연구는 2014년 5월부터 2016년 11월까지 제주도에 서식하는 비단털쥐 (Tscherskia triton)의 분포와 서식지 유형을 밝히기 위하여 이루어졌다. 조사결과, 4개 지점에서 9개체의 비단털쥐가 포획되었고, 4개 지점에서 서식이 확인되었다. 이들 지역의 서식지 유형은 대부분 자연형과 경작지 또는 휴경지형이었고, 일부 지역은 약간의 도심형이 공존하는 지역이었다. 자연형의 경우 대부분 숲과 관목림, 초지대로 이루어져 있었다. 고도별로는 저지대인 102 m에서 산간지대인 742 m까지 다양하게 분포하였으나 1,000 m 이상의 고산지대에서는 확인되지 않았고, 주변에는 대부분 하천, 건천 또는 습지가 있는 곳으로 나타났다. 비단털쥐의 서식이 확인된 지역은 주로 자연식생 및 식재림이 분포하고 있었으며, 다소 온전하거나 온전하지 못한 층위구조를 가진 대부분 상층 식생이 분포하는 지역 또는 장경초지나 관목림의 분포가 비교적 넓은 지역이었다. 서식이 확인된 지역은 대부분 도로와 산림소로가 위치하고 있어 비단털쥐는 인위적인 간섭이 발생하는 지역에도 서식하는 것으로 나타났다. 한라산 국립공원은 보존대상지역이라 개발에 의한 서식지 훼손은 거의 없으나 소형포유류의 선호도가 높은 초지대는 생태계 교란이 빈번하게 발생하고 있다. 따라서 비단털쥐의 안정적인 개체군 밀도를 유지하기 위해서는 중산간지역의 보전과 저지대 초지대 보호를 통한 다양한 서식지의 유형이 유지되어야 할 것이라 판단된다.

본 연구는 제주도 지역에서 처음 발견된 점개구리밥의 분포와 서식생물상에 대한 점개구리밥의 위해성을 평가하기 위해, 제주도 내 43개 습지 및 하천에서 환경요인과 서식생물상을 조사하였다. 점개구리밥은 43개 중 총 18개 조사 지역에서 출현이 확인되었으며, 이들 지역에서는 점개구리밥 외 수생식물의 생물량은 낮은 편이었다. 점개구리밥 등 수생식물과 환경요인에 대한 서식생물상의 영향을 분석하기 위해 SOM(Self-Organizing Map)을 활용한 패턴분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 동물플랑크톤 등 서식생물상은 환경요인보다는 수생식물의 생물량에 대한 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 특히 점개구리밥의 생물량은 부착성 종과 밀접하게 관련되는 것으로 분석되었다. 제주도 내 하천 및 습지는 수원이 일정하지 않고 수위변화가 급격하여 수생식물의 현존량이 적은 점을 감안하면, 제주도 지역의 교란 특성에 비교적 강한 점개구리밥은 서식생물상(동물플랑크톤 등)에게 서식처로서 중요하게 적용될 것으로 판단된다. 더욱이, 점개구리밥의 점유 공간 내 유기물이 서식동물상의 먹이원으로 활용되는 점 등을 볼 때 점개구리밥은 서식처인 동시에 먹이터로의 역할을 수행하고 있는 것으로 보인다. 비록 점개구리밥의 밀생이 그늘 효과 등으로 일부 수생식물의 성장과 발달에 영향을 미치지만, 이것은 부유식물이 수표면에 우점하는 특성 때문이며, 점개구리밥의 위해성이라 판단하기는 어렵다. 결론적으로 점개구리밥은 제주도 지역 내 대부분의 수계에서 확산 및 정착된 것으로 조사되었으며, 서식생물상 및 수중 환경 내 미치는 영향은 적은 것으로 사료된다. 추후 제주도 지역 외 내륙에서의 점개구리밥 분포 및 확산에 대한 모니터링을 수행할 필요가 있다고 보여진다.

The story of the island called Jeju coincides with the history of the Republic of Korea. There is a lot of speciality, so if you take a closer look, you can find the history and universality of the land. So I am interested in people who are looking for Jeju. Especially after liberation. I think that the process from the colonization of Japanese Imperialism to the making of the Korean people may be common among people living in other peripheral areas. Okinawa and so on Taiwan. The process by which the state uses violence to make people obey, or incorporate them, is similar to the invasive approach of past imperialism. In the process of establishing anti-communism state, it is necessary to study whether a person should be a citizen or not, and those who do not have to be annihilated as a stigma of "red". It is very important for us to live today. Most of the history of the land on which you are based is hard to understand only in learning history related to the country at school. It is only for the teachers unless the local school board forms the appropriate curriculum.

In the Sumeunmulbaengdui Wetland Protected Area of Jeju Island, there exists a unique pond, a so-called ‘Ohmi’, which is likely to be an oasis supporting the wildlife and escaped-livestock. We exquisitely described the diversity and distribution of plant community of the Ohmi. Despite its small area, six syntaxa were identified: Sphagnum community of peat bog type, Nymphoides coreana community of the floating-leaf limnetic vegetation, Scirpus triangulatus community and Schoenoplectus hotarui community of the littoral zone vegetation, and Deinostema violacea-Eleocharis congesta community and Eriocaulon atrum-miquelianum community of the ephemeral vegetation. A zonal distribution of plant communities along the water depth was recognized. The Sphagnum islets regarded as a typical component of peat bog, in Korea were first described at the center of the Ohmi. We conclude that the Ohmi is a primeval keystone habitat of the Sumeunmulbaengdui intermediate moor with a less oligotrophic ombrotrophic environment.

우리나라에서 가장 남쪽에 위치한 제주도 지역은 겨울철 기후가 온화하여 올리브 재배가 가능할 것으로 판단되어 올리브 5 품종을 국내에 도입하고 시험재배를 통하여 수체생육 및 과실특성을 평가함으로써 제주도에서 올리브 재배가 가능한지를 검토하고자 수행하였다. 온난화대응농업연구소에서 올리브를 식재한 노지 시험포장의 일 평균, 최고, 최저 기온을 측정한 결과, 겨울철 최저 기온은 -5oC에서 -6oC이며 1월에서 2월 사이에 영하로 내려가는 날이 많았지만, 연중 기온 변화에 따른 올리브 수체생육은 정상적으로 잘 이루어졌다. 생물계절 양상은 잎눈이 발아하는 시기(BBCH 11)는 3월 30일~4월 10일, 꽃눈 출현(BBCH 51)은 4월 3일~4월 15일, 개화(BBCH 61) 는 5월 20일~5월 30일, 과실의 성숙(BBCH 81)은 10월 5일 ~11월 5일, 과실 수확(BBCH 89)은 11월 10일~11월 30일에 이루어졌다. 수체생육은 ‘Koroneiki’, ‘Maurino’ 품종들이 수세가 약하고 신초가 많이 발생하는 경향을 보였으며 ‘Frantoio’, ‘Leccino’, ‘Verdale’ 품종들은 수세가 강하고 신초 수가 적은 경향을 보였다. 품종별 개화특성은 ‘Maurino’ 품종이 다른 품종에 비해 다소 우수한 경향을 보였다. 과실 무게는 ‘Koroneiki’ 품종이 0.9 g으로 가장 낮았고 다른 품종들은 2.4 g에서 2.6 g으로 품종 간의 유의차는 없었다. 건조한 과실의 오일 함량은 품종간의 유의차는 없었으며 40.9% DW에서 43.7% DW의 오일 함량을 나타냈다. 정식 후 5년 후의 수확량은 모든 품종들이 5,290 g/tree~5,820 g/tree으로 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 본 연구의 결과를 종합하면 제주도에 도입한 올리브 5품종들은 겨울철 최저기온에 정상적으로 생육하였고 과실 수확이 가능했다. 따라서 우리나라 제주도 지역에서는 올리브 노지재 배가 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

This study aimed to analyze the profitability and economic feasibility of hairtail trolling line gear that was developed for the last 3 years (2015-2017). The new fishing gear technology development was accomplished to solve the current problem of fishermen shortage in hairtail targeting fisheries in Jeju region. Results indicated that the profitability of developed hairtail trolling line fishery was estimated to be 36.1 % which would be higher than that of other hairtail targeting fisheries in Jeju region. In addition, as an economic feasibility, the net present value and the internal rate of return of a 20-year cash inflow and outflow were evaluated to be 400.2 million won and 66.9 %, respectively. However, sensitivity analyses of main variables showed that the profitability and economic feasibility would be vulnerable to catch amount and market condition changes.

제주지역 방울다다기양배추 포장에서 발생하는 병해충에 대한 발생특성을 구명하기 위하여 2016 ~ 2017년(2개년) 7월(파종기)부터 이듬해 2월(수확기)까지 육안 관찰과 성페로몬 트랩을 이용하여 조사 하였다. 방울다다기양배추에 발생하는 병해충은 병해 5종, 해충 15종으로 총 20종이 조사되었으며, 주요 병해는 검은썩음병, 검은무늬병, 해충은 배추좀나방, 도둑나방, 배추흰나비, 양배추가루진딧물이었다. 성 페로몬 트랩을 이용하여 주요 나방류 발생시기를 조사한 결과 배추좀나방은 연중, 파밤나방과 담배거세미나방은 9월～11월에 주로 발생되었으며, 도둑나방은 성 페로몬 트랩에 의한 포획 개체수는 적었으나 피해는 심한 편이었다. 얻어진 결과를 활용하여 방울다다기양배추의 시기별 주요 병해충 발생 및 방제체계를 도식화하였다.

본 연구는 감귤의 해충인 귤굴나방의 기생성 천적의 종류와 기생률을 조사하기 위하여 수행하였다. 2013～2014 제주 감귤원에서 발견된 귤굴나방 기생봉 천적은 좀벌상과에 속한 총 7종이 발견되었다. 그 중 좀벌과에 속한 Sympiesis striatipes가 73%, Quadrastichus sp.가 22%로 대부분을 점유하였다. 나머지 종은 Neochrysocharis sp., Ageniaspis sp., Pnigalio sp., Holcopelte sp., Trichomalopsis sp.(Pteromalidae) 등이었다. 천적의 평균 기생률은 관행재배에서 10.7%, 무농약 과원에서는 32.2%를 나타냈다.

Mites in the family Ascidae are predacious soil dwellers with potential of biological control of soil insect pests. The family Ascidae is comprised of 10 genera with 12 species recorded in Korea. During the soil acarine biodiversity study in Muljangori, Hallasan Mt in Jeju, Asca bicornis Canestrini & Fanzago, 1887 was discovered from moss habitat and are reporting this as a new record to Korean Mesostigmata fauna. We provide the illustration and description. This species has morphological characteristics of all dorsal setae nude and needle shaped, lateral caudal projection of PoZ4 shape which are different from the con-general species of A. aphidioides.

This article is focused on some scenarios of a third way for Jeju Peace Island for Koreas as one of provincial government. In 2002 and 2006, We suggest United Three States of Korea : South Korea, North Korea and Jeju Island Korea. But in real situation Korean government chooses the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. After practicing it 11 years, Jeju islanders are complaining it is not enough for them to improve its autonomy to push its policies on its way without empowering main authorities to local province from central government. So, they wants more power through revision of Korean Constitution as same as State government of USA and Switzerland such as guaranteeing special status of Jeju government as Hong Kong of China. In our opinion, in a word, Jeju islanders want to become “ Jeju Peace Self-Governing Province,” for two Koreas.

Moderately diverse, but very abundant trace fossils are found from the Late Pleistocene deposits of Jeju Island, Korea. Vertical I-, Y- and U-shaped domichnia of annelids or decapods are, over 2500, extremely abundant, 3D network domichnia of callianassids are, over 200, very abundant, and small sinuous trails of nematode repichnia are, over 50, abundant in number. Horizontal trails attributable to polychaete or worm-like animals are, less than 50, common, but horizontal spreiten burrows, fish traces and crab trackways are, less than 10, rare in occurrence. Of these trace fossils, Taenidium barretti, Undichna britannica and Undichna unisulca represent the first record from the Pleistocene in Asia. Psilonichnus upsilon is the second record in Asia. Crab trackways probably produced by underwater punting gait of sideway walking crabs may represent the first record in the world. In addition, diverse and very abundant footprints of more than 500 hominids, more than 200 birds and more than 1000 mammals are closely associated with these invertebrate trace fossils. Trace fossil assemblage integrated with sedimentary facies is interpreted to have been formed in the marginal marine foreshore to backshore environment corresponding to the Psilonichnus and Skolithos ichnofacies.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of species by comparing the external shape traits and skull size of Tscherskia triton in Jeju Island from May 2014 to November 2016. Body weight, head-body length, ear length, and hind-foot length were not statistically significant (p>0.05), but tail length was statistically significant in females compared to males (p=0.003). To examine the secondary sexual dimorphism characteristics of the collected T. triton, B_HR, T_HR, E_HR, and H_HR were calculated based on the head-body length, and only T_HR was statistically significant (p=0.003). Because of comparing male and female averages, among the 21 traits, the greatest length of skull (GLS; p=0.020) and occipitonasal length (ONL; p=0.014) were statistically significant and length of incisive foramen (LIF) was statistically significant, when the significance level was 90%. However, the other 18 traits did not show statistically significant differences between males and females (p>0.05). Other than GLS, ONL, interorbital breadth (IB), and breadth of occipital foramen (BOF), there was female-biased SSD. The results of this study are the analysis of external morphology and skull characteristics of T. triton in Jeju Island and will be used as basic data to understand the morphological characteristics of T. triton. In addition, the data can be used as a basic information to compare characteristics of T. triton, which is known as a single species, inhabited in China and Russia. The data will play an important role in biogeography and ecology research of T. triton, based on geographical conditions, climate effects, and habitat environment.

The adult activity of M. alternatus caught in a pheromone trap showed a bimodal form consisted of the first peak in mid to late June and the second peak in mid to late September in Jeju area, Korea. The two peaks were separated apparently between mid and late August, showing a valley. The pine trees without oleoresin flow were abundant during early July to early August, and declined thereafter, which did not match with the valley of adult activity curve. Thus, the hypothesis that dying pine trees attract much strongly M. alternatus adults than that of pheromone lures may not fully explain the bimodal pattern, because the first adult activity peak occurred during the peak period of dying pine trees and it declined with decreasing dying pine trees. The accumulated degree-days showed that the emergence of the 2nd generation adults could occur before the second peak when the diapause ecology of M. alternatus was not considered. The voltinism of M. alternatus can affect basically the control strategy of this pest. Consequently, further studies are required to find out clearly the voltinism of M. alternatus in Korea.

Two sibling species of the genus Monopis Hübner are collected in Jeju Island, with one of them reported for the first time from Korea. The genus currently comprises approximately 100 named species, which are widespread and diverse throughout the Old World, but poorly represented in the New World. Many species of the genus Monopis have been reported in bird nests, feces, and wool products. The larvae of these moths feed on keratin and chitin sources, such as feather, pellet and guano. The adults are briefly described, illustrated and compared, including the male and female genitalia.

This study was conducted to determined the status and geographical distribution of the alien invasive Red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) turtle on Jeju Island. We found thirty-two Red-eared slider habitats including twenty-five ponds, five agricultural reservoirs, a puddle and a stream. Among those, thirteen sites are newly determined habitats of the turtle. The remaining nineteen are previously reported. However, we could not find any turtles at nine sites, which were documented as turtle habitats in earlier reports. A total of one hundred thirty-three turtles were observed. Among them, we determined that thirty-nine were juvenile turtles, found in nineteen different habitats, indicating estimating that Red-eared sliders produced their progeny in the wild of this island. Because of geographical isolation by the ocean, no freshwater turtle had been found until 19th Century. Therefore, the increased number of finding sites and Red-eared sliders indicate the possibility of human release of their pets or for other purposes, and natural propagation in the wild on Jeju Island. Our findings will be useful for management planning to deal with this invasive species, and implementation of a conservation program for native wildlife on Jeju Island.

Even though we had a lot of obstacles to solve these issues, Jeju National University , Hokkaido University, Hawaii University, American Graduate School of the Paris, and University of Sydney have raised reparation topics through the Peace Island Forum, Peace Island Leadership School and Global Peace Bultuk Assemblies (Bultuk being a meeting place of Jeju woman divers surrounding stones at the sea side) since July of 2010. It was a cornerstone achievement that we presided over at "SOCIAL HEALING THROUGH JUSTICE: THE MASS KILLING OF KOREA JEJU ISLANDERS DURING U.S. PEACETIME OCCUPATION" with the University of Hawaii Law School and Hokkaido University together. Based on these gatherings we can start the Petition by Jeju people on Jeju Island Korea, which is calling for A JOINT SOUTH KOREA AND UNITED STATES JEJU 4.3 INCIDENT TASK FORCE TO FURTHER IMPLEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS AND FOSTER COMPREHENSIVE AND ENDURING SOCIAL HEALING THROUGH JUSTICE to advance the mutual interests of Jeju residents and the governments and people of South Korea and the United States ( March 27, 2014).

제주 연안 저서생물(해조류, 무척추동물)의 군집구조가 저서 기질 형태에 따른 차이를 파악하기 위해 신흥해역에서 2015년 2월부터 11월까지 매월 조사되었다. 암반정점에서는 해조류 57종과 무척추동물 102종이 출현하였고, 몽돌정점 에서는 해조류 42종과 무척추동물 67종이 관찰되어 암반기질에서 저서생물의 출현종수가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 해조 류의 연평균 생물량은 암반정점에서 1,601.13 g wet wt./㎡으로 몽돌정점의 448.85 g wet wt./㎡보다 약 4배 높았다. 감태는 암반정점에서 전체 생물량의 62.64% (1,002.93 g/㎡)를 차지하는 우점종이었고, 몽돌정점에서는 넓은게발, 감태, 붉은뼈까막살, 자루바다표고, 갈래곰보가 우점하였다. 저서무척추동물의 개체수 및 생물량은 암반정점에서 각각 106.9 indivi./㎡, 871.93 g/㎡이며, 몽돌정점에서는 64.6 indivi./㎡, 984.28 g/㎡로 나타났다. 무척추동물의 생물량 우점종을 파악한 결과, 암반정점에서는 소라(36.40%), 바퀴고둥(19.18%), 보라성게(13.61%)였고, 몽돌정점에서는 거 품돌산호(54.13%)와 그물코돌산호(24.28%)로 기질에 따른 우점종의 차이를 확인하였다.

This study described the spatial distributions of marine environmental factors such as water temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a concentration and turbidity, and characteristics of phytoplankton community such as species composition, standing crops and dominant species at 19 fishing ports around Jeju Island during the early summer of 2016. I analyzed bio-oceanographical characteristics using principal component analysis (PCA) of the environmental factors and biological parameters. Water temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a and turbidity ranged from 17.6 to 20.7℃, from 26.19 to 32.33 psu, from 0.76 to 7.13 μg L-1, and from 0.51 to 14.49 FTU, respectively. A total of 51 species of phytoplankton belonging to 35 genera were identified. In particular, diatoms and dinoflagellates accounted for more than 56.8% and 27.4% of all the species, respectively. Moreover, the number of phytoplankton species was controlled by salinity. Phytoplankton cell density ranged from 2.9 cells mL-1 to 185.9 cells mL-1. The dominant species were Navicula spp. Stephanopyxis turris, Eutreptiella gymnastica and Mesodinium rubrum. Environmental factors and the phytoplankton community varied greatly between sampling sites. According to PCA, the biological oceanographic characteristics of the around Jeju Island were characterized by meteorological factors such as air temperature, precipitation and discharge of ground water during early summer.