애기장대의 AtSIZ3(At1g08910) 유전자에 T-DNA를 삽입한 세 종류의 변이형에 저온(4℃), 고온(37℃) 및 건조스트레스를 처리하여 유묘의 생장반응과 유전자 발현을 조사하였다. 저온과 고온처리에 의해서는 야생형과 변이형간에 유묘생장에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 야생형과 변이형 식물체에 10일간의 건조스트레스를 처리하면 야생형은 재 관수에 의해 모든 식물체가 재생하였으나 변이형은 모두 고사하였고, 10일간의 건조처리로 변이형은 야생형에 비해 유묘생장이 평균 62.9%가 억제되는 것으로 나타났다. 야생형에서 AtSIZ3 유전자는 4℃의 저온처리에서 무처리를 보다 20%정도 발현이 감소하는 반면, 37℃ 고온처리에서는 3.7배, 건조처리에서는 4.5배가 증가하였다. 이 결과로 보아 AtSIZ3 유전자는 식물의 건조내성과 밀접한 연관이 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Predicting plant responses to changing atmospheric CO₂ and to the possibility of global warming are important concerns. The CO₂ concentration of the global atmosphere has increased during the last decades. This increase is expected to result in changes of global temperatures and this will also affect the growth and development of bell pepper (Capsicum annum L.) and other crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of atmospheric CO₂ enrichment and high temperature on the growth and development of bell pepper under three temperature regimes. There was no statistical difference in the days required from seeding to flowering between CO₂ treatments, whereas among three temperature regimes, high temperature plots of 35/25℃ showed the shortest days (52.5 days) required from seeding to flowering. The plant height of bell peppers 15 weeks after emergence showed no statistical significance, while plots of 30/20℃ showed the highest plant height among the three temperature regimes. Time-course response of plant height to CO₂ enrichment was restrained in high CO₂ concentration (800ppm), at the same time higher temperature promoted plant height. Average leaf area per plant of 400ppm was 6,008.8㎠ and it was 5,225.1㎠ in the plots of 800ppm, showing 15% more leaf area compared to 400ppm CO₂ concentration. Leaf dry weight between CO₂ concentration and among temperature regimes showed a statistical significance. The average leaf dry weight in the plot of 800ppm showed the highest (44.1g), which was 18.5% higher compared to that of 400ppm (37.2g) and among temperature regimes, it was the highest (49.8g) in the plot of 35/25℃. Above-ground dry weight showed statistical significance between CO₂ concentration and among temperature regimes. The average above-ground dry weight of 800ppm CO₂ concentration was 141.4g, 17.9% higher compared to 400ppm CO₂ concentration (119.9g). Among three temperature regimes, plots of 30/20℃ showed the highest average above-ground dry weight (168.9g), while plots of 35/25℃ were the lowest (102.3g). In the average bell pepper dry weight, 800ppm of CO₂ concentration showed higher bell pepper dry weight (59.5g) than that (44.3g) of 400ppm of CO₂ concentration. It was judged that high CO₂ concentration was profitable for bell pepper yield and there was a tendency that when there was high CO₂ concentration (800ppm), low temperature (25/15℃) was profitable for bell pepper dry weight, whereas it was the reverse (30/20℃), in the case of ambient CO₂ concentration (400ppm). In the specific leaf area according to CO₂ concentration, 800ppm showed 117.4, which was 35.5% higher compared to that (159.1) of 400ppm, showing that leaf becomes thicker as CO₂ concentration increases. Regarding correlation coefficients among crop characteristics, leaf area was negatively correlated with the number of bell peppers per plant and bell pepper dry weight, showing that the higher the leaf area, the lower the bell pepper yield. Bell pepper dry weight per plant showed positively significant correlation with the number of bell peppers per plant and total above dry weight, which showed that the higher the number of bell peppers and the total above dry weight, the higher the bell pepper yield.

Three numerical experiments are done using IAP(Institute of Atmospheric Physics) global spectral model(T42L9) to investigate the influence of the surface temperatures on the 7-day simulation. Particularly, the response of the subtropical High in summer to the variation of soil temperature and sea surface temperature(SST) was emphasized through a series of experiments. Experiment 1 uses the June climate data as the earth surface conditions. Experiment 2 is similar to Experiment 1 except for the soil surface temperature. Experiment 3 is the same as Experiment 1 except for the modified SST, which is much warmer than the June climate SST on the sea around the Korean peninsula. The main finding in 7-day simulation is that the response of the subtropical high in summer to the variation of the soil surface temperature was much more than that to the variation of the SST. It is implied that the proper treatment of soil surface temperature is more important than that of the SST for the better 7-day simulation of the subtropical high in summer.

Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on nitrogen (N) uptake , leaf N concentration, N partitioning , N use efficiency (NUE) and grain yield of pot and field grown rice (Oryza sativa. L.cv. Chukwangbyeo) under canopy-like conditions were studied over three years. Rice plants were grown in pots and in the field in temperature gradient chambers containing either ambient(350ppm) or elevated CO2 concentrations (690 or 650ppm) in conbination with either four or seven temperature regimes ranging form ambient temperature(AT) to AT plus 3℃. There were three N supplies 94g or 6g m-2 to 20g or 48g m-2.Elevated CO2 increased N uptake in field-grown rice ; the magnitude of this effect was thelargest (+15%) at the highest N level. However, in pot-grown rice, N uptake was suppressed with the effect was the largest at high N levels. Leaf N concentration declined at elevated CO2 mainly due to a decrease in N partitiioning to the leaf blades. Air temperature had little effect on the N parameters mentioned previously, wherease NUE for spikelet production declined rapidly with increased temperature irrespective of CO2 concentration. The response of the biomass to elevated CO2 varied with N level, with the greatest response at 20g N m-2 (+30%) . At AT, where high temperature-induced sterility was generally not observed, elevated CO2 increased yield. However, the magnitude of this effect varied greatly (2-39%) with N level, and was mainly dependent on the magnitude of the increase in spikelet number.

고려인삼의 광 반응과 호흡에 미치는 잎 온도의 영향을 알아보기 위하여 단기적(short term)으로 조절된 광도에서 조건별로 온도를 1℃ 간격으로 30℃ 까지, 암 조건에서는 46℃ 까지 증가시켜 그 반응을 살펴보았다. 고려인삼의 Rubisco 활성은 낮은 광도와 잎 온도 조건에서 높은 경향을 보였는데, 광도가 100u mol m2 s1에서는 18℃ 의 잎온도에서 최고의 활성을 보였으며 이는 200u mol m2 s1 광도에서도 같은 경향으로 나타났다. 그러나 300, 400u mol m2 s1에서는 잎 온도 수준이 각각 17℃ 와 16℃ 에서 최고 반응을 보여 광도증가에 따라 적정온도수준이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 암조건 에서는 28℃ 부터 40℃ 까지 호흡량이 급속히 증가하다가 40℃ 이후부터는 급속히 감소함을 보였다. 이상의 결과는 잎온도 조절에 따라 광이용효율을 높일 수 있으며 암조건에서의 CO2 발생량을 줄일 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

쌀알의 알칼리붕괴도와 호화온도 및 수분흡수율간의 관계를 밝히기 위하여 50품종의 쌀을 이용하여 4농도의 알칼리용액에서 쌀알의 붕괴반응을 조사하였으며 알칼리붕괴반응에 근거하여 선발한 24품종에 대하여는 알칼리용액에서의 침지시간에 따른 쌀알의 붕괴정도, 가열온도 및 시간에 따른 쌀알의 완전호화율 그리고 21℃ 및 77℃ 의 물에 쌀을 침지했을 때의 흡수율 등을 조사하였다. 1. 자포니카형 및 통일형품종들의 알칼리붕괴도의 차이는 KOH 1.2%농도에서 가장 확실히 나타났지만 각 품종의 알칼리붕괴반응을 정확히 알기위해서는 KOH 1.2% 및 1.4%에서 쌀알의 붕괴도를 검정하는 것이 좋았다. 2. 4개수준의 알칼리농도에서 조사한 붕괴도에 근거하여 공시품종을 3품종군으로 나눌 수 있었는데 알칼리용액에 쌀알을 침지한 후 경과시간에 따른 붕괴반응에도 품종간 차이가 있었다. 3. 알칼리 붕괴반응이 크게 다른 품종군간에는 가열온도 및 시간에 따른 호화립비율의 차이가 분명하여 알칼리붕괴도가 낮은 품종의 쌀이 높은 쌀에 비하여 완전호화에 필요한 온도가 높았고 호화소요시간도 길었으나 동일한 품종군내에서도 품종간 차이가 있었다. 4. 알칼리붕괴도가 아주 낮았던 품종군의 쌀은 알칼리붕괴도가 중간 또는 높은 품종군에 비하여 상온(21℃ ) 및 가열(77℃ )흡수율이 아주 낮았고 알칼리붕괴도가 중간인 품종군은 높은 품종군에 비하여 상온에서의 초기 수분흡수속도가 느렸다.