SMA 혼합물은 소성변형 저항성이 매우 큰 혼합물로 알려져있다. 하지만 실내 시험에서는 이를 측정할 수 있는 시험법이 아직 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 소성변형에 대하여 높은 저항성을 가지는 SMA 혼합물의 변형강도치와 반복주행시험과의 상관성 분석을 통하여 SMA에 변형강도의 적용성을 고찰하는 것이다. 이를 위해 SMA 혼합물의 배합설계를 거쳐 최적 아스팔트함량의 혼합물에 대하여 변형강도 시험과 반복주행 시험을 수행하였다. 연구결과, 변형강도는 SMA 혼합물의 소성변형 특성을 보이기에는 매우 낮은 수준을 나타냈다. 따라서 김테스트에 의한 변형강도는 간접인장강도나 마샬 안정도와 마찬가지로 SMA 혼합물의 소성변형 저항성을 제대로 반영되지 못하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 반복주행시험의 결과인 동적안정도나 최종침하깊이도 역시 SMA 혼합물의 소성변형 저항성을 평가하는데 문제가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Modular construction uses pre-fabricated volumetric units that are transported and installed on site as fitted-out and serviced 'building blocks'. The use of modular construction is directly influenced by the client's requirements for speed of construction, quality, reuse and benefits of economy. These benefits may be maximized under the condition that modules are almost manufactured in factory and transported to the site without any damages. In Korea, some damaged modules were reported on the process of transportation. This paper quantifies the vibration performances of modular units under transportation by analytical and experimental methods. Quantified vibration performances are reflected to the transportation guide of modular units.

This paper intends to examine the significance of the “Minjoong Misool(People's art)” of the 1980s emerged in Korea in its social, cultural, and art historical context. This paper also aims to provide an analysis of the meaning and form of the individual artist's works, which have been overlooked under the dominant discourse that has emphasized their political role as a collective group. In particular, this paper scrutinizes the work of “Critical Realists” by examining the way in which they perceived Korean society in the early 1980s and visualized their experiences of the period. The figurative art newly emerged in the early 1980s challenged the formalist Modernism, which was adopted into Korea and translated into monochrome paintings and the work of the conversative academicism of the 1970s. The figurative art encouraged a social communication and moreover it intended to criticize the conflicts in the political, economical, and social domains in Korea. The targets of its critique include the unavoidable results of the unprecedented development of economy, various social phenomena of the post-industrial society, and the growth of the commercialized kitsch culture. Along with Shin, Hak-chul's work that incorporates collage technique since the 1980s, the work of some members of “Reality and Utterance” and “Im- sul-nyun” exemplify their critical interests in disclosing the false dream of wealth and happiness by both referring to and drawing on the utopian fantasy manipulated and distributed by mass media and commercial advertisements. This paper pays particular attention to Nouvelle Figuration emerged in France and Europe during the 1960s, which is comparable to the new figurative art emerged in Korea during the 1980s. Nouvelle Figuration criticized the autonomy in art isolated itself from political and social reality after WWII, in particular the indifference of Informel and abstract art as well as American abstract art. Moreover it became rather politicized around May of 1968. Given that French Nouvelle Figuration was introduced in Korea in 1982 and made a significant contribution to the formation of figurative art in Korea, it should be noted that the new figurative art emerged in the 1980s in Korea cannot be categorized merely in relation to People's Art. This paper intends to critically redress the notion that People's art was formed in the particular political, economical, and cultural context of Korea independent of the contemporary artistic practices outside Korea. It will provide a critical examination and analysis of the content and form of the new figurative art, from which People's Art was germinated, in the global context.

최근 지하철 역사 내의 사고위험을 줄이기 위해 승강장에 스크린도어(PSD; Platform Screen Door)를 설치하는 사례가 늘고 있다. 일반적으로 지하철역사와 같이 폐쇄된 공간에 있어서 유동장의 해석 및 예측은 전산유체해석 (CFD: Computational Fluid Dynamics)을 주로 사용한다. 그러나, CFD는 실제로 열차가 주행할 때에 발생하는 비정상적(unsteady)인 유동장의 3차원적인 해석에는 승강장의 세부적인 형태의 모델링이 어렵기 때문에 어느 정도의 한계가 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 밀폐형 스크린도어가 설치된 지하승강장을 대상으로 직통열차에 의한 스크린도어 및 승강장 천장마감재에 작용하는 풍압을 계측하였다. 계측된 풍압으로부터 스크린도어의 구조안전성을 위한 설계풍압을 결정하고, 승강장 내부의 천장마감재에 작용하는 풍압을 평가하여 승강장의 안전한 풍환경을 확보하는데 기초적인 자료를 제시하였다.

In this study, the structural stability of stone pagoda in Korea is evaluated with regard to the contact characteristics between stone blocks and a method for restoring the static stability of the stone pagoda by increasing the friction coefficient between stone blocks are proposed. Existing steel insertions, which are used for a temporary retrofitting method, bring about not only decoloration on the surface due to its corrosion but also stress concentration in stone blocks which may end up fracturing blocks. In order to replace the stiff insertions such as iron with ductile materials, lead or tin, experirnental test is conducted for identifying the friction characteristics of stone blocks without/with various types of insertions and the results indicated that a ductile compound metal insertion brought about the increase of the friction coefficients when compared to the existing iron insertion.

Most approaches for continuous review inventory problem need tables for loss function and cumulative standard normal distribution. Furthermore, it is time-consuming to calculate order quantity (Q) and reorder point (r) iteratively until required values ar

Furnace slag powder used currently in Korea needs to add special functions in response to the increase of large-scale projects. In addition, it is advantageous in that it has a lower hydration heat emission rate than ordinary Portland cement and improves properies such as the inhibition of alkali aggregate reaction, watertightness, salt proofness, seawater resistance and chemical reslstance. However, furnace slag powder is not self-hardening, and requires activators such as alkali for hydration. Accordingly, if recycled fine aggregate, from which calcíum hydroxide is generated, and furnace slag, which requires alkali stimulation, are used together they play mutually complementary roles, so we expect to use the mixture as a resource-recycling construction material. Thus the present study purposed to examine the properties and characteristics of furnace slag powder and recycled aggregate, to manufacture recycled fine aggregate mortar using furnace slag and analyze its performance based on the results of an experiment, to provide materials on mortar using furnace slag as a cement additive and recycled fine aggregate as a substitute of aggregate, and ultimately to provide basic materials on the manufacturing of resource-recycled construction materials using binder and fine aggregate as recycled resources.

Despite continuous efforts to redraw the boundaries between art and culture, the conventional concept of originality has persisted in approaches to the practice of contemporary art. In the discourse of originality, various forms of lesser arts that employ the method of replication have been referred to as kitsch, or “rear-guard,” the opposite of avant-garde. This categorization points to the contested issue regarding the oppositional relation between modernism and mass culture. With its easily accessible content and financial affordability, mass culture has become both an irresistible attraction and a most powerful threat to modernism. This threat has instigated a discursive system that has situated mass culture as a cultural other of modernism. Taking the marginalized category of kitsch as the area of contention, this paper examines a discursive repression of kitsch. It analyzes the conceptual framework that defends originality and autonomy in art and, conversely, degrades kitsch as an inferior and dangerous cultural category. Greenberg's concept of kitsch as a by-product of industrialization evolved into the criticism that advocates the autonomy of art. The Frankfurt School scholars, particularly Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer, practiced comparable cultural critiques. Focusing on mass culture such as film, radio, and television, instead of art works, they critically analyzed the system of mass culture and theorized the negative implications of the ubiquitous presence of kitsch. Some critics, on the other hand, perceived the growth of mass culture as opening possibilities in cultural development. Walter Benjamin and Harold Rosenberg asserted the socio-cultural dynamics of mass culture underlining the potential for continual transformation in reality and in the subject. They acknowledged that technological advances changed the condition of creation and enabled unmediated interactions between media. By scrutinizing conflicting views on kitsch, this paper intends to reassess arts that draw “the forces of the outside.”

DPPH(l, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity assay was used to analyze antioxidant activities in 249 Korean rice landraces. Especially, red rice varieties were 13 accessions, showed very strong antioxidant activities more than 95%. Brown rice varieties were 236 accessions, among them G307 showed the highest antioxidant activity of 68%. Most of brown rice varieties showed higher activities than Chucheongbyeo as check variety. 101 accessions were distributed range of 21 - 30% and 71 accessions were distributed range of 31 -40%.

This paper was studied on the characteristics of acid resistance and thermal shock for epoxy coatings in the strong acidic environment. The exhaust gas system, such as a air preheater, desulfurization equipment, for industrial boiler is damaged by dew point corrosion. To protect the acid corrosion, the coating using nonmetal was applied. The electrochemical polarization test, acid resistance and thermal shock test for epoxy coatings were carried out. And the acid resistance and thermal shock characteristics, aspect, and electrochemical anti-corrosion characteristics for epoxy coatings in the strong acidic environment were considered. The main results are as followings: As the epoxy glass flake coating by acidic thermal shock was damaged to the crack, blistering and elution etc., the current density of epoxy glass flake coating is high. But the damage of epoxy metal complex coating by acidic thermal shock was not occurred. Therefore the characteristics of acid resistance and thermal shock for epoxy metal complex coating is better than those for epoxy glass flake coating.

  It has been a major issue to repair the broken system quickly for improvement of productivity and utilization. Generally, high utilization of system requires the high amount of spare parts in inventory and inventory cost. Therefore, it is necessary to d

This study intended to review the historical changing procedure of zai on a same format and different utilities, All those different usages are coded as zai₁ zai₂, zai₃, zai₄. zai₁ is part of predicate as existent verb; zai₂ is typical " unaction verb; zai₃ used as a proposition accompany with place, time and condition. zai₄ roles s as an adverb in front of the verb-function. his paper studied how these various functions of zai occurred by what types of grammaticalization and reanalysis. That is, the grammaticalization of zai₂ from zai₃ reveals from unaction verb to preposition: Reanalysis of zai₃ to zai₄. By searching whether the remained meaning of zai still exsit during the procedure, concluded that not only the meaning but also the composition of VP also affects to the change of grammatic structure.