The fuel efficiency was 16.77km/L on average for D-ENG and 12.97 km/L for B-ENG. The fuel efficiency of D-ENG was 22.66% higher than that of B-ENG. NOX had an average D-ENG of 191.75ppm and B-ENG of 104ppm. NOX of D-ENG occurred 145.76% more than B-ENG. The amount of CO2 generated was 154.25ppm for D-ENG and 199ppm for B-ENG. CO2 of D-ENG occurred 29.01% less than B-ENG. From this, it was found that the higher the fuel efficiency, the higher the emission of nitrogen oxide and the lower the emission of carbon dioxide decreased.

In this paper, we compare and analyze the injector defects of P-ENG and S-ENG with normal injectors by measuring current waveforms, voltage waveforms, exhaust gases and driving fuel economy. In the case of FTS failure, the S-ENG reduced the overall injection time by 3.7% and the main injection by 3.5% compared to the normal engines. In the case of AFS failure, the overall injection time increased by 45.7% and the main injection time increased by 24.1% compared to the normal engine. The rest data showed that fuel economy of S-ENG had 25.9% higher than P-ENG, NOX had 162.5% higher than that of P-ENG, and CO2 of S-ENG had 26.7% lower than P-ENG.

This study is a basic study to improve fuel economy and reduce harmful emissions from passenger cars. This study is a basic study to evaluate the performance of fuel oil additives. The performance may vary depending on the type of engine, the region of use, and the driving habits of the user. Therefore, there are many difficulties in carrying out the test analysis by the objective experimental method while maintaining the same conditions. Therefore, this study intends to examine in terms of securing objectivity as a comparative study by the measurement of single user for a long time. As a result, in the case of cars using gasoline engines, the fuel economy tended to a little decrease as the distance-age increased. However, in the analysis of diesel vehicles by year, it increased gradually after the 5th year and the distance-age of 60,000km. And a comparison of the last three years, an increase of about 3.1% from 12.44km /ℓ to 12.82km /ℓ.

In this paper, the injectors with normal quantity, over quantity of +10%, under quantities of -10% and –30%, were mounted on S-ENG and P-ENG in order to measure the voltage energy, current energy and power supplied to the injectors and the fuel economy under several speed of rpm conditions. The voltage and current energy of S-ENG was greater than P-ENG, and the power of S-ENG was measured and analyzed 4.8 times higher than that of P-ENG at all injectors, and the tendency of carbon dioxide emissions calculated from fuel efficiency measurement results was not significantly affected by the type of injectors, but P-ENG was measured to be slightly affected by the type of injectors. It is assumed that the model year and mileage of the test vehicle affects this tendency.

There is a need to reduce fuel consumption in order to reduce GHG emissions from the transport sector, which accounts for large volumes. In this study, the fuel consumption rate can be compared with the method using the CAN communication data in the engine controller through the OBD II interface and the direct measurement method using the fuel flow meter. For this purpose, we measured the fuel consumption rate in the engine controller and the fuel flow meter with the chassis dynamometer, and confirmed the reliable data of the fuel flow meter. As a result, the fuel consumption rate in the engine controller and the fuel consumption rate in the fuel flow meter were directly measured. After that, the running test was carried out using the chassis dynamometer and the reliability of the fuel consumption rate using the flow meter was confirmed.

The effect of EGR on fuel economy was investigated in a gasoline direct injection engine. The 1-D cycle simulation program of GT-Power was utilized to evaluate fuel consumption rate. At high load, fuel consumption increased by about 2~6% according to EGR rate. Knock mitigation was the main effects, gaining about 80% of the total fuel consumption improvement. At low load, fuel consumption reduction was 0.6~2%, which was much lower than that for high load. The lower improvement of fuel consumption at low load is attributed to solely dilution and chemical effects of exhaust gas.

The test was done on cars travelling at the speeds of 20km/h, 60km/h and 100km/h using the performance testing mode for chassis dynamometer. In this test, the secondary ignition waveform, exhaust emissions and fuel consumption were measured in case of faulty MAP sensor, faulty oxygen sensor and spark plugs. The following results from the related analysis of secondary waveform, emission and fuel consumption measurements were obtained : 1) The fuel consumption was higher in the order of oxygen sensor trouble, MAP trouble, spark plug trouble, before maintenance and after maintenance. Maximum fuel economy is 9.3km/L, the minimum fuel economy is 3.2km/L, the difference between max. and min. is 65.5%. 2) If you compare the oxygen sensor trouble with after maintenance, the CO has improved an average of 98%, fuel economy average of 60%. And the HC has improved an average of 87%, fuel economy average of 60%. The fuel consumption and exhaust gas was bad in the order of oxygen sensor trouble, MAP trouble and S/P trouble.

Because of environmental pollution and lack of resources, necessity of energy efficiency improvement and reduction of exhaust gas emission and CO2 have grown in importance. Therefore a lot of studies are conducted for HEV(hybrid electric vehicle) and PHEV(plug-in hybrid electric vehicle). In addition, automobile companies are researching and manufacturing HEV and PHEV. Due to cost and time problem, simulation is preferred than experimental test to find better component size for efficiency improvement. In this research, backward simulation program is developed base on Dynamic Programming. Using this simulation program, fuel economy sensitivities for each parameter are analyzed and compared. Fuel economy is measured for a combined cycle that is calculated from FTP-75 and HWFET cycle. The target parameters are front/rear power train efficiency, drag coefficient, vehicle mass, rolling resistance coefficient, tire radius, center of gravity. The most sensitive parameter is front power train efficiency and second is drag coefficient. Rear power train efficiency, vehicle mass, rolling resistance coefficient are third, forth and fifth. By comparing sensitivities, we can choose a better way to improve fuel economy of HEV.

The major complaint of hybrid vehicle driver is that real fuel economy is lower than the certified fuel economy. Therefore, it is important to analyze the cause of low fuel economy and to improve the fuel consumption at real driving condition. In this study, the various speed profile is measured by driving urban road with considering different traffic jam. By using backward simulation, the fuel economy characteristics of the acquired driving modes are analyzed. From the simulation results, the operating points of engine and motor analyzed and the cause of decrease of real fuel economy is examined.

The two experiments of gasoline vehicle using eco-friendly treatment(Ecoburn) were completed. The experiments was done on traveling using the performance testing mode for chassis dynamometer and road driving test. The experiments were employed to measure exhaust emissions and fuel consumption. In this experiment, the correlation between CO₂and fuel consumption were found in gasoline vehicle. The following results are obtained by analyzing the data relativity between exhaust emissions and additives. 1) If the value of exhaust emissions such as CO, HC, NOX, CO₂were improved as gasoline mixed additives at th ratio of 300:1. The value of fuel consumption were worse compare to those of exhaust emission. The improvement of resulting data value was best CO, HC, NOX and fuel consumption in the order named. 2) The value of CO₂ were to be nearly proportional to the fuel consumption value.

The two experiments were done on stationary car at 800rpm, 1500rpm and running car on oscilloscope and chassis dynamometer at the speeds of 20km/h, 60km/h. In this experiment, the relativity between waveform, exhaust emissions and fuel consumption through two experimental methods were measured in case of cars with failures in MAP sensor, O sensor, spark plugs. The following results are obtained by analyzing the data relativity between two experimental methods, such as stationary and running tests. A simple stationary test under the maintenance of a decrepit gasoline vehicle would be realistic possibility to predict the fuel consumption and the exhaust emission comparable to results of running test with a chassis dynamometer.

This paper is on developing the advanced method in diagnosis electronic control of gasoline and LPG engine. The experimental methods using oscilloscope were employed to measure waveform of hot wire, hot film, oxygen, ignition coil and injector. Through these analysis, emission reduction and fuel economy improvement were expected by depict vehicles. The experiment was carried out during no-load condition. A summary of the important results are as follows. 1. The factors affecting the secondary ignition waveform from the primary ignition waveform were reverse surge voltage and induced voltage . Actually shape of primary ignition waveform was normal, but a secondary ignition waveform was measured badly. 2. The area of the voltage-time diagram of secondary ignition waveform means the value of the effective discharge of energy. This value is negative, the fuel economy could be predicted badly and is positive, good value of fuel economy could be predicted. 3. Inspection and maintenance of DLI ignition vehicles compared to DIS ignition vehicles were essential. The secondary ignition waveform of the C type vehicle were worst compare to those of the different type vehicles. The injection duration of injector was largest C, D types in the order named, was shortest E, F type. As a result, E, F type are most effective among Gasoline vehicles.

21세기 자동차 사회에서는 대도시 대기오염이 적고, 에 관련된 지구규모 온난화문제에 영향이 적은 초저연비 자동차가 요구되고 있다. 이번 학술강연에서는 이러한 요구에 대응할 수 있는 ULEV(Ultra Low Emission Vehicle) 후보와 초저연비 자동차기술에 대하여 언급하고자 한다.

가솔린 증기와 브라운 가스를 혼합한 연료를 사용하여 변형을 가하지 않은 다양한 종류의 가솔린 엔진을 성공적으로 작동하였다. 이 때 일정한 ‘rpm’ 상태에서 사용된 가솔린 증기와 브라운가스 (또는 브라운 가스 발생 전기에너지)의 총열량 소모를 순수한 액상 가솔린을 사용한 경우와 비교하였을 때 일반적으로 연료가 50% 이하로 소모되는 획기적인 결과를 나타내었다. 가솔린 분무에 의한 엔진의 작동의 근본적인 문제점 중의 하나는 분무 연소(spray combustion)에 따른 무화(atomization)와 기화(evaporation) 그리고 산소와의 난류혼합(turbulent mixing) 과정에 소요되는 시간상의 지연과 산화제 공기에 포함된 질소 분자의 존재 때문에 액상 가솔린 연료의 에너지는 짧은 엔진 작동 시간동안에 효율적으로 동력으로 전환되지 못하고 높은 온도의 배기가스로 방출된다. 그러므로 현대의 자동차 엔진은 에너지 효율이 20 ~ 30% 정도에 머무르고 있으며 따라서 가솔린의 열량의 70 ~ 75%는 유용한 동력으로 전환되지 못하고 배기가스에서 열로 소모되고 있는 것으로 나타난다. 본 연구에서는 가솔린 증기와 브라운 가스를 혼합한 기상상태의 연료를 공기와 예혼합하였다. 예혼합하는 방식은 전기분해를 통해 발생하는 브라운 가스를 가솔린 통을 통과시켜 브라운 가스 버블과 액상 가솔린간에 버블 동역학적인 물질전달현상에 의하여 가솔린 증기와 브라운가스가 혼합되는 장치를 고안하였다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서는 액상 가솔린 연료의 분무 연소에 따른 시간상의 지연에 따른 문제점을 보완하기 위하여 가솔린 수증기를 사용하였으며 순수한 가솔린 수증기의 절대 열량의 부족을 브라운가스의 폭발적인 연소 특성과 질소분자의 양을 줄이는 독창적인 아이디어를 고안하였으며 그에 요구되는 장치를 구현하였다. 전산해석적인 방법에 의하여 액상 가솔린과 가솔린 증기와 브라운 가스를 혼소한 경우 각각의 연료와 산화제의 조성을 가지고 3차원 원통형 연소로에서 연소를 시켜 정상상태의 화염특성을 비교하였다. 연료의 양과 조성이 매우 상이함에도 불구하고 화염의 양상과 온도 분포가 매우 유사한 결과는 가솔린증기와 브라운가스의 혼소한 경우 작은 양의 연료에도 불구하고 같은 수준의 동력이 나타남을 의미하는 것으로서 실험과 일치하는 결과라 할 수 있다. 위의 결과는 전체 열량의 관점에서는 액상 가솔린 사용시 산화제 공기에 포함된 질소분자의 가열에 필요한 불필요한 열량손실을 줄인 반면에 브라운가스와 가솔린 증기 혼소에 의하여 효과적인 연소를 촉진한 결과로 해석된다.