It was explained in detail that the present condition of herb culture in Japanese agriculture and the requirement of crude drugs of good and regulqr very hard hit by the market conditionof crude drugs taking ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer) and Coptis Rhizome (Coptis japon-ica Makino) as examples. It is not too mach to say that the market is now under the control ofcrude drugs imported from China. The main current of herb culture in Japan will be the con-tract agriculture that the seedlings of good and regular quality are received and are cultivateduntil the enough time, and the farm products are directly handed to the medicinal company fol-lowing the example of zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe) .

Many types of compounds have been isolated from higher plants till now, that is, alkaloids, terpenes, lignans, steroids and so on. One of them, named as RA series Cyclic hexapeptides isolated from Rubia akane and R. cordijofia also have strong antineoplastic activity against various types of tumors. Till now 10 kinds ofRA series compounds were isolated and named as RA - I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX and X. Moreover,monogl-ucoside of RA - V newly Isolated from same plant. Many kinds of derivatives including natural RAcompounds were tested for QSAR, and one of them, RA - VII was screened up as a most suitable substance asan antitumor agent. RA - VII(=RA-700) has strong cytotoxic activity against KB cells, P388 Iymphocyticleukemia and MM2 mammary carcinoma cells. RA - VII has been under investigation for Phase I clinical trials.

진정한 교육은 모름지기 전인적 또는 전기능적 인간을 창출하는데 노력을 기울여야 할것이다. 현재 우리의 학교교육은 단편적 지식 습득에 편중된 입시 위주의 교육으로 인지적 교육목표 중에서도 고차원의 교육목표(통합, 평가)를 소홀히 할 뿐 아니라 인지적 발달과 더불어 조화롭게 발달되어야 할 정의적 영역의 학습 경험은 거의 무시되고 있어 12년이란 긴 세월을 교육에 보내고서도 학생들의 전인적 인격 형서에 결함을 드러내고 있다. 해방 이후 지난 40여년 동안 국가 발전이라는 중차대한 목표하에 교육은 개인의 삶의 의미나 가치관 같은 본질적인 문제보다는 국가경제와 직결되는 기술 및 지식의 전수에 몰두해온 것이 사실이며, 그로써 교육의 몫을 크게한 것을 부정할 수는 없다.

This paper comprised a review of published literature dealing with the evaluation of tobacco quality and usability. Evaluation of tobacco quality and usability seems to be difficult not only due to our inability to define them in simple and easily measurable term but also due to their relations to the profitability of tobacco companies and safety of comsumers. Chemical constituents and smoking taste and aroma of the tobacco represent the underlying basis for tobacco quality: however, tobacco is still purchased upon its physical appearance. Grade and value system is very convenient for evaluating the tobacco quality, if the system is based on the triangular relationship of physical appearance, chemical and smoking properties of tobacco, and also based on intrinsic quality of the tobacco independent of external influences. Grade and value system for tobacco in Korea is thought to be influenced by external factors besides intrinsic quality. Therefore, we have to concern new systems that could be supplement to, or replacement for currently available grade and value system.

Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.) is probably the most ancient oilseed crop known in the world. The seed of sesame is used in a variety of ways as food. The whole seed may be eaten raw, either roasted or parched, or fed to birds and stock. Sesame oil is used as a salad or cooking oil, in shortening, margarine and in the manufacture of soap. Minor uses are as a fixative in the perfume industry and formerly as a carrier for fatsoluble substances in pharmaceuticals such as penicillin. One of the minor constituents of sesame oil, sesamin, is used for its synergistic effect in pyrethrin insecticides, in addition of a small quantity of this substance markedly increases the effectiveness of fly sprays. The meal remaining after oil extraction can be used as and animal feed-stuff or as manure. In general sesame meal is considered to be equal to cottonseed or soybean meal as a protein supplement for livestock and poultry. It is especially high in certain amino-acids such as methionine, which is low in soybean meal, and thus can be combined with it or similar meal to form a more balanced ration. An attempt to summarize the literature review on quality improvement of sesame was made to discuss the accomplishments of the past and perspectives in the future. The reviews on quality improvement of sesame were mainly discussed in connection with the cultural practices and genetic informations in current status. The emphasis focussed on environmental variation of quality in cultural practices, such as harvest time, variety by location, climatic condition, fertilizer application, and growth regulator treatment. On the genetic variation of quality, it was discussed on variety background, mutation breeding, correlations, and inheritance of quality related characteristics. It also was discussed on relationship between quality and plant traits, storage condition or period, and seed coat color. Moreover, current research status were reviewed on some minor elements such as sesamin, oxalic acid, and trypsin inhibitor. As a results of the review, the lack of an effort to quality improvement in each utilization area was indicated as a problem area. More active efforts for the improvement of quality were also insufficient to incorporate the available genes for quality in breeding method or collection and analysis of breeding materials. Therefore, researches in the future would be recommended to emphasize on these problem areas.

The purpose of this report is to suggest researchers the future directions for studing barley and wheat quality by reviewing the researches that have been reported on the qualities of them until now as well as by discussing the future prospects in it; to summarize 196 reports, however, is so difficult in many respects that some of them were refered in this review, and only the subjects of all the reports were listed in the reference instead.

Researches on weed control in vegetable and fruits are reviewed in the aspects of technical dissemination of research results and problems to be solved for the establishment of integrated weed control measures. The future researches in relation to the possible changes of cultivation pattern in horticultural crops are also discussed. The current situation of weed control in horticulture in general is classed as a primitive stage comparing to other food crops and is well behind of other advanced countries. It is strongly suggested that only steady and extensive researches in this field will produce a significant contribution to the minimization of labor cost in horticultural crop production.

Upland weed control in Korea has been in dilema with the radical problems prior to weed problems, as it were, poor farming conditions, low yielding, no farmers concern, lack of political cares, and low returns for farming, etc. In these respects, the study was intended to collect all concerns to upland farming conditions and to array all research informations contributed upon Korea upland weeding, and at last interpreted its problems in order of importance. Especially expecting the reasonable and common use herbicides upon the most uplands in Korea, the crop compatibility and weeding efficacy by the most herbicides upon each crops were investigated from the experiment results. Among other interpretations of research results, the most important and first of all acceptance was for the direction and methods of weed research to be rationalized. And that weeding programs in level of upland farmers should be cautionsely and gradually propagated was interpreted to be accepted. Also, for the reasonable development of upland weeding situation in near future, the integrated promotion of upland farming rationalization is suggested by schematic explanations.

수도작에서 잡초방제는 필수적인 바 유초방제체계는 재배적으로는 잡초의 초종과 발생량 및 온도등 변동요인에 의하여, 경영적으로는 노임단가와 곡치 등에 의하여 영향을 받는 바 1950연대 이전에는 인력에 의하여 철저히 방제하여 왔으나 1960연대에는 농업노동역이 감소하 농작업의 성력화가 필요하게 되고 이에 따라 인력제초는 줄고 제초제사용이 늘고 노동생산성향상과 수도수량유지에 많은 공헌을 하였으며 1970연대에는 제초제가 잡초방제수단의 주종을 이루게 되었다. 그러나 현재 제초체계로는 우점초종의 천이와 생태계에 여러가지 영향을 줌으로서 환경보전약인 견지에서도 문제가 되므로 장차에는 다년생잡초에도 유효하고 치묘 또는 모든 수도품종에도 안전한 제초제를 중심으로하고 여기에 생태적, 기계적 및 생물적방제법을 가미한 잡초의 종합적방제체계로의 발전이 바람직스러우며 이를 위하여 방제대상잡초의 생리생태와 제초제작용성 등의 상호관련성구명이 필요시된다.