Desorption characteristics of VOCs were investigated for the effective recovery of gasoline vapor. The adsorption capacity and desorption capacity were excellent at relatively low temperatures. The differences in the desorption capacity were not large in the condition; desorption temperature 25℃, desorption pressure 760 mmHg, inlet air flow rate 0.5 L/min, but were relatively great in the condition; desorption temperature 0℃, desorption pressure 60 mmHg, inlet air flow rate 1.0 L/min. The desorption ability of pentane was increased to about 81.4%, and the desorption ability of hexane was increased to about 102%, also the desorption ability of toluene was increased to about 156.7% by changes of temperature, pressure, inlet air flow rate in the experimental conditions. The optimum desorption condition for the effective recovery of VOCs was in the conditions; desorption temperature 0℃, desorption pressure 60 mmHg, inlet air flow rate 1.0 L/min.

This study analyzed concentration and characteristics of hazardous substances in treatment of leachate from carcass burial areas by using high temperature thermal desorption (HTTD). Concentrations of pollutants emitted from HTTD treatment of leachate contaminated soil of carcass burial sites satisfied the emission standards for 11 pollutants from domestic waste incineration facilities. Dioxin concentration was 0.0060 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 and 0.0061 (0.0055-0.0070) ng ITEQ/ Sm3 in the normal operation condition and the experimental condition, respectively, which are much lower than the MSWI Standard of 0.1ng I-TEQ/Sm3. As a result, it was considered that leachate from carcass burial areas could be treated by high temperature thermal desorption (HTTD).

The purpose of this work is to study the desorption characteristics of water vapor on zeolites saturated with water vapor. Three kinds of zeolite; zeolite 3A, zeolite 4A, and zeolite 5A were used as adsorbent. The desorption experiments with several different temperatures in the range of 90∼150℃ and several different flow rates in the ranges of 0∼0.4 L/min on zeolite bed were carried out. The desorption ability of water vapor was most effective on zeolite 5A among the compared zeolites. The higher the desorption temperature of water vapor was, the faster the desorption velocity was. The desorption ability of water vapor with an air supply was higher than that without an air supply. The most appropriate air flow rate was considered as 0.1 L/min.

The purpose of this work is to study the adsorption and desorption characteristics of acetone vapor and toluene vapor from adsorption tower in the VOCs recovery device. The six kinds of activated carbon with different pore structures were used and the adsorption and desorption characteristics were compared according to pore structure, desorption temperature, and adsorption method, respectively. Adsorption capacity of acetone vapor and toluene vapor by batch method was higher than that by dynamic method. Especially, activated carbon with medium-sized or large pores had more difference in adsorption capacity according to adsorption methods as a result of gradually condensation of vapors on relatively mesopore and large pores. Activated carbons with relatively large pores and relatively small saturated adsorption capacity had excellent desorption ability.

Cereal seeds, sorghum, foxtail millet, hog millet, adlay, and corn are traditionally used as health assistant as well as energy supplying food in Korea. While beneficial phytochemicals to human have revealed in cereals, the information on peptides from cereals is far less accumulated than major reserve protein. Here, we analyzed peptide profiles using surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS) in cereal seeds for construction of peptide information and attempted to develop peptide biomarkers for cereal identification. To optimize the analysis condition of SELDI-TOF MS, the effect of dilution factor on binding affinity to protein chips was tested using CM10 and Q10 arrays. Peptide clusters were significantly different at the level of 0.01 p-value. Peak spectra were the most stable in 1:50 of dilution factor in both chip arrays. Numbers of detected peak of 5 cereal seeds were 131 in CM10 and 74 in Q10 array. Each cereal was grouped as a cluster and well discriminated into different cluster in the level of 0.01 p-value. Numbers of potentially identified peptide biomarkers are 11, 13, 9, 5 and 12 in sorghum, foxtail millet, hog millet, adlay and corn, respectively. This study demonstrates that each cereal seed have own distinguishable specific peptides although their function are not identified yet in this study. In addition, the proteomic profiling using SELDI-TOF MS techniques could be a useful and powerful tool to discover peptide biomarker for discrimination and assess crop species, especially under 20 kDa.

Discovery, identification, and informatics of low molecular weight peptide are extensively rising in the field of proteomics research. In this study, we analyzed protein profiles to discover peptide based biomarker for twelve different soybean seeds with three different agronomic types using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS). For optimization of SELDI-TOF MS in soybean seed proteome analysis, four different extraction buffers were tested with urea solubilization buffer, thiourea/urea solubilization buffer, phenol extraction buffer, and modified trichloroacetic acid (TCA)/acetone precipitation/urea solubilization extraction buffer. Two different type of ProteinChip arrays, cation exchange (CM10) and anion exchange (Q10), applied to profile peptides. Among the four different extraction buffers, phenol extraction was selected to protein extraction methodology. Numbers of detected peak cluster in twelve soybean seeds were 125 at CM10 and 90 at Q10 array in the mass range from 2 to 40 kDa. Among them, 82 peak clusters at CM10 and 33 peak clusters at Q10 array showed significantly different peak clusters at p<0.00004 (CM10) and p<0.00005 (Q10) among twelve different soybean cultivars. Moreover, 29 peak clusters at CM10 and 17 peak clusters at Q10 array were detected in all cultivars as an ‘universally existed peptide’. In comparison with three different agronomic types, total of 55 peak clusters (CM10) and 23 peak clusters (Q10) were significantly different peak clusters at p<0.00004 and p<0.0001, respectively. In these probability levels, soybean seeds were well discriminated into different cultivar and different type with each other. Also we could find several specific peptide biomarkers for agronomic type.

Toluene desorption of modified activated carbon for microwave irradiation was evaluated. As a virgin GAC reacted from microwave energy, it created an "arcing" between GAC particles in desorption process. The arcing became more and more vigorous and achieved a red flame of GAC. The silica coated GAC(Si/GAC) was developed to prevent arcing phenomenon and temperature control problem. The result shows virgin GAC with 5wt%, 10wt% and 20wt% silica had no arcing and could control temperature very well. However, the adsorption rate of Si/GAC was decreased by coated silica amount due to decreasing surface area of GAC. The 5wt% Si/GAC adsorption rate was quite similar to virgin GAC adsorption rate. After adsorption, the toluene-loaded GAC and Si/GAC was reactivated by 2450MHz MW irradiation with 300W for 5 min. Quantitative desorption of the toluene was achieved at MW irradiation at 300W with desorption efficiencies as high as 98.59% to 84.65%% after four cycles.

카올리나이트 KGa-1b (표준 점토)의 인산염 탈착 특성을 규명하기 위하여 벳치(batch) 흡착-탈착 실험을 실시하였으며, 탈착 과정은 연속추출법에 따라 pH 4에서 시행하였다. 인의 함량은 UV 분광분석기를 시용하여 측정하였으며, 이 때 파장은 820 nm를 이용하였다. 카올리나이트의 인산염 흡착-탈착 반응은 비가역적으로 일어나며, 흡착된 대부분의 인산염은 고착되는 경향을 나타낸다. 인산염 탈착 등온선은 반응 시간이 짧은 경우 프로인드리히 등온선에, 반응 시간이 긴 경우 탬킨 등온선에 더 일치하는 경향을 보인다. 인산염 탈착 반응은 초기의 빠른 반응과, 후기의 느린 반응으로 구분된다. 흡착된 인산염의 농도가 높아질수록 탈착률은 감소하는 경향을 보이며, 탈착 시간이 길어지면 탈착률은 감소하는 경향을 보여준다.

카올리나이트 KGa-2 (표준 점토)의 인산염 흡착-탈착 특성을 규명하기 위하여 벳치(batch) 흡착 실험을 실시하였으며, 흡착 상태를 알아보기 위하여 ATR-FTIR (Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared) 분광분석을 실시하였다. 인의 함량은 UV-VIS-IR 분광분석 기를 사용하여 측정하였으며, 이 때 파장은 820 nm를 이용하였다. pH 4에서 pH 9 범위 내에서 카올리나이트 KGa-2의 인산염 흡착량은 pH가 증가하면 대체적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내지만, 인산염 농도에 따라 매우 다른 형태를 보여준다. 카올리나이트 KGa-2의 인산염 흡착 특성은 랑미어 흡착등온선, 템킨 흡착등온선, 프로인드리히 흡착등온선 순으로 잘 부합하며, 랑미어 최대 흡착능은 204.1~256.5 mg/kg, 평균간은 232.5 mg/kg으로서, 카올리나이트 KGa-1b에 비하여 높은 인산염 흡착능을 가진다. 카올리나이트에 흡착된 대부분의 인산염이 탈착되기보다, 광물 내에 고착되는 경향을 나타내지만 이에 대해서는 후속적인 실험이 필요한 것으로 판단된다. ATR~FTIR 스펙트럼에서 카올리나이트에 의한 흡수피크의 위치가 인 피크와 거의 중첩되고, 카올리나이트에 의한 흡수 피크의 강도가 인 피크에 비하여 월등히 크기 때문에 카올리나이트에 흡착된 인에 의한 피크를 카올리나이트 자체에 의한 피크로부터 분리하는 것이 거의 불가능하였다.

This paper describes the adsorption/desorpton efficiency of a modified activated carbon by irradiated microwave to treat toluene. By employing microwave energy, the regeneration time was considerably shortened compared with conventional thermal heating regeneration. New adsorbent called ACB(Activated Carbon-Bentonite) was prepared from powder activated carbon with mixing bentonite as a binder. Specific surface area, average pore size and total pore volume of ACB were calculated from the nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm. The surface of ACB was characterized with scanning electron microscope(SEM). The results showed that the specific surface area, total pore volume, average pore size of ABC was not influenced by regenerating cycle with microwave irradiation. Toluene was adsorbed onto ACB which desorbed by MW irradiation. Absorption capacity of ACB was 0.117 gtoluene/ gACB. Desorption efficiency of toluene increased as higher microwave output was applied.

콩(품종 : 태광)에 증류수를 가수한 후 의 오븐에서 함수율 사이의 구간에서 5수준의 일정한 함수율로 건조하여 탈습 시료를 조제한 다음 온도를 씩 증가시키며 5수준(5, 15, 21, 35, )에서 평형상대습도를 측정하고, 농산물의 평형함수율/평형상대습도 예측에 많이 쓰이고 있는 수정 Henderson 모델, 수정 Chung-Pfost 모델, 수정 Halsey 모델, 수정 Oswin 모델, 수정 GAB 모델에 대하여 실험상수를 구하고, 결정계

This study was performed : 1) to establish the experimental analysis conditions for the sorption and desorption of toxic organic contaminants to/from the activated sludge, sediment, and clay, and 2) to determine the sorption and desorption equilibrium coefficients of some representative halogenated aliphatic compounds. Through the preliminary sorption test using Azo dye, a setting of quantitative experimental conditions to determine the sorption and desorption characteristics was decided as follows; equilibration time of 180 minutes, centrifuge for 15 minutes at 5000×g, and 500㎎/ℓ of TOC concentration. The sorption and desorption characteristics of halogenated aliphatic compounds onto activated sludge, sediment and clay could be described very well using the Freundlich isotherm. The preference of the average sorption capacity of the overall compounds showed in the sequence sediment 0.26㎎/g, clay 0.23㎎/g, and activated sludge 0.11㎎/g. The desorption rate of the sorbed compounds onto activated sludge, sediment and clay was approximately 89.8%, 35.3%, and 66.4%, respectively.

Sorption and desorption is an important phenomenon to determine the fate of halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons in the aqueous phase. This study was conducted to develope a predictive equation capable of estimating the sorption and desorption potentials of halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons onto the sludge from activated process, sediment, and clay. It has shown that the sorption and desorption parameters can be accurately estimated using Quantitative Structural Activity Relationship(QSAR) models based on molecular connectivity indexes of test compounds. The QSAR model could be applied to predict the sorption and desorption capacity of the other halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons. The QSAR modeling would provide a useful tool to predict the sorption and desorption capacity without time-consuming experiments.

Laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the behavior of metalaxyl in environment, which was used as pesticide in green soil of golf course and as functions of the characteristics of adsorption, desorption and degradation in soil texture and organic matter contents. Acid water containing metalaxyl was conducted to evaluate the effects on adsorption, desorption and degradation. The adsorption of metalaxyl played more significant role in organic contents than clay contents, and pH increases more pH 2.5 than pH 5.6. The desorption of metalaxyl from contaminants soil decreased higher organic contents LS-soil than S-soil, but the desorption amount of metalaxyl increased more pH 5.6 than pH 2.5. The rate of degradation of metalaxyl in green soil environmental increased higher organic contents LS-soil than S-soil and decreased more pH 2.5 than pH 5.6. These results indicated that the behavior of metalaxyl of the green soil was affected the soil texture of the golf course. Increasing of organic contents, the adsorption amount of metalaxyl on soil increased. Moreover, the decrease of the pH of solution increased adsorption amounts and decreased desorption amounts. As the results, the transportation of metalaxyl in soil decreased the acidic rates. The acidification of soil by the acid rain increased the adsorption amount of metalaxyl, but the degradation of metalaxyl decreased. Therefore, it is possible to sustain contamination in run-off the stream and ground water by residuals in soil.

The biosorption and desorption of Cd were carried out using brown marine algae, known as the good biosorbent of heavy metals. The content of alginate bound to light metals could be changed by the physical and the chemical pretreatment of Sargassum fluitans biomass. The Cd uptake was independent of the alginate content. In case of protonated biomass, Cd uptake was the lowest because the alginic acid of biomass was dissolved to cadmium solution during the biosorption. The maximum Cd uptake of Sargassum biomass was ranged from 79㎎/g to 139㎎/g. In case of raw biomass, the higher the alginate content of biomass, the higher was the Cd uptake. 100% of Cd and light metals sorbed in the biomass were eluted at 0.1N HCl(pH 1.1). However, the elution efficiency in CaCl2 and Ca(NO3)2 solution was varied by the concentration, the solid to liquid ratio and the pH of calcium solution. The distribution coefficient between Cd and protons in the desorption solution at pH ranged from 1.6 to 2.9 was observed on the constant stoichometric coefficient(1.3).

In order to investigate the effects of pH and organic matter content on cadmium adsorption and exchangeable cations desorption in soils, the adsorption isotherms of cadmium and the desorption isotherms of calcium and magnesium on four New Jersey soils at four pH values were plotted, and the cadmium partition coefficients (Kd) were also calculated. The slopes of cadmium adsorption isotherms dramatically increased with increasing solution pH. Judging from Langmuir adsorption equations, the maximum adsorption quantities (b) of cadmium at high pH values were much greater than those at low pH values for the same soil. The partition coefficients increased greatly with increasing solution pH. The slopes of regression equations between partition coefficients and pH values were steep in the order of the organic matter content of the soils. The correlation coefficients (r^2) between partition coefficient and organic matter content for 1 × 10 exp (-4) M increased from 0.3027 at pH 4.0 to 0.9964 at pH 8.5 and from 0.2093 at pH 4.0 to 0.9657 at pH 8.5 for 2×10 exp(-4) M Cd (NO3)2. The desorption quantities of calcium and magnesium decreased with increasing solution pH and increased with increasing cadmium adsorption.