control diet resulted in the lowest A/P ratios, followed by WCBS-TMR and lastly IRGS-TMR had the highest ratios. Gas production was not different between treatments, suggesting a probable similar level of digestibility when treatments are fed to animals. It can therefore be concluded from the present study that WCBS and IRGS are of almost an equivalent nutritional value when incubated in a TMR form. WCBS-TMR however resulted in lower A/P ratios than IRGS-TMR, which is indicative of a more energy efficient diet.
4,000원
8.
2012.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
A study was conducted to determine the dietary effects of Na-bentonite (NaB) and probiotics on meat characteristics and health of Hanwoo steers fed rice straw as a sole roughage source. A total of 24 growing Hanwoo steers (avg BW 232 kg) were assigned to two treatments which included a control diet (concentrate mix and rice straw) and a treatment diet (control diet + 0.5-1.0% NaB + 0.5-1.0% probiotics. The diets were fed for 22 months up to the time the animals were slaughtered. Dietary treatment increased (p<0.05) concentrations of trace minerals such as Zn, Cu, and Fe in the longissimus muscle compared to the control. The treatment diet did not affect cold carcass weight, yield traits such as backfat thickness, longissimus muscle area, yield index, yield grade and quality traits such as marbling score, meat color, fat color, texture, maturity and quality grade. Blood profiles of growing steers were within the normal ranges for healthy cattle. In conclusion, feeding a combination of clay mineral and probiotics to Hanwoo steers fed rice straw as a sole roughage source could have a desirable effect on improving trace mineral retention in longissimus muscle without any deleterious effects on carcass traits of steers.
4,500원
9.
2012.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of stocking density on eating and ruminating behavior of Hanwoo steers (Bos taurus coreanae) in the finishing period. A total of 30 finishing Hanwoo steers (631.3 ± 11.4 kg, 25 months old) were allocated to one of four stocking density groups comprising 1, 2, 3, and 4 steers per 32 m2 pen [G1 (32 m2), G2 (16 m2), G3 (10.7 m2) and G4 (8 m2), respectively] in triplicate. Eating, rumination behaviors, as well as dry matter intake of steers were measured, and the results were subjected to analysis of variance with stocking density as the main effect. The results of eating behaviors over 48 hours are summarized as follows: Total intake was significantly (p<0.01) higher in G1, G2, and G3 compared to G4. Eating time was not different among the treatments, whereas ruminating time increased in the order of G1 > G2 > G3 > G4 (p<0.01). However, resting time and chewing time (sum of eating and ruminating) were not significantly different among the treatments. Number of boluses and number of total chews were highest in G1 (p<0.01), whereas number of chews per bolus was highest in G3 (p<0.01). Ruminating time per bolus as well as number of boluses per minute was not significantly different among the treatments. Number of defecations was higher in G1 and G2 animals compared to G3 and G4 animals (p<0.01). However, stocking density had no effect on drinking or urination. In conclusion, increasing stocking density (i.e. G4) per pen decreased voluntary intake, ruminating time, and total chewing number in the finishing period of Hanwoo steers. However, care must be taken in discussing stocking density in the present study as the space allowance per animal was satisfactory to meet the current animal welfare regulation in Korea and in Europe, although the beef production system in Korea is more intensive than in Europe.
4,000원
10.
2012.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
본 연구에서는 관상용으로써 가치가 없어지면 잡초로 변해 버린 유채를 조사료원으로써 이용하기 위한 방법을 모색하기 위해서 천안에위치한 국립축산과학원 자원개발부 초지사료포장에서 수행되었다. 유채는 생육시기별 3회(개화기, 유숙기, 호숙기)에 걸쳐 수확을 하여 사일리지를 제조한 후 사료가치 및 품질을 조사하였다. 수확시기가 늦어짐에 따라 수분함량은감소하는 경향을 보였으며 예건에 의해서 사일리지 제조 적기 수분함량을 유지하였다. 그리고 호숙기는 거의 헤일리지 수준의 수분함량을나타냈다. 유채의 원형곤포 사일리지는 수확시기가 늦어짐에 따라 조단백질 함량은 감소하는경향을 보였으나(p<0.05) 섬유소인 ADF 및NDF 함량은 증가하는 경향을 보였다(p<0.05).그리고 유채 사일리지의 TDN 함량도 수확시기가 늦어짐에 따라 감소되었다(p<0.05). 수확시기에 따른 사일리지의 pH는 3.8~4.4을 유지하였으며, 호숙기의 pH는 개화기나 유숙기 보다 높았다(p<0.05) 그리고 수확시기가 늦어짐에 따라 젖산 함량은 증가하였으나(p<0.05) 초산 함량은 감소하였다(p<0.05). Flieg법에 의한유채의 원형곤포 사일리지의 품질등급은 개화기(100), 유숙기(100) 및 호숙기(88) 모두 우수등급을 나타났다.
4,000원
11.
2012.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
중산간지 휴경답에서 돈분액비를 이용한 다년생 목초 재배 시험을 수행하였다. 장소는 충남 금산이며 처리는 화학비료를 이용한 톨 페스큐 위주 혼파조합(대조구)과 돈분액비를 시용한 톨 페스큐(Fawn) 단파구, 페레니얼 라이그라스(Reveille) 단파구, 톨 페스큐 위주 혼파조합(톨 페스큐 16, 오차드그라스 6, 페레니얼라이그라스 4, 켄터키블루그라스 2, 화이트클로버 2 (kg/ha), 극만생 이탈리안 라이그라스(Ace), 레드클로버(Kenland) 단파구 및 리드 카나리그라스(Venture) 단파구를 두었다. 건물수량 및 목초율은 톨 페스큐 단파구, 톨 페스큐위주 혼파구, 리드 카나리그라스가 우수하여이 초종과 혼파 조합이 중산간지 휴경답에서돈분액비를 이용하여 초지를 조성 이용할 경우유리한 것으로 판명되었다. 또한 이 처리구의ha당 건물생산성은 14.5톤 이상으로 중산간지휴경답이 목초 재배에 매우 유리함을 입증하고있다. 또한 다년생 목초의 도입으로 매년 경운파종이 반복되는 번거로움을 생략할 수 있는유리함도 있다. 또한 사료가치와 기호성이 높은 레드클로버나 페레니얼 라이그라스는 영속성이 낮으나 보파 등 관리방법의 개선을 통해이용이 가능할 수 있을 것이다. 이와 같이 중산간지 휴경답에 적합한 초종이나 혼파조합을이용하면 생력적으로 사료가치와 기호성이 높은 양질목초의 고위 생산성을 달성할 수 있음이 입증되었다.
4,000원
12.
2012.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
이 연구는 동계 사료맥류를 활용하여 건초대용 양질 헤일리지의 생산 가능성을 검토하기위하여 맥종별 수확시기, 적정 건조시간 및 헤일리지 품질을 분석하였다. 그 결과 수확시기가 늦어질수록 건물수량과 TDN 수량은 높아지는 경향이었고, 단백질과 NDF, ADF 함량은 낮아지는 경향을 보였다(p<0.05). 헤일리지 조제를 위한 건조시간은 청보리, 귀리, 트리티케일,총체밀 모두 유숙기에는 수분함량이 높음과 동시에 기상온도도 높지 않으므로 32시간 이상예건이 필요하고, 황숙기에는 8~24시간 정도예건이 필요하며, 완숙기에는 예건이 필요 없었다. 호밀은 출수 후 10일에는 32시간 이상,출수 후 20일, 30일에서는 24시간 이상 예건이필요하였다. 헤일리지 발효품질에서 pH는 모든맥종에서 모두 수확시기가 늦어질수록 높아지는 경향을 보였고, 젖산함량은 유숙기에 가장높은 값을 보였고, 수확시기가 늦어질수록 감소하였다(p<0.05). 초산도 수확시기가 늦어짐에따라 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 낙산은 검출되지 않았다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합하여 볼 때,사료맥류로 헤일리지 조제 시 단백질함량이나발효품질 면에서는 수확이 빠를수록 유리하지만 우리나라 기상조건으로 볼 때 예건의 어려움이 있으므로, 호밀은 청예나 사일리지로 이용을 하고 청보리와 귀리, 트리티케일, 총체밀은 황숙기에 수확하여 8~24시간 정도 예건하면헤일리지로 이용 가능성이 있는 것으로 판단되었다.
4,000원
13.
2012.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
본 연구는 흑염소 비육에 있어서 조사료원이 볏짚 단용인 경우 농후사료 급여수준이 흑염소의 사료섭취량, 체중변화, 도체특성 및 경제성에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 실시하였다. 비육 흑염소 40두를 공시하여 농후사료 급여수준을 체중의 1.5% (T1), 2.0% (T2, 농가관행), 2.5% (T3) 및 자유채식구(T4)로 나누어 급여 하였고 조사료는 볏짚을 자유채식 시켰으며그 결과는 다음과 같다. 볏짚인 조사료 섭취량은 농후사료 급여수준이 증가 할수록 감소하였으며, 흑염소의 일당증체량은 체중대비 농후사료 급여수준 1.5, 2.0, 2.5% 및 자유채식구가각각 22, 50, 69 및 94 g으로 농후사료 급여수준이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였다(p <0.05). 비육 흑염소의 도체율은 농후사료 급여수준을 체중비 1.5, 2.0, 2.5% 및 자유채식 시켰을 때 각각 41.77, 42.78, 46.12 및 49.78%로농후사료 급여 수준이 증가할수록 증가하였으며(p<0.05), 지방률도 농후사료 급여수준이 증가 할수록 유의적으로 증가하였다. 경제성 분석에서는 농후사료 급여수준이 증가할수록 소득은 증가하였으며, 자유채식구가 두당 34,270원으로 가장 소득이 높았다. 이상의 결과를 종합적으로 고려할 때 조사료 자원이 볏짚 단용일 경우 비육 흑염소의 농후사료 급여 수준은자유채식 시키는 것이 사료이용성, 발육, 도체율 및 경제성에서 가장 유리할 것으로 사료되며, 흑염소의 비육을 위한 조사료 자원으로서볏짚 단용은 농후사료비의 가중을 가져오므로앞으로는 흑염소 비육을 위한 새로운 조사료자원의 개발이 필요하다고 하겠다.
4,000원
14.
2012.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
조사료 재배 적지 기준 설정을 위한 연구의 일환으로, 국가적 사업으로 구축되어 있는 토양과 기후 데이터베이스를 이용하여, Italianryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam., IRG)를 대상으로 강원도에서의 재배 가능 지역을 분류하였다. 토양 데이터베이스는 국립농업과학원의 흙토람에서, 기상 데이터베이스는 국립농림기상센터에서 받았다. 토양 요인 항목으로는 토양물리성인 토성, 배수, 경사, 유효 토심 및 암반노출 등, 토양 화학성인 토양 산도, 토양 염류도 및 유기물 함량 등을 선정하고, 이들의 기준값 및 가중치를 설정하였다. 기후 요인 항목으로는 1월 일최저평균온도, 3~5월의 평균온도,9~12월의 5'C 이상 일수, 10월~익년 5월의 강수일수와 강수량을 선정하고 기준값 및 가중치를 설정하였다. 토양 요인의 관점에서 강원도에서 IRG의 재배가능지 및 재배최적지는 영동지방의 경우 고성, 속초, 양양, 강릉, 동해 및삼척이며 주로 경사가 완만한 해안 지역에 분포하고 있었다. 영서지방은 철원, 양구, 춘천,원주, 횡성, 평창 및 정선에 주로 분포하고 있었다. 단 영동지방의 경우 서쪽 급경사인 태백산맥은 재배불가지이며, 경사가 완만한 해안지역을 중심으로 재배가능지 이상이었다. 기후요인의 관점에서 강원도에서 IRG의 재배가능지 또는 재배최적지로 영동지방의 경우 고성,속초, 양양, 강릉, 동해 및 삼척의 해안 지역이해당되었다. 영서지방의 경우 대부분의 지역이 재배 불리 지역으로 분류되었다. 일부 춘천과원주에서 60점 이상인 지역에서는 재배 관리에신중을 기해야 한다.
4,000원
