예로부터 불교의 ‘사원경제’는 불교의 발전 동력을 확보하였다. 사원은 불교의 전파와 실천의 중요한 장소로서 종교활동의 중심지일 뿐만 아니 라 문화전승, 사회봉사, 경제생산 등 다양한 기능을 수행하고 있다. 불교 사원은 사회적 존재일 뿐만 아니라 다른 조직이나 단체와 마찬가지로 경 제적 문제도 관련이 있다. 불교문화의 특수성과 세속적인 보편성을 모두 가지고 독특한 경제시스템을 형성하여 불교경제학의 이론을 초보적으로 제시했다고 할 수 있다. 사원경제는 불교의 발전과 함께 점차 대두되는 불교경제 현상의 일종으로 불교의 풍부한 생산 자원과 중요한 영향력을 형성하며 불교 발전에 중요한 힘이 되었다. 불교경제는 예로부터 불교 연 구의 중요한 과제였다. 이는 불교의 장기적인 지속 가능한 발전을 달성하 고 불교경제 시스템의 운영과 발전을 연구하는 것과 관련이 있으며 세속 사회에서 불교의 역할과 기여를 분석하고 이해하는 데 매우 중요하다. 본고는 현대 경제학과 불교경제학의 새로운 관점에서 불교경제와 사원 경제를 연구하고 사원경제에서 불교경제학의 중도 경제관의 응용을 중심 으로 한다. 역사 문헌 연구와 사례 실증분석을 통해 불교경제학과 중도 경제관 이론을 깊이 해석하고 불교 사원경제의 형성과 발전 과정을 검토 하여 전통 사원경제와 현대 사원경제 모델을 비교 분석하고 사례 실증분 석을 통해 사원경제에서 중도 경제관의 응용을 분석하고, 사원경제 발전 에서 중도 경제관 응용의 역할, 현대 사원경제 모델의 우세 및 불교경제 학이 현대 경제학에 미치는 긍정적 영향을 분석한다. 현대 사회에서 불교 경제학과 사원 경제의 연구 내용을 풍부하게 하고 불교 경제학과 사원 경제의 현대 이론적 기반을 확장한다.

Phayathonzu temple in Myanmar was made of masonry bricks, and so it was vulnerable to lateral load such as earthquake. Especially, it has many difficulties in structural modeling and dynamic analysis because the discontinuous characteristics of masonry structure should be considered. So, it is necessary to provide the seismic performance evaluation technology through the inelastic dynamic modeling and analysis under earthquake loads for the safety security of masonry brick temple. Therefore, this study analyzes the seismic behavior characteristics and evaluates the seismic performance for the 479 structure with many cracks and deformations. Through the evaluation results, we found out the structural weak parts on earthquake loads.

In the study of Buddhist architecture before the Goryeo Dynasty, the analysis of sectarian viewpoints is one of the effective means. In the study of Buddhist architecture before the Goryeo Dynasty, analyzing from the point of view of a Buddhism sect is one of the effective means. Until now, compared to the importance of the Beopsang school before the Goryeo period in the field of research on the history of Buddhist architecture, research on its temples was the least compared to those of other denominations. In this study, as one of the studies on Beopsang school temples, Geumsansa(金山寺), Beopjusa(法住寺), and Donghwasa(桐華寺), which were built as the Jinpyo’s Beopsang school temple in the late 8th century and maintained until the Goryeo Dynasty, were targeted. And I tried a rudimentary analysis on the building composition of those temples from the viewpoint of the beliefs and teachings of Beopsang school. This study is meaningful in that it is the first attempted study in the field of architectural history on the Buddhist temple of the Beopsang school, which led non-Zen sects of Buddhism along with the Hwaeom school until the Goryeo Dynasty.

This study aims to present the differentiating factors of B2B salesperson competency through comparing the suppliers and buyers in Korean steel industry in their perception on the importance and priority of B2B salesperson competency. Based on previous studies, analysis on B2B salesperson competency has been analyzed using the B2B salesperson performance competency measure factors and appropriately reorganizing them for better application to the steel industry. The required performance competencies of B2B salesperson can be categorized into 3 different types, namely social exchange competency, advisory sales competency, and skill & knowledge competency. AHP analysis was performed for analyzing the relative importance of B2B salesperson competency based on the factors of previous studies, in which categorization of the aforementioned types had been done. As the result, first, it has been confirmed that there is a difference in 1st layer main factors between the supplier group and buyer group. The supplier group valued the advisory sales competency, while the buyer group valued skill & knowledge competency. Second, it has been proved that there is same result of relative importance in 2nd detailed factors between the supplier group and buyer group. Both group confirmed that customer member, identify customer needs and communication skill are very important factors. Third, as the result of analysis on the gap between B2B salesperson competency of the suppliers and buyers, the gap in the product knowledge and sales team member need improvement for buyer’s satisfaction according to overall results of relative importance and priority. The steel supplier was able to develop B2B salesperson competency according to the buyers’ needs based on the result of this study, and furthermore it is expected that this study will be able to contribute to increase in buyer competitiveness through differentiation in B2B salesperson competency.

Phaya-Thon-Zu temple has a unique architectural style connected by the three temples, and cultural values are highly as murals remain on some of the walls. However, various damages in internal walls and vaults have occurred due to earthquake and environmental influences. In order to analyze these damages, accurate structural analysis is required, but structural modeling is difficult, because Phaya-Thon-Zu temple is the complex masonry structure which is stacked with small bricks. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the causes of damages by examining collapse mechanism for cross section and longitudinal section of vaults in the entrance hall and shrine by using thrust line analysis, which is a geometric method, and to compare it with the actual damage situation.

The subjects of this study were limited to Silla buddhist temple remains in the 6～8th century, where the excavation survey report was published and the details of the remains of the corridor are revealed. Since the corridor completes the structure of temple and is involved in formation of the space, the building plan for corridors is thought to have an intention linked to the entire temple. Thus, more closer study is required for this construction plan to identify the role of corridors. The corridor is a building that has a low architectural hierarchy and completes the layout and composition of the temple. In the unit planning of the corridor, unit were designed to be of a certain size in the temple layout. Then, the overall scale was made by adding the fixed size of unit. The combination of corridors are the combined points of paths and were used as visual points. The structure of the corridor was constructed to be adjusted according to the size of the main compartment of the building to which it was connected and inserted under the roof of the building. The adjustment of the unit changed in the range of 0.5 to 2 of Silla’s system of measurement. The usage of embedded pillar in the corridor presents a new perspective on Silla architecture.

This study investigated the dimensional plan of Kor Sork temple in Preah Pithu complex, Angkor by civil surveying, 3D scan, measured integer ratio and regularity. According to epitaph and preceding researches, Khmer temples were built based on structural planing with the constant ratio and regularity by using special construct measure scales "Hasta" and “Byama”. The study assumed the same unit method was applied in Kor Sork temple and identified the regularity of actual measurement value about the temple. The assumed construct measure scale (Hasta) used for the design of this temple is 413mm. The overall apart arrangement of the temple is different in the East-West direction and the North-South direction. In the East-West direction, the whole scale is 180 hasta, and it is divided into 20 hastas. On the other hands, it was confirmed that the North-South direction is 96 hasta and it was divided four quadrants in 24 hastas. Regarding the detailed design, the regularity according to the constant ratio was confirmed. 7 hasta was used as the basic unit on the first floor and 6 hasta were used as the basic unit on the second floor of the terrace. the basement and the central sanctuary is of 6 hasta and 8 hasta were used as the basic standard.

A very unique case is found in the architectural remains related to the north and south square-platform at the lecture hall site of Hwangnyongsa, that of Anyangsa, and the estimated lecture hall site of Beopsusa as they are not observed in the other lecture halls. The platform has been discovered at only those three Buddhist temples from Goryeo, and its case has not been found in ancient Buddhist temples of China and Japan. This study thus set out to investigate the north and south square-platform at lecture hall sites by examining in details its architectural remains at the three Buddhist temples and reviewing the Buddhist literature about the lecture halls of ancient Buddhist temples. Based on the findings, it was estimated that the architectural remains of north and south square-platform at the lecture hall sites of Buddhist temples were those of platform for Buddhist sermons or those of high chair platform. While the north square-platform involved the remains of north high chair for the Lecturer that gave lectures on the Buddhist scriptures, the south one did those of south high chair for the Reader who recited the Buddhist scriptures.

We surveyed Preah Pithu monument group site in Angkor. We made the map of present condition throughout the actual measurement and 3D scan. And we restored the floor plan, and completed the map of site placement. During this processing, we confirmed the middle axis of temples and studied the relation of temples and made clear the order of sites. Throughout this studying, we verified the middle axis of sites is not matched in Preah Pithu monument group. It is different aspect comparing with general Khmer religion architectures which were built with the planification belonging to strong royal authority and shared main axis through whole sites. In other words, we can estimate that Preah Pithu monument group was not built with planification rather than expanded as occasional demand during the process of actual use

The organization which is does sale activity in 21c, face a radical environment changes and high competition. To overcome from these situation, employee who is does sale in field are important to set sustainablity to the organization. A sales person is one of member in organizations, so they have a relation with other employee in process of job. To increase there performance and satisfaction, LMX is focused by many researchers. LMX can increase job satisfaction which can increase job performance thought organizational justice. And career of employee can has moderate effect between LMX and organizational justice. To figure out casual relationship among factors, researcher conduct a empirical analysis use 210 samples from SME saleman. Result of empirical study show us every hypothesis which researcher set up has supported. Based on this result, reseacher provide manageric implications and conclusions

The purpose of this study is to clarify the historical background of the setting of seungdang(僧堂) and gowon (庫院) in the Zen Buddhist temples of Song dynasty, in terms of as a Buddhist temple universality and as a Zen temple specificity, through the historical reference investigation on its relevance to the Buddhist temples of Tang dynasty. In the Zen Buddhist temples of Song dynasty, the Zen meditation space of seungdang was located on the west side of Buddha hall, and the kitchen and officiating priest’s living space of gowon was located on the east side of Buddha hall. Through the analysis of historical reference it was confirmed that, in the Buddhist temples of Tang dynasty, the Zen meditation section of seonwon(禪院) was on the west side, and the gowon was on the east side too. Therefore, it can be said that, the setting method of seungdang and gowon of the Zen Buddhist temples of Song dynasty was established above tradition of the Tang dynasty Buddhist temples.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristics of Zen Buddhist temple’s building composition of the Northern Song dynasty, through the analysis of literature historical material, such as Seonwon chenggyu(禪苑淸 規), Cham cheontae odaesan gi (參天台五臺山記) and so on. The building composition method of Zen Buddhist temple in Northern Song dynasty, which grasped from the Seonwon chenggyu, reflects the actual situation of the temples in that time. And it was ascertained that, the Zen Buddhist temple’s building composition of the Northern Song dynasty was basically same to that of Southern Song dynasty. And the comparative analysis was attempted between Zen Buddhist temples and that of other Buddhism sect described in Cham cheontae odaesan gi. From this analysis, the common features as Buddhism temple and the characteristics of building composition as Zen Buddhist temple was clarified.

선교적 종교(missionary religion)로서 이슬람은 그 신앙 운동의 태동기부터 지금까지 지속적인 종교 세력 확장세를 보이고 있다. 그 결과 이슬람은 아라비아 반도를 넘어 오늘날 세계에서 두 번째로 큰 신앙공동체가 되었다. 무슬림들이 한국인들과 처음으로 접촉하고, 한국 땅을 밟게 된 시기는 1000여 년 전으로 거슬러 올라간다. 특히, 고려시대에는 성내 이슬람 사원이 세워질 정도로 무슬림들의 정치, 경제, 문화, 종교 등 다방면에서 무슬림들이 한국 사회에 영향을 미쳤지 만, 아이러니하게도 그들의 선교적 결실은 부진했다. 왜냐하면 당시 무슬림들은 원나라의 사신들로서 피식민지인이었던 한국인들에게 호 감을 주지 못했기 때문이다. 그러나 20세기 중반 한국 전쟁에 파견된 터키군은 한국 사회에 이슬람의 종교적 호감도를 ‘부정적(Negative)’ 에서 ‘긍정적(Positive)’으로 전화시켜 주었다. 한국의 우방국으로 참여 해 한국인들을 위해 과감히 피를 흘린 터키군들의 신앙 전통은 한국인들 에게 감동을 주었다. 뿐만 아니라 1970-80년대 한국 경제 성장에 크게 기여한 중동 국가들 역시 한국 사회에 이슬람 이미지 변화에 크게 기여했다. 이슬람의 이러한 긍정적 호감도와 함께 국내외 무슬림 들의 적극적인 선교(Da’wa)활동을 통해 20세기 후반부터 이슬람이 한국 사회에서 부흥하는 신흥 종교로 두각을 나타내고 있다. 본 논문은 21세기 한국 내 무슬림 신앙공동체의 부흥 원인과 개종자들의 개종 사유를 비교 분석하고자 한다. 이슬람으로 개종한 한국 무슬림들 49명을 대상으로 인터뷰한 결과, 개종자들의 73%가 기독교에서 이슬람으로 종교 정체성 변환했다는 사실은 한국 기독교계 에 신선한 충격이다. 왜 많은 그리스도인들이 교회를 떠나 이슬람 사원으로 향하는가? 필자의 연구결과 한국 무슬림들의 주된 개종 요인은 “지적 동기와 실험적 동기”가 강하다. 이슬람에 호기심을 갖고 그 종교를 깊이 연구한 개종자들은 기독교의 복음과 예배 행위보다 이슬람의 교리와 종교 의식에 더 매력을 느껴 교회를 떠나 마스지드 (masjid)로 향하고 있다. 본 논문을 통해 이러한 종교 현상에 대한 우리의 선교 신학적 고찰과 대안을 기대해 본다.